T.BYTES
FILE INFORMATION
FILENAME(S): T.BYTES
FILE TYPE(S): PRG
FILE SIZE: 6K
FIRST SEEN: 2025-11-30 18:12:16
APPEARS ON: 1 disk(s)
FILE HASH
059ab193ae8945124a15f49195847c891f720dc790336b629e5d092bc20587fa
FOUND ON DISKS (1 DISKS)
| DISK TITLE | FILENAME | FILE TYPE | COLLECTION | TRACK | SECTOR | ACTIONS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LOADSTAR 60 S 1 | T.BYTES | PRG | Sailor, Ganheden | 29 | 1 | DOWNLOAD FILE |
FILE CONTENT & ANALYSIS
00000000: 00 80 5E 55 3A 5A 45 52 4F 0D 20 20 20 20 20 20 |..^U:ZERO. | 00000010: 20 20 C3 CF CD D0 D5 D4 C5 D2 20 CD CF C4 C5 CC | ........ .....| 00000020: C9 CE C7 20 C9 C9 C9 0D 0D 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |... ..... | 00000030: 20 20 20 20 42 59 20 CD 41 55 52 49 43 45 20 CA | BY .AURICE .| 00000040: 4F 4E 45 53 0D 0D 20 20 20 20 D4 48 49 53 20 49 |ONES.. .HIS I| 00000050: 53 20 54 48 45 20 54 48 49 52 44 20 41 4E 44 20 |S THE THIRD AND | 00000060: 4C 41 53 54 20 49 4E 20 4D 59 0D 53 45 52 49 45 |LAST IN MY.SERIE| 00000070: 53 20 4F 4E 20 4D 4F 44 45 4C 49 4E 47 2E 20 20 |S ON MODELING. | 00000080: C1 53 20 4F 4E 20 54 48 45 20 4F 54 48 45 52 53 |.S ON THE OTHERS| 00000090: 0D 28 48 45 52 45 41 46 54 45 52 20 43 41 4C 4C |.(HEREAFTER CALL| 000000A0: 45 44 20 C9 20 41 4E 44 20 C9 C9 29 20 C9 20 48 |ED . AND ..) . H| 000000B0: 41 56 45 20 41 0D 44 45 4D 4F 20 54 4F 20 48 45 |AVE A.DEMO TO HE| 000000C0: 4C 50 20 4D 45 20 4D 41 4B 45 20 4D 59 20 43 41 |LP ME MAKE MY CA| 000000D0: 53 45 2E 20 20 C9 20 41 4D 0D 53 54 49 4C 4C 20 |SE. . AM.STILL | 000000E0: 4F 4E 20 4D 59 20 53 4F 41 50 42 4F 58 20 54 52 |ON MY SOAPBOX TR| 000000F0: 59 49 4E 47 20 54 4F 20 53 41 56 45 0D C2 C1 D3 |YING TO SAVE....| 00000100: C9 C3 20 41 4E 44 20 46 49 47 48 54 20 4F 46 46 |.. AND FIGHT OFF| 00000110: 20 D0 CC C5 C1 D3 C5 20 D7 C1 C9 D4 2E 2E 2E 0D | ...... ........| 00000120: 53 43 52 45 45 4E 53 2E 0D 0D 20 20 C9 4E 20 54 |SCREENS... .N T| 00000130: 48 45 20 D2 D5 CE 20 4F 50 54 49 4F 4E 20 4F 4E |HE ... OPTION ON| 00000140: 20 54 48 49 53 20 44 49 53 4B 20 49 53 0D 41 20 | THIS DISK IS.A | 00000150: 53 49 4D 50 4C 45 20 53 4F 4C 49 54 41 49 52 45 |SIMPLE SOLITAIRE| 00000160: 20 47 41 4D 45 20 57 48 49 43 48 20 55 53 45 53 | GAME WHICH USES| 00000170: 0D 4D 41 4E 59 20 53 55 42 52 4F 55 54 49 4E 45 |.MANY SUBROUTINE| 00000180: 53 2E 20 20 D3 4F 4D 45 20 4F 46 20 54 48 45 53 |S. .OME OF THES| 00000190: 45 20 57 45 52 45 0D 55 53 45 44 20 49 4E 20 4D |E WERE.USED IN M| 000001A0: 59 20 50 52 45 56 49 4F 55 53 20 43 4F 4C 55 4D |Y PREVIOUS COLUM| 000001B0: 4E 53 2C 20 54 48 4F 55 47 48 0D 4D 4F 53 54 20 |NS, THOUGH.MOST | 000001C0: 48 41 56 45 20 42 45 45 4E 20 4D 4F 44 49 46 49 |HAVE BEEN MODIFI| 000001D0: 45 44 2E 0D 0D 0D 0D 20 20 20 20 D4 48 45 20 53 |ED..... .HE S| 000001E0: 4F 4C 49 54 41 49 52 45 20 47 41 4D 45 20 53 54 |OLITAIRE GAME ST| 000001F0: 41 52 54 53 20 51 55 49 43 4B 4C 59 0D 57 49 54 |ARTS QUICKLY.WIT| 00000200: 48 20 54 48 45 20 43 41 52 44 53 20 44 49 53 50 |H THE CARDS DISP| 00000210: 4C 41 59 45 44 2E 20 D4 4F 20 47 45 54 0D 49 4E |LAYED. .O GET.IN| 00000220: 53 54 52 55 43 54 49 4F 4E 53 2C 20 54 48 45 20 |STRUCTIONS, THE | 00000230: C8 C5 CC D0 20 4F 50 54 49 4F 4E 20 43 41 4E 20 |.... OPTION CAN | 00000240: 42 45 0D 43 48 4F 53 45 4E 20 41 54 20 41 4E 59 |BE.CHOSEN AT ANY| 00000250: 20 54 49 4D 45 2C 20 54 48 41 4E 4B 53 20 54 4F | TIME, THANKS TO| 00000260: 20 C6 45 4E 44 45 52 27 53 0D 53 48 4F 52 54 20 | .ENDER'S.SHORT | 00000270: 53 43 52 45 45 4E 20 53 57 49 54 43 48 49 4E 47 |SCREEN SWITCHING| 00000280: 20 52 4F 55 54 49 4E 45 20 57 48 49 43 48 0D 49 | ROUTINE WHICH.I| 00000290: 53 20 50 4F 4B 45 44 20 49 4E 20 57 48 49 4C 45 |S POKED IN WHILE| 000002A0: 20 54 48 45 20 4F 50 45 4E 49 4E 47 20 53 43 52 | THE OPENING SCR| 000002B0: 45 45 4E 0D 49 53 20 44 49 53 50 4C 41 59 45 44 |EEN.IS DISPLAYED| 000002C0: 2E 0D 0D 20 20 20 20 C1 54 20 46 49 52 53 54 20 |... .T FIRST | 000002D0: 47 4C 41 4E 43 45 2C 20 49 54 20 41 50 50 45 41 |GLANCE, IT APPEA| 000002E0: 52 53 20 54 48 41 54 0D 54 48 45 20 47 41 4D 45 |RS THAT.THE GAME| 000002F0: 20 49 53 20 49 4E 41 4E 45 2E 20 20 D7 48 49 4C | IS INANE. .HIL| 00000300: 45 20 49 54 53 20 4E 41 4D 45 0D 44 4F 45 53 20 |E ITS NAME.DOES | 00000310: 46 49 54 2C 20 54 48 45 52 45 20 41 52 45 20 41 |FIT, THERE ARE A| 00000320: 20 46 45 57 20 53 54 52 41 54 45 47 49 45 53 0D | FEW STRATEGIES.| 00000330: 57 48 49 43 48 20 43 41 4E 20 42 45 20 44 45 56 |WHICH CAN BE DEV| 00000340: 45 4C 4F 50 45 44 2E 20 20 D4 48 45 20 46 41 43 |ELOPED. .HE FAC| 00000350: 54 20 54 48 41 54 0D 45 41 43 48 20 47 41 4D 45 |T THAT.EACH GAME| 00000360: 20 49 53 20 53 48 4F 52 54 20 41 4E 44 20 54 48 | IS SHORT AND TH| 00000370: 41 54 20 59 4F 55 20 57 49 4E 0D 4D 4F 53 54 20 |AT YOU WIN.MOST | 00000380: 4F 46 20 54 48 45 20 54 49 4D 45 20 53 55 49 54 |OF THE TIME SUIT| 00000390: 53 20 4D 59 20 49 44 45 41 20 4F 46 20 41 0D 47 |S MY IDEA OF A.G| 000003A0: 41 4D 45 20 54 4F 20 46 49 4C 4C 20 41 20 46 45 |AME TO FILL A FE| 000003B0: 57 20 49 44 4C 45 20 4D 4F 4D 45 4E 54 53 2E 0D |W IDLE MOMENTS..| 000003C0: 0D 0D 0D 20 20 20 20 D4 48 45 20 50 52 4F 47 52 |... .HE PROGR| 000003D0: 41 4D 20 49 53 20 44 4F 43 55 4D 45 4E 54 45 44 |AM IS DOCUMENTED| 000003E0: 20 49 4E 20 45 56 45 52 59 0D 50 41 52 54 20 46 | IN EVERY.PART F| 000003F0: 4F 52 20 59 4F 55 52 20 45 41 53 49 45 52 20 50 |OR YOUR EASIER P| 00000400: 45 52 55 53 41 4C 2E 20 20 C9 20 48 41 56 45 0D |ERUSAL. . HAVE.| 00000410: 44 49 53 43 4F 56 45 52 45 44 20 54 48 41 54 20 |DISCOVERED THAT | 00000420: D4 CF D4 C1 CC 20 CC C9 D3 D4 20 28 46 52 4F 4D |..... .... (FROM| 00000430: 0D CC CF C1 C4 D3 D4 C1 D2 20 23 35 31 29 20 49 |......... #51) I| 00000440: 53 20 41 20 47 4F 4F 44 20 57 41 59 20 54 4F 20 |S A GOOD WAY TO | 00000450: 45 44 49 54 20 41 0D 50 52 4F 47 52 41 4D 20 41 |EDIT A.PROGRAM A| 00000460: 4E 44 20 41 20 47 52 45 41 54 20 57 41 59 20 54 |ND A GREAT WAY T| 00000470: 4F 20 53 54 55 44 59 20 54 48 45 0D 43 4F 44 45 |O STUDY THE.CODE| 00000480: 2E 0D 0D 20 20 20 20 D4 48 45 20 53 55 42 52 4F |... .HE SUBRO| 00000490: 55 54 49 4E 45 53 20 41 54 20 35 35 2D 36 38 20 |UTINES AT 55-68 | 000004A0: 41 52 45 0D 49 44 45 4E 54 49 43 41 4C 20 54 4F |ARE.IDENTICAL TO| 000004B0: 20 54 48 45 49 52 20 43 4F 55 4E 54 45 52 50 41 | THEIR COUNTERPA| 000004C0: 52 54 53 20 49 4E 20 C9 2C 0D C9 C9 20 4F 52 20 |RTS IN .,... OR | 000004D0: 42 4F 54 48 2C 20 57 48 49 4C 45 20 54 48 45 20 |BOTH, WHILE THE | 000004E0: 4F 4E 45 20 41 54 20 35 30 20 48 41 53 0D 42 45 |ONE AT 50 HAS.BE| 000004F0: 45 4E 20 4D 4F 56 45 44 20 54 4F 20 41 20 53 55 |EN MOVED TO A SU| 00000500: 42 52 4F 55 54 49 4E 45 20 46 52 4F 4D 20 54 48 |BROUTINE FROM TH| 00000510: 45 0D 4D 41 49 4E 20 50 52 4F 47 52 41 4D 20 49 |E.MAIN PROGRAM I| 00000520: 4E 20 C9 C9 2E 20 20 D4 48 45 20 53 55 42 52 4F |N ... .HE SUBRO| 00000530: 55 54 49 4E 45 53 0D 41 54 20 31 31 31 2D 31 34 |UTINES.AT 111-14| 00000540: 38 20 48 41 56 45 20 42 45 45 4E 20 4D 4F 44 49 |8 HAVE BEEN MODI| 00000550: 46 49 45 44 2C 20 45 56 45 4E 20 54 4F 0D 54 48 |FIED, EVEN TO.TH| 00000560: 45 20 45 58 54 45 4E 54 20 54 48 41 54 20 54 48 |E EXTENT THAT TH| 00000570: 45 20 52 4F 55 54 49 4E 45 20 41 54 20 31 34 30 |E ROUTINE AT 140| 00000580: 20 4E 4F 57 0D 48 41 4E 44 4C 45 53 20 54 48 45 | NOW.HANDLES THE| 00000590: 20 50 52 49 4E 54 49 4E 47 20 4F 46 20 54 48 45 | PRINTING OF THE| 000005A0: 20 43 41 52 44 53 2E 0D D4 48 45 20 4E 45 57 20 | CARDS...HE NEW | 000005B0: 53 55 42 52 4F 55 54 49 4E 45 53 20 49 4E 43 4C |SUBROUTINES INCL| 000005C0: 55 44 45 20 54 57 4F 20 53 4F 55 4E 44 0D 52 4F |UDE TWO SOUND.RO| 000005D0: 55 54 49 4E 45 53 20 41 54 20 35 20 41 4E 44 20 |UTINES AT 5 AND | 000005E0: 31 30 2C 20 4F 55 52 20 45 44 49 54 4F 52 27 53 |10, OUR EDITOR'S| 000005F0: 20 CD CC 0D 53 43 52 45 45 4E 20 53 57 49 54 43 | ...SCREEN SWITC| 00000600: 48 45 52 20 41 54 20 32 30 2C 20 41 20 48 45 4C |HER AT 20, A HEL| 00000610: 50 20 53 43 52 45 45 4E 0D 41 54 20 32 32 32 20 |P SCREEN.AT 222 | 00000620: 41 4E 44 20 41 20 53 50 45 43 49 41 4C 20 52 4F |AND A SPECIAL RO| 00000630: 55 54 49 4E 45 20 41 54 20 32 31 30 2E 0D 20 20 |UTINE AT 210.. | 00000640: 20 20 D4 48 45 20 54 57 4F 20 53 4F 55 4E 44 20 | .HE TWO SOUND | 00000650: 52 4F 55 54 49 4E 45 53 20 41 52 45 0D 42 4F 52 |ROUTINES ARE.BOR| 00000660: 52 4F 57 45 44 2C 20 42 55 54 20 54 48 45 20 22 |ROWED, BUT THE "| 00000670: 54 52 41 50 50 49 4E 47 20 52 4F 55 54 49 4E 45 |TRAPPING ROUTINE| 00000680: 22 0D 41 54 20 32 31 30 20 57 41 53 20 49 4E 56 |".AT 210 WAS INV| 00000690: 45 4E 54 45 44 20 42 59 20 4D 45 2E 20 20 C9 20 |ENTED BY ME. . | 000006A0: 4D 41 59 20 4E 4F 54 0D 48 41 56 45 20 42 45 45 |MAY NOT.HAVE BEE| 000006B0: 4E 20 54 48 45 20 46 49 52 53 54 20 54 4F 20 49 |N THE FIRST TO I| 000006C0: 4E 56 45 4E 54 20 53 55 43 48 20 41 0D 53 43 48 |NVENT SUCH A.SCH| 000006D0: 45 4D 45 2C 20 42 55 54 20 C9 20 4E 45 56 45 52 |EME, BUT . NEVER| 000006E0: 20 53 41 57 20 4F 4E 45 20 41 4E 59 57 48 45 52 | SAW ONE ANYWHER| 000006F0: 45 0D 45 4C 53 45 2E 20 20 C9 20 44 45 56 45 4C |E.ELSE. . DEVEL| 00000700: 4F 50 45 44 20 54 48 45 20 49 44 45 41 20 41 20 |OPED THE IDEA A | 00000710: 46 45 57 0D 4D 4F 4E 54 48 53 20 42 41 43 4B 20 |FEW.MONTHS BACK | 00000720: 57 48 45 4E 20 C9 20 4E 45 45 44 45 44 20 54 4F |WHEN . NEEDED TO| 00000730: 20 48 41 4E 44 4C 45 20 41 0D 44 4F 5A 45 4E 20 | HANDLE A.DOZEN | 00000740: 50 4F 53 53 49 42 4C 45 20 53 54 52 49 4E 47 53 |POSSIBLE STRINGS| 00000750: 20 49 4E 20 41 20 C7 C5 D4 0D 52 4F 55 54 49 4E | IN A ....ROUTIN| 00000760: 45 2E 20 20 D7 48 45 4E 20 C9 20 54 48 4F 55 47 |E. .HEN . THOUG| 00000770: 48 54 20 4F 46 20 57 52 49 54 49 4E 47 0D 54 57 |HT OF WRITING.TW| 00000780: 45 4C 56 45 20 C9 C6 2D D4 C8 C5 CE 20 53 54 41 |ELVE ..-.... STA| 00000790: 54 45 4D 45 4E 54 53 20 41 4E 44 20 53 4F 4D 45 |TEMENTS AND SOME| 000007A0: 0D 53 4F 52 54 20 4F 46 20 45 52 52 4F 52 20 54 |.SORT OF ERROR T| 000007B0: 52 41 50 50 49 4E 47 20 53 54 41 54 45 4D 45 4E |RAPPING STATEMEN| 000007C0: 54 2C 20 C9 0D 54 48 4F 55 47 48 54 2C 20 22 D4 |T, ..THOUGHT, ".| 000007D0: 48 45 52 45 20 48 41 53 20 47 4F 54 20 54 4F 20 |HERE HAS GOT TO | 000007E0: 42 45 20 41 0D 42 45 54 54 45 52 20 57 41 59 2E |BE A.BETTER WAY.| 000007F0: 22 0D 0D 20 20 20 20 D4 48 49 53 20 52 4F 55 54 |".. .HIS ROUT| 00000800: 49 4E 45 20 4E 4F 54 20 4F 4E 4C 59 20 45 4C 49 |INE NOT ONLY ELI| 00000810: 4D 49 4E 41 54 45 53 0D 54 48 45 20 C9 C6 2D D4 |MINATES.THE ..-.| 00000820: C8 C5 CE 20 53 54 41 54 45 4D 45 4E 54 53 2C 20 |... STATEMENTS, | 00000830: 49 54 20 41 4C 53 4F 20 49 53 20 41 0D 56 45 52 |IT ALSO IS A.VER| 00000840: 59 20 45 46 46 49 43 49 45 4E 54 20 45 52 52 4F |Y EFFICIENT ERRO| 00000850: 52 20 54 52 41 50 2E 20 20 C2 45 53 49 44 45 53 |R TRAP. .ESIDES| 00000860: 0D 54 48 41 54 2C 20 54 48 45 20 52 4F 55 54 49 |.THAT, THE ROUTI| 00000870: 4E 45 20 59 49 45 4C 44 53 20 4E 55 4D 42 45 52 |NE YIELDS NUMBER| 00000880: 53 0D 52 41 54 48 45 52 20 54 48 41 4E 20 53 54 |S.RATHER THAN ST| 00000890: 52 49 4E 47 53 2E 0D 0D 20 20 20 20 D4 48 45 20 |RINGS... .HE | 000008A0: 41 52 52 41 59 20 C3 C8 24 2C 20 57 48 49 43 48 |ARRAY ..$, WHICH| 000008B0: 20 43 4F 4E 54 41 49 4E 53 20 54 48 45 0D 43 48 | CONTAINS THE.CH| 000008C0: 4F 49 43 45 53 2C 20 49 53 20 52 45 41 44 20 49 |OICES, IS READ I| 000008D0: 4E 20 41 54 20 34 33 20 41 46 54 45 52 20 54 48 |N AT 43 AFTER TH| 000008E0: 45 0D 53 43 52 45 45 4E 20 53 57 49 54 43 48 45 |E.SCREEN SWITCHE| 000008F0: 52 20 48 41 53 20 42 45 45 4E 20 D0 CF CB C5 44 |R HAS BEEN ....D| 00000900: 20 49 4E 2E 0D 0D 20 20 20 20 C1 20 4C 49 4E 45 | IN... . LINE| 00000910: 20 42 59 20 4C 49 4E 45 20 41 43 43 4F 55 4E 54 | BY LINE ACCOUNT| 00000920: 20 57 4F 55 4C 44 20 42 45 0D 4C 4F 4E 47 45 52 | WOULD BE.LONGER| 00000930: 20 54 48 41 4E 20 54 48 45 20 43 4F 44 45 2C 20 | THAN THE CODE, | 00000940: 42 55 54 20 48 45 52 45 20 41 52 45 20 41 0D 46 |BUT HERE ARE A.F| 00000950: 45 57 20 46 41 43 54 53 20 54 4F 20 48 45 4C 50 |EW FACTS TO HELP| 00000960: 20 59 4F 55 20 53 54 55 44 59 20 54 48 45 20 43 | YOU STUDY THE C| 00000970: 4F 44 45 2E 0D D4 48 45 20 54 57 4F 20 44 49 4D |ODE...HE TWO DIM| 00000980: 45 4E 53 49 4F 4E 41 4C 20 41 52 52 41 59 20 C2 |ENSIONAL ARRAY .| 00000990: 20 49 53 20 55 53 45 44 20 54 4F 0D 53 54 4F 52 | IS USED TO.STOR| 000009A0: 45 20 54 48 45 20 4E 55 4D 42 45 52 53 20 57 48 |E THE NUMBERS WH| 000009B0: 49 43 48 20 53 49 4D 55 4C 41 54 45 20 54 48 45 |ICH SIMULATE THE| 000009C0: 0D 44 45 43 4B 2E 20 20 D4 48 45 20 46 49 52 53 |.DECK. .HE FIRS| 000009D0: 54 20 44 49 4D 45 4E 53 49 4F 4E 20 43 4F 52 52 |T DIMENSION CORR| 000009E0: 45 53 50 4F 4E 44 53 0D 54 4F 20 54 48 45 20 42 |ESPONDS.TO THE B| 000009F0: 4F 41 52 44 20 50 4F 53 49 54 49 4F 4E 20 41 4E |OARD POSITION AN| 00000A00: 44 20 54 48 45 20 53 45 43 4F 4E 44 0D 54 4F 20 |D THE SECOND.TO | 00000A10: 54 48 45 20 43 41 52 44 53 20 41 54 20 54 48 41 |THE CARDS AT THA| 00000A20: 54 20 50 4F 53 49 54 49 4F 4E 20 57 49 54 48 20 |T POSITION WITH | 00000A30: 54 48 45 0D 54 4F 50 20 43 41 52 44 20 4C 41 53 |THE.TOP CARD LAS| 00000A40: 54 2E 20 20 D4 48 45 20 41 52 52 41 59 20 C3 20 |T. .HE ARRAY . | 00000A50: 4B 45 45 50 53 20 41 0D 43 4F 55 4E 54 20 4F 46 |KEEPS A.COUNT OF| 00000A60: 20 54 48 45 20 4E 55 4D 42 45 52 20 4F 46 20 43 | THE NUMBER OF C| 00000A70: 41 52 44 53 20 49 4E 20 54 48 45 0D 50 49 4C 45 |ARDS IN THE.PILE| 00000A80: 2C 20 54 48 45 20 41 52 52 41 59 53 20 D8 20 41 |, THE ARRAYS . A| 00000A90: 4E 44 20 D9 20 53 54 4F 52 45 20 54 48 45 0D 53 |ND . STORE THE.S| 00000AA0: 43 52 45 45 4E 20 43 4F 4F 52 44 49 4E 41 54 45 |CREEN COORDINATE| 00000AB0: 53 20 4F 46 20 54 48 45 20 50 49 4C 45 53 2E 0D |S OF THE PILES..| 00000AC0: 0D 0D 0D 20 20 20 20 D7 48 45 4E 20 54 48 45 20 |... .HEN THE | 00000AD0: 47 41 4D 45 20 53 54 41 52 54 53 20 54 48 45 52 |GAME STARTS THER| 00000AE0: 45 20 41 52 45 0D 54 45 4E 20 43 41 52 44 53 20 |E ARE.TEN CARDS | 00000AF0: 49 4E 20 45 41 43 48 20 4F 46 20 54 48 45 20 50 |IN EACH OF THE P| 00000B00: 49 4C 45 53 20 35 0D 54 48 52 4F 55 47 48 20 38 |ILES 5.THROUGH 8| 00000B10: 2C 20 41 4E 44 20 31 32 20 43 41 52 44 53 20 49 |, AND 12 CARDS I| 00000B20: 4E 20 54 48 45 20 53 54 4F 43 4B 2C 0D 39 2E 20 |N THE STOCK,.9. | 00000B30: 20 C9 20 4F 52 49 47 49 4E 41 4C 4C 59 20 50 4C | . ORIGINALLY PL| 00000B40: 41 4E 4E 45 44 20 54 4F 20 44 4F 20 41 4C 4C 0D |ANNED TO DO ALL.| 00000B50: 54 48 49 53 20 57 49 54 48 20 4F 4E 45 20 41 52 |THIS WITH ONE AR| 00000B60: 52 41 59 2C 20 42 55 54 20 46 4F 55 4E 44 20 49 |RAY, BUT FOUND I| 00000B70: 54 0D 45 41 53 49 45 52 20 54 4F 20 55 53 45 20 |T.EASIER TO USE | 00000B80: 46 4F 55 52 20 41 46 54 45 52 20 54 59 50 49 4E |FOUR AFTER TYPIN| 00000B90: 47 0D 54 48 49 4E 47 53 20 4C 49 4B 45 20 C2 28 |G.THINGS LIKE .(| 00000BA0: C9 2C C2 28 31 30 2C C9 29 29 2E 0D 0D 20 20 20 |.,.(10,.))... | 00000BB0: 20 C1 46 54 45 52 20 54 48 45 20 54 49 54 4C 45 | .FTER THE TITLE| 00000BC0: 20 53 43 52 45 45 4E 53 20 48 41 56 45 20 52 55 | SCREENS HAVE RU| 00000BD0: 4E 2C 0D 54 48 45 20 53 4D 41 4C 4C 20 47 52 4F |N,.THE SMALL GRO| 00000BE0: 55 50 20 4F 46 20 4C 49 4E 45 53 20 4F 46 20 43 |UP OF LINES OF C| 00000BF0: 4F 44 45 20 46 52 4F 4D 0D 34 36 30 20 54 4F 20 |ODE FROM.460 TO | 00000C00: 39 39 39 2C 20 54 4F 47 45 54 48 45 52 20 57 49 |999, TOGETHER WI| 00000C10: 54 48 20 54 48 45 20 31 30 0D 4C 49 4E 45 53 20 |TH THE 10.LINES | 00000C20: 49 4E 20 D3 D5 C2 20 32 31 30 20 41 4E 44 20 D3 |IN ... 210 AND .| 00000C30: D5 C2 20 31 34 30 20 44 4F 20 4D 4F 53 54 0D 4F |.. 140 DO MOST.O| 00000C40: 46 20 54 48 45 20 57 4F 52 4B 2C 20 42 55 54 20 |F THE WORK, BUT | 00000C50: 4D 4F 52 45 20 49 4D 50 4F 52 54 41 4E 54 20 54 |MORE IMPORTANT T| 00000C60: 48 41 4E 0D 54 48 45 20 4C 45 4E 47 54 48 20 4F |HAN.THE LENGTH O| 00000C70: 46 20 54 48 45 20 43 4F 44 45 20 49 53 20 54 48 |F THE CODE IS TH| 00000C80: 45 20 46 41 43 54 0D 54 48 41 54 20 4D 4F 53 54 |E FACT.THAT MOST| 00000C90: 20 4F 46 20 54 48 45 20 57 4F 52 4B 20 49 53 20 | OF THE WORK IS | 00000CA0: 57 49 54 48 20 4E 55 4D 42 45 52 53 0D 52 41 54 |WITH NUMBERS.RAT| 00000CB0: 48 45 52 20 54 48 41 4E 20 57 49 54 48 20 53 54 |HER THAN WITH ST| 00000CC0: 52 49 4E 47 53 2E 0D 0D 0D 0D 20 20 20 20 D4 48 |RINGS..... .H| 00000CD0: 45 20 53 43 52 45 45 4E 20 53 57 49 54 43 48 45 |E SCREEN SWITCHE| 00000CE0: 52 20 57 41 53 20 4C 4F 41 44 45 44 0D 55 4E 44 |R WAS LOADED.UND| 00000CF0: 45 52 20 54 48 45 20 46 49 52 53 54 20 53 43 52 |ER THE FIRST SCR| 00000D00: 45 45 4E 20 4D 4F 53 54 4C 59 20 54 4F 0D 53 55 |EEN MOSTLY TO.SU| 00000D10: 50 50 4F 52 54 20 4D 59 20 41 52 47 55 4D 45 4E |PPORT MY ARGUMEN| 00000D20: 54 20 54 48 41 54 20 49 46 20 59 4F 55 20 41 52 |T THAT IF YOU AR| 00000D30: 45 0D 43 4F 4D 50 45 4C 4C 45 44 20 54 4F 20 55 |E.COMPELLED TO U| 00000D40: 53 45 20 41 20 53 48 4F 52 54 20 CD CC 20 52 4F |SE A SHORT .. RO| 00000D50: 55 54 49 4E 45 2C 0D 49 54 20 53 48 4F 55 4C 44 |UTINE,.IT SHOULD| 00000D60: 20 42 45 20 D0 CF CB C5 44 20 49 4E 2C 20 4E 4F | BE ....D IN, NO| 00000D70: 54 20 CC CF C1 C4 45 44 0D 46 52 4F 4D 20 44 49 |T ....ED.FROM DI| 00000D80: 53 4B 2E 0D 0D C5 C4 C9 D4 CF D2 27 D3 20 CE CF |SK.........'. ..| 00000D90: D4 C5 3A 20 CF 4B 41 59 2C 20 4F 4B 41 59 21 20 |..: .KAY, OKAY! | 00000DA0: 20 D3 48 4F 52 54 0D 52 4F 55 54 49 4E 45 53 20 | .HORT.ROUTINES | 00000DB0: 43 41 4E 20 42 45 20 D0 CF CB C5 44 20 49 4E 2E |CAN BE ....D IN.| 00000DC0: 0D 0D 20 20 20 20 D4 48 45 20 C7 CF D3 D5 C2 31 |.. .HE .....1| 00000DD0: 32 37 20 41 46 54 45 52 20 54 48 45 20 54 48 49 |27 AFTER THE THI| 00000DE0: 52 44 0D 53 43 52 45 45 4E 20 49 53 20 55 53 45 |RD.SCREEN IS USE| 00000DF0: 44 20 4F 4E 4C 59 20 54 4F 20 53 48 4F 57 20 54 |D ONLY TO SHOW T| 00000E00: 48 41 54 0D 4F 54 48 45 52 20 53 54 55 46 46 20 |HAT.OTHER STUFF | 00000E10: 43 4F 55 4C 44 20 42 45 20 44 4F 4E 45 2E 0D 0D |COULD BE DONE...| 00000E20: 0D 0D 0D 0D 20 20 20 20 C6 45 4E 44 45 52 20 D4 |.... .ENDER .| 00000E30: 55 43 4B 45 52 20 53 41 49 44 20 49 4E 20 C2 C1 |UCKER SAID IN ..| 00000E40: D3 C9 C3 D3 20 23 35 31 3A 0D 0D 20 20 20 2E 2E |.... #51:.. ..| 00000E50: 2E 20 4E 4F 57 20 54 48 41 54 20 54 48 45 20 C3 |. NOW THAT THE .| 00000E60: 36 34 20 49 53 20 49 4E 20 49 54 53 0D 20 20 20 |64 IS IN ITS. | 00000E70: 53 49 58 54 48 20 59 45 41 52 2C 20 57 45 20 48 |SIXTH YEAR, WE H| 00000E80: 41 56 45 20 52 45 41 43 48 45 44 20 41 0D 20 20 |AVE REACHED A. | 00000E90: 20 4C 45 56 45 4C 20 4F 46 20 53 4F 50 48 49 53 | LEVEL OF SOPHIS| 00000EA0: 54 49 43 41 54 49 4F 4E 20 54 48 41 54 0D 20 20 |TICATION THAT. | 00000EB0: 20 41 4C 4D 4F 53 54 20 27 44 45 4D 41 4E 44 53 | ALMOST 'DEMANDS| 00000EC0: 27 20 54 48 41 54 20 50 52 4F 47 52 41 4D 53 0D |' THAT PROGRAMS.| 00000ED0: 20 20 20 48 41 56 45 20 54 48 45 53 45 20 46 45 | HAVE THESE FE| 00000EE0: 41 54 55 52 45 53 2E 20 20 C9 46 20 59 4F 55 52 |ATURES. .F YOUR| 00000EF0: 0D 20 20 20 50 52 4F 47 52 41 4D 20 48 41 53 20 |. PROGRAM HAS | 00000F00: 4E 4F 20 53 50 52 49 54 45 53 2C 20 43 55 53 54 |NO SPRITES, CUST| 00000F10: 4F 4D 0D 20 20 20 43 48 41 52 41 43 54 45 52 53 |OM. CHARACTERS| 00000F20: 20 4F 52 20 CD CC 20 52 4F 55 54 49 4E 45 53 2C | OR .. ROUTINES,| 00000F30: 20 53 45 4E 44 0D 20 20 20 49 54 20 54 4F 20 41 | SEND. IT TO A| 00000F40: 20 4D 41 47 41 5A 49 4E 45 2E 0D 0D 20 20 20 20 | MAGAZINE... | 00000F50: C1 53 20 C9 20 53 41 49 44 20 49 4E 20 C9 C9 2C |.S . SAID IN ..,| 00000F60: 20 50 52 4F 47 52 41 4D 53 20 46 4F 52 20 54 48 | PROGRAMS FOR TH| 00000F70: 45 0D C3 2D 36 34 20 53 45 45 4D 20 54 4F 20 48 |E..-64 SEEM TO H| 00000F80: 41 56 45 20 45 56 4F 4C 56 45 44 20 42 59 0D 22 |AVE EVOLVED BY."| 00000F90: 42 4F 52 52 4F 57 49 4E 47 22 20 43 4F 44 45 2C |BORROWING" CODE,| 00000FA0: 20 4E 4F 54 20 41 4C 57 41 59 53 20 47 4F 4F 44 | NOT ALWAYS GOOD| 00000FB0: 0D 43 4F 44 45 2E 20 20 C9 20 42 45 4C 49 45 56 |.CODE. . BELIEV| 00000FC0: 45 20 54 48 41 54 20 54 48 45 20 46 55 54 55 52 |E THAT THE FUTUR| 00000FD0: 45 20 4F 46 0D C3 2D 36 34 20 50 52 4F 47 52 41 |E OF..-64 PROGRA| 00000FE0: 4D 53 20 49 53 20 4E 4F 57 20 46 49 52 4D 4C 59 |MS IS NOW FIRMLY| 00000FF0: 20 49 4E 20 54 48 45 0D 48 41 4E 44 53 20 4F 46 | IN THE.HANDS OF| 00001000: 20 CC CF C1 C4 D3 D4 C1 D2 2E 0D 0D 0D 20 20 20 | ............ | 00001010: 20 C9 4E 20 54 48 45 20 48 49 53 54 4F 52 59 20 | .N THE HISTORY | 00001020: 4F 46 20 C3 CF CD D0 D5 D4 C5 21 D3 0D C7 C1 DA |OF .......!.....| 00001030: C5 D4 D4 C5 2C 20 54 48 45 20 4F 4C 44 45 53 54 |...., THE OLDEST| 00001040: 20 C3 2D 36 34 20 4D 41 47 41 5A 49 4E 45 2C 20 | .-64 MAGAZINE, | 00001050: 49 46 0D 41 4E 59 20 53 54 59 4C 45 20 48 41 53 |IF.ANY STYLE HAS| 00001060: 20 45 56 4F 4C 56 45 44 2C 20 49 54 20 49 53 20 | EVOLVED, IT IS | 00001070: 54 48 41 54 20 CD CC 0D 53 45 45 4D 53 20 54 4F |THAT ...SEEMS TO| 00001080: 20 48 41 56 45 20 57 4F 4E 2E 20 20 C9 4E 20 54 | HAVE WON. .N T| 00001090: 48 45 20 54 57 4F 20 59 45 41 52 53 0D 4F 46 20 |HE TWO YEARS.OF | 000010A0: 54 48 45 49 52 20 44 49 53 4B 53 20 54 48 41 54 |THEIR DISKS THAT| 000010B0: 20 C9 20 4F 57 4E 2C 20 54 48 45 20 C2 C1 D3 C9 | . OWN, THE ....| 000010C0: C3 0D 50 52 4F 47 52 41 4D 53 20 57 4F 55 4C 44 |..PROGRAMS WOULD| 000010D0: 20 41 4C 4C 20 48 41 56 45 20 54 4F 20 42 45 0D | ALL HAVE TO BE.| 000010E0: 44 52 41 4D 41 54 49 43 41 4C 4C 59 20 49 4D 50 |DRAMATICALLY IMP| 000010F0: 52 4F 56 45 44 20 54 4F 20 4D 41 4B 45 20 49 54 |ROVED TO MAKE IT| 00001100: 20 49 4E 0D CC D3 2E 20 20 C6 45 4E 44 45 52 20 | IN.... .ENDER | 00001110: 4F 46 54 45 4E 20 50 4F 49 4E 54 53 20 4F 55 54 |OFTEN POINTS OUT| 00001120: 20 54 48 45 0D 55 4E 44 45 4E 49 41 42 4C 45 20 | THE.UNDENIABLE | 00001130: 46 41 43 54 20 54 48 41 54 20 4D 41 47 41 5A 49 |FACT THAT MAGAZI| 00001140: 4E 45 53 20 50 52 45 46 45 52 0D 42 41 52 45 20 |NES PREFER.BARE | 00001150: 42 4F 4E 45 53 20 50 52 4F 47 52 41 4D 53 20 42 |BONES PROGRAMS B| 00001160: 45 43 41 55 53 45 20 54 48 45 59 20 41 52 45 0D |ECAUSE THEY ARE.| 00001170: 45 41 53 49 45 52 20 54 4F 20 54 59 50 45 2E 0D |EASIER TO TYPE..| 00001180: 0D 20 20 20 20 C9 4E 20 53 50 49 54 45 20 4F 46 |. .N SPITE OF| 00001190: 20 41 4C 4C 20 4D 59 20 50 52 4F 54 45 53 54 53 | ALL MY PROTESTS| 000011A0: 20 49 4E 0D 54 48 45 53 45 20 43 4F 4C 55 4D 4E | IN.THESE COLUMN| 000011B0: 53 2C 20 C9 20 44 4F 20 4E 4F 54 20 44 49 53 41 |S, . DO NOT DISA| 000011C0: 47 52 45 45 20 57 49 54 48 0D 4F 55 52 20 45 44 |GREE WITH.OUR ED| 000011D0: 49 54 4F 52 20 49 4E 20 50 52 49 4E 43 49 50 4C |ITOR IN PRINCIPL| 000011E0: 45 2E 20 20 C2 55 54 20 C9 20 44 4F 0D 57 41 4E |E. .UT . DO.WAN| 000011F0: 54 20 54 4F 20 53 45 45 20 C2 C1 D3 C9 C3 20 52 |T TO SEE ..... R| 00001200: 45 4D 41 49 4E 20 54 48 45 20 4C 41 4E 47 55 41 |EMAIN THE LANGUA| 00001210: 47 45 0D 4F 46 20 CC CF C1 C4 D3 D4 C1 D2 2E 20 |GE.OF ......... | 00001220: 20 C9 20 44 4F 20 57 41 4E 54 20 54 4F 20 41 56 | . DO WANT TO AV| 00001230: 4F 49 44 0D 43 4F 4D 50 49 4C 45 44 20 50 52 4F |OID.COMPILED PRO| 00001240: 47 52 41 4D 53 20 41 4E 44 2C 20 49 4E 20 53 4F |GRAMS AND, IN SO| 00001250: 20 46 41 52 20 41 53 0D 50 52 41 43 54 49 43 41 | FAR AS.PRACTICA| 00001260: 4C 2C 20 CD CC 20 52 4F 55 54 49 4E 45 53 2E 0D |L, .. ROUTINES..| 00001270: 20 20 20 20 D7 48 45 4E 20 41 20 50 52 4F 47 52 | .HEN A PROGR| 00001280: 41 4D 20 4D 55 53 54 20 42 45 20 43 4F 4D 50 49 |AM MUST BE COMPI| 00001290: 4C 45 44 2C 0D C9 20 44 4F 20 57 41 4E 54 20 54 |LED,.. DO WANT T| 000012A0: 4F 20 42 45 20 46 55 52 4E 49 53 48 45 44 20 54 |O BE FURNISHED T| 000012B0: 48 45 0D 55 4E 43 4F 4D 50 49 4C 45 44 20 43 4F |HE.UNCOMPILED CO| 000012C0: 44 45 2E 20 D7 48 45 4E 20 53 48 4F 52 54 20 CD |DE. .HEN SHORT .| 000012D0: CC 0D 52 4F 55 54 49 4E 45 53 20 41 52 45 20 55 |..ROUTINES ARE U| 000012E0: 4E 41 56 4F 49 44 41 42 4C 45 2C 20 C9 20 44 4F |NAVOIDABLE, . DO| 000012F0: 20 57 41 4E 54 0D 54 4F 20 53 45 45 20 54 48 45 | WANT.TO SEE THE| 00001300: 4D 20 50 4F 4B 45 44 20 49 4E 2E 20 20 C9 20 44 |M POKED IN. . D| 00001310: 4F 20 57 41 4E 54 20 54 4F 0D 53 45 45 20 54 48 |O WANT TO.SEE TH| 00001320: 45 20 53 45 54 2D 55 50 20 57 4F 52 4B 20 49 4E |E SET-UP WORK IN| 00001330: 20 41 4C 4C 20 4F 55 52 0D 50 52 4F 47 52 41 4D | ALL OUR.PROGRAM| 00001340: 53 20 44 49 56 49 44 45 44 20 49 4E 54 4F 20 53 |S DIVIDED INTO S| 00001350: 48 4F 52 54 20 53 45 47 4D 45 4E 54 53 0D 41 4E |HORT SEGMENTS.AN| 00001360: 44 20 50 45 52 46 4F 52 4D 45 44 20 57 48 49 4C |D PERFORMED WHIL| 00001370: 45 20 57 45 20 4C 4F 4F 4B 20 41 54 0D 53 4F 4D |E WE LOOK AT.SOM| 00001380: 45 54 48 49 4E 47 20 42 45 53 49 44 45 53 20 D0 |ETHING BESIDES .| 00001390: CC C5 C1 D3 C5 20 D7 C1 C9 D4 20 2E 2E 2E 20 2E |..... .... ... .| 000013A0: 0D 0D 20 20 20 20 C9 46 20 57 45 20 43 41 4E 20 |.. .F WE CAN | 000013B0: 49 4D 50 52 4F 56 45 20 4F 55 52 20 50 52 4F 47 |IMPROVE OUR PROG| 000013C0: 52 41 4D 4D 49 4E 47 0D 54 45 43 48 4E 49 51 55 |RAMMING.TECHNIQU| 000013D0: 45 53 20 41 4E 44 20 44 45 56 45 4C 4F 50 20 4E |ES AND DEVELOP N| 000013E0: 45 57 2C 20 4D 4F 52 45 0D 45 46 46 49 43 49 45 |EW, MORE.EFFICIE| 000013F0: 4E 54 20 52 4F 55 54 49 4E 45 53 2C 20 57 45 20 |NT ROUTINES, WE | 00001400: 57 49 4C 4C 20 48 41 56 45 20 41 0D 42 45 54 54 |WILL HAVE A.BETT| 00001410: 45 52 20 43 48 41 4E 43 45 20 4F 46 20 4D 45 45 |ER CHANCE OF MEE| 00001420: 54 49 4E 47 20 54 48 45 53 45 20 47 4F 41 4C 53 |TING THESE GOALS| 00001430: 2E 0D 0D 20 20 20 20 C9 4E 20 C2 C1 D3 C9 C3 D3 |... .N ......| 00001440: 20 4F 4E 20 23 35 35 2C 20 CA 45 46 46 20 CA 4F | ON #55, .EFF .O| 00001450: 4E 45 53 0D 51 55 4F 54 45 53 20 C6 C5 CE C4 C5 |NES.QUOTES .....| 00001460: D2 27 D3 20 D0 CF D3 D4 D5 CC C1 D4 C5 3A 20 20 |.'. .........: | 00001470: 22 C1 4E 59 20 54 41 53 4B 0D 54 48 41 54 20 49 |".NY TASK.THAT I| 00001480: 53 20 52 45 50 45 41 54 45 44 20 4D 4F 52 45 20 |S REPEATED MORE | 00001490: 54 48 41 4E 20 54 57 49 43 45 20 49 4E 20 41 0D |THAN TWICE IN A.| 000014A0: 50 52 4F 47 52 41 4D 20 44 45 53 45 52 56 45 53 |PROGRAM DESERVES| 000014B0: 20 41 20 53 55 42 52 4F 55 54 49 4E 45 2E 22 0D | A SUBROUTINE.".| 000014C0: 0D 20 20 20 20 C1 53 20 59 4F 55 20 4D 41 59 20 |. .S YOU MAY | 000014D0: 48 41 56 45 20 47 55 45 53 53 45 44 2C 20 C9 20 |HAVE GUESSED, . | 000014E0: 55 53 45 0D 53 55 42 52 4F 55 54 49 4E 45 53 20 |USE.SUBROUTINES | 000014F0: 46 4F 52 20 4D 41 4E 59 20 52 45 41 53 4F 4E 53 |FOR MANY REASONS| 00001500: 2C 20 41 4D 4F 4E 47 0D 57 48 49 43 48 20 41 52 |, AMONG.WHICH AR| 00001510: 45 20 45 41 53 45 20 49 4E 20 54 52 41 4E 53 50 |E EASE IN TRANSP| 00001520: 4F 52 54 49 4E 47 20 46 52 4F 4D 0D 4F 4E 45 20 |ORTING FROM.ONE | 00001530: 50 52 4F 47 52 41 4D 20 54 4F 20 54 48 45 20 4F |PROGRAM TO THE O| 00001540: 54 48 45 52 2C 20 45 41 53 45 20 49 4E 0D 54 45 |THER, EASE IN.TE| 00001550: 53 54 49 4E 47 2C 20 45 41 53 45 20 49 4E 20 45 |STING, EASE IN E| 00001560: 44 49 54 49 4E 47 20 41 4E 44 20 45 41 53 45 20 |DITING AND EASE | 00001570: 49 4E 0D 41 4C 4C 4F 54 49 4E 47 20 54 49 4D 45 |IN.ALLOTING TIME| 00001580: 20 46 4F 52 20 53 45 54 2D 55 50 20 52 4F 55 54 | FOR SET-UP ROUT| 00001590: 49 4E 45 53 2E 20 20 C9 0D 46 49 52 4D 4C 59 20 |INES. ..FIRMLY | 000015A0: 42 45 4C 49 45 56 45 20 54 48 41 54 20 42 45 54 |BELIEVE THAT BET| 000015B0: 54 45 52 20 55 53 45 20 4F 46 0D 53 55 42 52 4F |TER USE OF.SUBRO| 000015C0: 55 54 49 4E 45 53 20 57 4F 55 4C 44 20 48 45 4C |UTINES WOULD HEL| 000015D0: 50 20 4F 55 52 20 43 4F 44 45 2E 0D 0D 20 20 20 |P OUR CODE... | 000015E0: 20 C9 4E 20 52 45 47 41 52 44 53 20 54 4F 20 57 | .N REGARDS TO W| 000015F0: 4F 52 4B 49 4E 47 20 42 45 48 49 4E 44 0D 53 43 |ORKING BEHIND.SC| 00001600: 52 45 45 4E 53 2C 20 57 45 20 43 4F 55 4C 44 20 |REENS, WE COULD | 00001610: 41 44 44 20 41 20 4C 49 4E 45 20 41 54 20 54 48 |ADD A LINE AT TH| 00001620: 45 0D 42 4F 54 54 4F 4D 20 54 4F 20 49 4E 46 4F |E.BOTTOM TO INFO| 00001630: 52 4D 20 54 48 45 20 52 41 50 49 44 20 52 45 41 |RM THE RAPID REA| 00001640: 44 45 52 20 57 48 59 0D 48 45 20 4D 55 53 54 20 |DER WHY.HE MUST | 00001650: 57 41 49 54 20 41 4E 44 20 54 48 45 4E 20 46 4C |WAIT AND THEN FL| 00001660: 41 53 48 20 C1 CE D9 20 CB C5 D9 0D 57 48 45 4E |ASH ... ....WHEN| 00001670: 20 54 48 45 20 57 4F 52 4B 20 49 53 20 43 4F 4D | THE WORK IS COM| 00001680: 50 4C 45 54 45 2E 20 20 CF 4E 20 52 45 41 4C 4C |PLETE. .N REALL| 00001690: 59 0D 42 49 47 20 4A 4F 42 53 2C 20 4C 45 54 27 |Y.BIG JOBS, LET'| 000016A0: 53 20 50 52 49 4E 54 20 41 20 4E 49 43 45 0D 49 |S PRINT A NICE.I| 000016B0: 4E 54 52 4F 44 55 43 54 49 4F 4E 20 4F 4E 20 54 |NTRODUCTION ON T| 000016C0: 48 45 20 53 43 52 45 45 4E 20 57 48 49 4C 45 20 |HE SCREEN WHILE | 000016D0: 57 45 0D 57 41 49 54 2E 0D 0D 0D 20 20 20 20 C9 |WE.WAIT.... .| 000016E0: 46 20 41 4E 59 20 4F 46 20 59 4F 55 20 41 47 52 |F ANY OF YOU AGR| 000016F0: 45 45 20 57 49 54 48 20 41 4E 59 20 4F 46 20 4D |EE WITH ANY OF M| 00001700: 59 0D 47 4F 41 4C 53 2C 20 50 4C 45 41 53 45 20 |Y.GOALS, PLEASE | 00001710: 48 45 4C 50 20 4D 45 2E 20 20 C6 45 4E 44 45 52 |HELP ME. .ENDER| 00001720: 20 57 49 4C 4C 0D 55 4E 44 4F 55 42 54 45 44 4C | WILL.UNDOUBTEDL| 00001730: 59 20 48 41 56 45 20 54 48 45 20 46 49 4E 41 4C |Y HAVE THE FINAL| 00001740: 20 53 41 59 0D 42 45 43 41 55 53 45 2C 20 41 53 | SAY.BECAUSE, AS| 00001750: 20 57 45 20 54 45 41 43 48 45 52 53 20 53 41 59 | WE TEACHERS SAY| 00001760: 2C 20 22 C8 45 20 48 41 53 0D 54 48 45 20 52 45 |, ".E HAS.THE RE| 00001770: 44 20 50 45 4E 43 49 4C 2E 22 20 20 C2 55 54 20 |D PENCIL." .UT | 00001780: 49 46 20 48 49 53 20 4D 49 4E 44 20 57 41 53 0D |IF HIS MIND WAS.| 00001790: 43 4C 4F 53 45 44 2C 20 48 45 20 57 4F 55 4C 44 |CLOSED, HE WOULD| 000017A0: 20 4E 45 56 45 52 20 48 41 56 45 20 47 49 56 45 | NEVER HAVE GIVE| 000017B0: 4E 20 4D 45 0D 54 48 49 53 20 53 4F 41 50 20 42 |N ME.THIS SOAP B| 000017C0: 4F 58 2E 20 20 CC 4F 4E 47 20 4C 49 56 45 20 54 |OX. .ONG LIVE T| 000017D0: 48 45 20 C3 2D 36 34 2C 0D C2 C1 D3 C9 C3 20 41 |HE .-64,...... A| 000017E0: 4E 44 20 CC CF C1 C4 D3 D4 C1 D2 2E 0D 0D 20 20 |ND ........... | 000017F0: 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 2A 2A 2A 2A 20 C5 CE C4 20 | **** ... | 00001800: CF C6 20 D4 C5 D8 D4 20 2A 2A 2A 2A 0D |.. .... ****. |
..^U:ZERO. COMPUTER MODELING III.
. BY MAURICE JONES.. THIS I
S THE THIRD AND LAST IN MY.SERIES ON MOD
ELING. AS ON THE OTHERS.(HEREAFTER CALL
ED I AND II) I HAVE A.DEMO TO HELP ME MA
KE MY CASE. I AM.STILL ON MY SOAPBOX TR
YING TO SAVE.BASIC AND FIGHT OFF PLEASE
WAIT....SCREENS... IN THE RUN OPTION ON
THIS DISK IS.A SIMPLE SOLITAIRE GAME WH
ICH USES.MANY SUBROUTINES. SOME OF THES
E WERE.USED IN MY PREVIOUS COLUMNS, THOU
GH.MOST HAVE BEEN MODIFIED..... THE S
OLITAIRE GAME STARTS QUICKLY.WITH THE CA
RDS DISPLAYED. TO GET.INSTRUCTIONS, THE
HELP OPTION CAN BE.CHOSEN AT ANY TIME, T
HANKS TO FENDER'S.SHORT SCREEN SWITCHING
ROUTINE WHICH.IS POKED IN WHILE THE OPE
NING SCREEN.IS DISPLAYED... AT FIRST
GLANCE, IT APPEARS THAT.THE GAME IS INAN
E. WHILE ITS NAME.DOES FIT, THERE ARE A
FEW STRATEGIES.WHICH CAN BE DEVELOPED.
THE FACT THAT.EACH GAME IS SHORT AND TH
AT YOU WIN.MOST OF THE TIME SUITS MY IDE
A OF A.GAME TO FILL A FEW IDLE MOMENTS..
... THE PROGRAM IS DOCUMENTED IN EVER
Y.PART FOR YOUR EASIER PERUSAL. I HAVE.
DISCOVERED THAT TOTAL LIST (FROM.LOADSTA
R #51) IS A GOOD WAY TO EDIT A.PROGRAM A
ND A GREAT WAY TO STUDY THE.CODE... T
HE SUBROUTINES AT 55-68 ARE.IDENTICAL TO
THEIR COUNTERPARTS IN I,.II OR BOTH, WH
ILE THE ONE AT 50 HAS.BEEN MOVED TO A SU
BROUTINE FROM THE.MAIN PROGRAM IN II. T
HE SUBROUTINES.AT 111-148 HAVE BEEN MODI
FIED, EVEN TO.THE EXTENT THAT THE ROUTIN
E AT 140 NOW.HANDLES THE PRINTING OF THE
CARDS..THE NEW SUBROUTINES INCLUDE TWO
SOUND.ROUTINES AT 5 AND 10, OUR EDITOR'S
ML.SCREEN SWITCHER AT 20, A HELP SCREEN
.AT 222 AND A SPECIAL ROUTINE AT 210..
THE TWO SOUND ROUTINES ARE.BORROWED, B
UT THE "TRAPPING ROUTINE".AT 210 WAS INV
ENTED BY ME. I MAY NOT.HAVE BEEN THE FI
RST TO INVENT SUCH A.SCHEME, BUT I NEVER
SAW ONE ANYWHERE.ELSE. I DEVELOPED THE
IDEA A FEW.MONTHS BACK WHEN I NEEDED TO
HANDLE A.DOZEN POSSIBLE STRINGS IN A GE
T.ROUTINE. WHEN I THOUGHT OF WRITING.TW
ELVE IF-THEN STATEMENTS AND SOME.SORT OF
ERROR TRAPPING STATEMENT, I.THOUGHT, "T
HERE HAS GOT TO BE A.BETTER WAY.".. T
HIS ROUTINE NOT ONLY ELIMINATES.THE IF-T
HEN STATEMENTS, IT ALSO IS A.VERY EFFICI
ENT ERROR TRAP. BESIDES.THAT, THE ROUTI
NE YIELDS NUMBERS.RATHER THAN STRINGS...
THE ARRAY CH$, WHICH CONTAINS THE.CH
OICES, IS READ IN AT 43 AFTER THE.SCREEN
SWITCHER HAS BEEN POKED IN... A LINE
BY LINE ACCOUNT WOULD BE.LONGER THAN TH
E CODE, BUT HERE ARE A.FEW FACTS TO HELP
YOU STUDY THE CODE..THE TWO DIMENSIONAL
ARRAY B IS USED TO.STORE THE NUMBERS WH
ICH SIMULATE THE.DECK. THE FIRST DIMENS
ION CORRESPONDS.TO THE BOARD POSITION AN
D THE SECOND.TO THE CARDS AT THAT POSITI
ON WITH THE.TOP CARD LAST. THE ARRAY C
KEEPS A.COUNT OF THE NUMBER OF CARDS IN
THE.PILE, THE ARRAYS X AND Y STORE THE.S
CREEN COORDINATES OF THE PILES..... W
HEN THE GAME STARTS THERE ARE.TEN CARDS
IN EACH OF THE PILES 5.THROUGH 8, AND 12
CARDS IN THE STOCK,.9. I ORIGINALLY PL
ANNED TO DO ALL.THIS WITH ONE ARRAY, BUT
FOUND IT.EASIER TO USE FOUR AFTER TYPIN
G.THINGS LIKE B(I,B(10,I))... AFTER T
HE TITLE SCREENS HAVE RUN,.THE SMALL GRO
UP OF LINES OF CODE FROM.460 TO 999, TOG
ETHER WITH THE 10.LINES IN SUB 210 AND S
UB 140 DO MOST.OF THE WORK, BUT MORE IMP
ORTANT THAN.THE LENGTH OF THE CODE IS TH
E FACT.THAT MOST OF THE WORK IS WITH NUM
BERS.RATHER THAN WITH STRINGS..... TH
E SCREEN SWITCHER WAS LOADED.UNDER THE F
IRST SCREEN MOSTLY TO.SUPPORT MY ARGUMEN
T THAT IF YOU ARE.COMPELLED TO USE A SHO
RT ML ROUTINE,.IT SHOULD BE POKED IN, NO
T LOADED.FROM DISK...EDITOR'S NOTE: OKAY
, OKAY! SHORT.ROUTINES CAN BE POKED IN.
.. THE GOSUB127 AFTER THE THIRD.SCREE
N IS USED ONLY TO SHOW THAT.OTHER STUFF
COULD BE DONE....... FENDER TUCKER SA
ID IN BASICS #51:.. ... NOW THAT THE C
64 IS IN ITS. SIXTH YEAR, WE HAVE REAC
HED A. LEVEL OF SOPHISTICATION THAT.
ALMOST 'DEMANDS' THAT PROGRAMS. HAVE
THESE FEATURES. IF YOUR. PROGRAM HAS
NO SPRITES, CUSTOM. CHARACTERS OR ML R
OUTINES, SEND. IT TO A MAGAZINE...
AS I SAID IN II, PROGRAMS FOR THE.C-64 S
EEM TO HAVE EVOLVED BY."BORROWING" CODE,
NOT ALWAYS GOOD.CODE. I BELIEVE THAT T
HE FUTURE OF.C-64 PROGRAMS IS NOW FIRMLY
IN THE.HANDS OF LOADSTAR.... IN THE
HISTORY OF COMPUTE!S.GAZETTE, THE OLDEST
C-64 MAGAZINE, IF.ANY STYLE HAS EVOLVED
, IT IS THAT ML.SEEMS TO HAVE WON. IN T
HE TWO YEARS.OF THEIR DISKS THAT I OWN,
THE BASIC.PROGRAMS WOULD ALL HAVE TO BE.
DRAMATICALLY IMPROVED TO MAKE IT IN.LS.
FENDER OFTEN POINTS OUT THE.UNDENIABLE
FACT THAT MAGAZINES PREFER.BARE BONES PR
OGRAMS BECAUSE THEY ARE.EASIER TO TYPE..
. IN SPITE OF ALL MY PROTESTS IN.THES
E COLUMNS, I DO NOT DISAGREE WITH.OUR ED
ITOR IN PRINCIPLE. BUT I DO.WANT TO SEE
BASIC REMAIN THE LANGUAGE.OF LOADSTAR.
I DO WANT TO AVOID.COMPILED PROGRAMS AN
D, IN SO FAR AS.PRACTICAL, ML ROUTINES..
WHEN A PROGRAM MUST BE COMPILED,.I D
O WANT TO BE FURNISHED THE.UNCOMPILED CO
DE. WHEN SHORT ML.ROUTINES ARE UNAVOIDAB
LE, I DO WANT.TO SEE THEM POKED IN. I D
O WANT TO.SEE THE SET-UP WORK IN ALL OUR
.PROGRAMS DIVIDED INTO SHORT SEGMENTS.AN
D PERFORMED WHILE WE LOOK AT.SOMETHING B
ESIDES PLEASE WAIT ... ... IF WE CAN
IMPROVE OUR PROGRAMMING.TECHNIQUES AND D
EVELOP NEW, MORE.EFFICIENT ROUTINES, WE
WILL HAVE A.BETTER CHANCE OF MEETING THE
SE GOALS... IN BASICS ON #55, JEFF JO
NES.QUOTES FENDER'S POSTULATE: "ANY TAS
K.THAT IS REPEATED MORE THAN TWICE IN A.
PROGRAM DESERVES A SUBROUTINE.".. AS
YOU MAY HAVE GUESSED, I USE.SUBROUTINES
FOR MANY REASONS, AMONG.WHICH ARE EASE I
N TRANSPORTING FROM.ONE PROGRAM TO THE O
THER, EASE IN.TESTING, EASE IN EDITING A
ND EASE IN.ALLOTING TIME FOR SET-UP ROUT
INES. I.FIRMLY BELIEVE THAT BETTER USE
OF.SUBROUTINES WOULD HELP OUR CODE...
IN REGARDS TO WORKING BEHIND.SCREENS, W
E COULD ADD A LINE AT THE.BOTTOM TO INFO
RM THE RAPID READER WHY.HE MUST WAIT AND
THEN FLASH ANY KEY.WHEN THE WORK IS COM
PLETE. ON REALLY.BIG JOBS, LET'S PRINT
A NICE.INTRODUCTION ON THE SCREEN WHILE
WE.WAIT.... IF ANY OF YOU AGREE WITH
ANY OF MY.GOALS, PLEASE HELP ME. FENDER
WILL.UNDOUBTEDLY HAVE THE FINAL SAY.BEC
AUSE, AS WE TEACHERS SAY, "HE HAS.THE RE
D PENCIL." BUT IF HIS MIND WAS.CLOSED,
HE WOULD NEVER HAVE GIVEN ME.THIS SOAP B
OX. LONG LIVE THE C-64,.BASIC AND LOADS
TAR... **** END OF TEXT ****.
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