BASIC TUTORING
FILE INFORMATION
FILENAME(S): BASIC TUTORING
FILE TYPE(S): PRG
FILE SIZE: 28.2K
FIRST SEEN: 2025-10-20 14:30:19
APPEARS ON: 1 disk(s)
FILE HASH
059e021140b008135a7b9e3cf575acc80f9753767a99e136d0dd14ad81fb4e77
FOUND ON DISKS (1 DISKS)
| DISK TITLE | FILENAME | FILE TYPE | COLLECTION | TRACK | SECTOR | ACTIONS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PB DOMAIN 0031ED | BASIC TUTORING | PRG | Treasure Chest - Klaus Der Suhler | 16 | 1 | DOWNLOAD FILE |
FILE CONTENT & ANALYSIS
> DETECTED: COMMODORE BASIC PROGRAM (LOAD ADDRESS $0801)
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00006890: 20 DD 20 C7 C9 D6 C5 D3 A0 D9 20 C3 C8 C1 D2 C1 | . ....... .....|
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000068E0: C0 C0 C0 C0 C0 B1 C0 C0 C0 C0 C0 C0 C0 C0 C0 C0 |................|
000068F0: C0 C0 C0 C0 C0 C0 C0 C0 C0 C0 C0 22 3A 83 22 D7 |...........":.".|
00006900: 49 54 48 20 54 48 45 53 45 20 20 53 54 52 49 4E |ITH THESE STRIN|
00006910: 47 20 20 53 54 41 54 45 4D 45 4E 54 53 2C 20 57 |G STATEMENTS, W|
00006920: 45 20 43 41 4E 22 00 FC 71 F3 00 83 22 46 4F 52 |E CAN"..q..."FOR|
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00006980: 22 44 49 4D 45 4E 53 49 4F 4E 20 49 54 20 41 53 |"DIMENSION IT AS|
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000069D0: 4E 22 3A 83 22 48 4F 4C 44 20 55 50 20 54 4F 20 |N":."HOLD UP TO |
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00006A40: 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | |
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00006B20: 57 49 4C 4C 20 4E 45 45 44 22 3A 83 22 4F 55 52 |WILL NEED":."OUR|
00006B30: 20 53 54 52 49 4E 47 20 41 52 52 41 59 2E 20 20 | STRING ARRAY. |
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00006B80: 22 53 48 4F 57 20 41 4C 4C 20 49 4E 50 55 54 20 |"SHOW ALL INPUT |
00006B90: 54 4F 20 54 48 45 20 20 4B 45 59 42 4F 41 52 44 |TO THE KEYBOARD|
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00006BD0: 49 47 48 54 59 22 3A 83 22 43 48 41 52 41 43 54 |IGHTY":."CHARACT|
00006BE0: 45 52 53 20 4D 41 58 49 4D 55 4D 2C 20 41 4E 44 |ERS MAXIMUM, AND|
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00006C00: 3A 83 22 27 5C 27 20 4B 45 59 2C 20 41 4C 4C 20 |:."'\' KEY, ALL |
00006C10: 54 48 45 20 49 4E 50 55 54 20 20 57 49 4C 4C 20 |THE INPUT WILL |
00006C20: 42 45 20 53 48 4F 57 4E 2E 22 3A 83 22 20 31 30 |BE SHOWN.":." 10|
00006C30: 20 C4 C9 CD A0 D7 D0 24 28 39 39 39 29 20 20 20 | ......$(999) |
00006C40: 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | |
00006C50: 20 20 20 22 3A 83 22 20 32 30 20 C6 CF D2 A0 C9 | ":." 20 .....|
00006C60: 3D A0 30 20 D4 CF A0 39 39 39 20 20 20 20 20 20 |=.0 ...999 |
00006C70: 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 22 00 54 | ".T|
00006C80: 75 F7 00 83 22 20 33 30 20 C9 CE D0 D5 D4 20 D7 |u..." 30 ..... .|
00006C90: D0 24 28 A0 C9 A0 29 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |.$(...) |
00006CA0: 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 22 3A 83 22 20 | ":." |
00006CB0: 34 30 20 C9 C6 A0 CC C5 C6 D4 24 28 A0 D7 D0 24 |40 .......$(...$|
00006CC0: 28 C9 29 2C 20 31 20 29 20 3D 20 C3 C8 D2 24 28 |(.), 1 ) = ...$(|
00006CD0: 39 32 29 20 20 22 3A 83 22 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |92) ":." |
00006CE0: 20 20 D4 C8 C5 CE A0 31 30 30 20 20 20 20 20 20 | .....100 |
00006CF0: 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 22 | "|
00006D00: 3A 83 22 20 35 30 20 CE C5 D8 D4 A0 C9 A0 A0 A0 |:." 50 .........|
00006D10: A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 |................|
00006D20: A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 22 3A 83 22 20 31 30 |.........":." 10|
00006D30: 30 20 C6 CF D2 A0 CA 3D A0 31 20 D4 CF A0 39 39 |0 .....=.1 ...99|
00006D40: 39 3A 20 D0 D2 C9 CE D4 A0 D7 D0 24 28 CA 29 20 |9: ........$(.) |
00006D50: 20 20 20 22 00 2A 76 F8 00 83 22 20 31 31 30 20 | ".*v..." 110 |
00006D60: C9 C6 A0 CC C5 C6 D4 24 28 A0 D7 D0 24 28 C9 29 |.......$(...$(.)|
00006D70: 2C 20 31 29 20 3D 20 C3 C8 D2 24 28 39 32 29 20 |, 1) = ...$(92) |
00006D80: 20 22 3A 83 22 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 D4 C8 | ":." ..|
00006D90: C5 CE A0 C5 CE C4 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |...... |
00006DA0: 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 22 3A 83 22 20 | ":." |
00006DB0: 31 32 30 A0 CE C5 D8 D4 A0 CA A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 |120.............|
00006DC0: A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 |................|
00006DD0: A0 A0 A0 A0 A0 22 3A 83 22 D4 48 49 53 20 50 52 |.....":.".HIS PR|
00006DE0: 4F 47 52 41 4D 20 53 45 47 4D 45 4E 54 20 43 4F |OGRAM SEGMENT CO|
00006DF0: 55 4C 44 20 42 45 20 20 55 53 45 44 20 41 53 22 |ULD BE USED AS"|
00006E00: 3A 83 22 54 48 45 20 46 52 41 4D 45 20 4F 46 20 |:."THE FRAME OF |
00006E10: 41 20 4C 41 52 47 45 52 20 20 57 4F 52 44 20 20 |A LARGER WORD |
00006E20: 50 52 4F 43 45 53 53 4F 52 22 00 00 77 F9 00 83 |PROCESSOR"..w...|
00006E30: 22 50 52 4F 47 52 41 4D 2C 20 C6 4F 52 20 45 58 |"PROGRAM, .OR EX|
00006E40: 41 4D 50 4C 45 2E 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |AMPLE. |
00006E50: 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 22 3A 83 22 CC 49 4E 45 20 | ":.".INE |
00006E60: 31 30 20 43 52 45 41 54 45 53 20 41 20 53 54 52 |10 CREATES A STR|
00006E70: 49 4E 47 20 41 52 52 41 59 20 4F 46 20 31 30 30 |ING ARRAY OF 100|
00006E80: 30 22 3A 83 22 53 54 52 49 4E 47 53 20 4D 41 58 |0":."STRINGS MAX|
00006E90: 49 4D 55 4D 2E 20 D7 45 20 54 48 45 4E 20 55 53 |IMUM. .E THEN US|
00006EA0: 45 20 41 20 4C 4F 4F 50 20 54 4F 22 3A 83 22 46 |E A LOOP TO":."F|
00006EB0: 49 4C 4C 20 55 50 20 4F 55 52 20 41 52 52 41 59 |ILL UP OUR ARRAY|
00006EC0: 2E 20 D2 D5 CE 20 54 48 45 20 50 52 4F 47 52 41 |. ... THE PROGRA|
00006ED0: 4D 20 41 4E 44 22 3A 83 22 CE 4F 57 20 57 48 45 |M AND":.".OW WHE|
00006EE0: 4E 20 20 57 45 20 52 55 4E 20 54 48 45 20 20 50 |N WE RUN THE P|
00006EF0: 52 4F 47 52 41 4D 2C 20 57 45 20 57 49 4C 4C 22 |ROGRAM, WE WILL"|
00006F00: 00 D6 77 FA 00 83 22 57 45 27 4C 4C 20 53 45 45 |..w..."WE'LL SEE|
00006F10: 20 54 48 45 20 27 3F 27 20 50 52 4F 4D 50 54 20 | THE '?' PROMPT |
00006F20: 43 41 55 53 45 44 20 42 59 20 54 48 45 22 3A 83 |CAUSED BY THE":.|
00006F30: 22 C9 CE D0 D5 D4 20 53 54 41 54 45 4D 45 4E 54 |"..... STATEMENT|
00006F40: 2E 20 20 C1 46 54 45 52 20 54 59 50 49 4E 47 20 |. .FTER TYPING |
00006F50: 41 20 47 52 4F 55 50 22 3A 83 22 4F 46 20 43 48 |A GROUP":."OF CH|
00006F60: 41 52 41 43 54 45 52 53 20 41 4E 44 20 48 49 54 |ARACTERS AND HIT|
00006F70: 54 49 4E 47 20 52 45 54 55 52 4E 2C 20 20 54 48 |TING RETURN, TH|
00006F80: 45 22 3A 83 22 50 52 4F 47 52 41 4D 20 57 49 4C |E":."PROGRAM WIL|
00006F90: 4C 20 54 48 45 4E 20 43 48 45 43 4B 2C 20 55 53 |L THEN CHECK, US|
00006FA0: 49 4E 47 20 54 48 45 20 C9 C6 2D 22 3A 83 22 D4 |ING THE ..-":.".|
00006FB0: C8 C5 CE 20 53 54 41 54 45 4D 45 4E 54 2C 20 54 |... STATEMENT, T|
00006FC0: 4F 20 47 45 54 20 57 48 45 54 48 45 52 20 4F 52 |O GET WHETHER OR|
00006FD0: 20 20 4E 4F 54 22 00 AC 78 FB 00 83 22 54 48 45 | NOT"..x..."THE|
00006FE0: 20 20 31 53 54 20 43 48 41 52 41 43 54 45 52 20 | 1ST CHARACTER |
00006FF0: 20 4F 46 20 54 48 45 20 53 54 52 49 4E 47 20 49 | OF THE STRING I|
00007000: 53 20 41 22 3A 83 22 27 5C 27 2E 20 20 C9 46 20 |S A":."'\'. .F |
00007010: 49 54 20 49 53 20 54 48 45 20 20 50 52 4F 47 52 |IT IS THE PROGR|
00007020: 41 4D 20 57 49 4C 4C 20 20 45 58 49 54 22 3A 83 |AM WILL EXIT":.|
00007030: 22 54 48 45 20 46 49 52 53 54 20 20 C6 CF D2 2D |"THE FIRST ...-|
00007040: CE C5 D8 D4 20 4C 4F 4F 50 20 41 4E 44 20 45 4E |.... LOOP AND EN|
00007050: 54 45 52 20 54 48 45 22 3A 83 22 32 4E 44 2C 20 |TER THE":."2ND, |
00007060: 57 48 49 43 48 20 20 57 49 4C 4C 20 20 50 52 49 |WHICH WILL PRI|
00007070: 4E 54 20 20 4F 55 54 20 20 41 4C 4C 20 20 54 48 |NT OUT ALL TH|
00007080: 45 22 3A 83 22 4C 49 4E 45 53 20 57 45 20 48 41 |E":."LINES WE HA|
00007090: 44 20 54 59 50 45 44 20 49 4E 2E 20 20 20 20 20 |D TYPED IN. |
000070A0: 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 22 00 00 00 | "... |
..7....53281,.:.53280,11:.G(14)G(8)"...P
LEASE CHOOSE....V...."..1 .---.> .ANNOUN
CMENT!.}....".2 .---.> .NORTHWEST BASIC
TUTOR......A$:.A$."".3......A$."2".73...
...A$.."1".3.P....".. DISK HE
LPER 5.0......" ..... ......
....:...." .(.C.) .M.AY .18., .1987 .
- .C.HRIS .M.C.G.UIRE":.X.1.3000:.._....
"... DISK HELPER 5.0......"
..... ...... .........". .
D.ISK .H.ELPER 5.0 OFFERS A HUGE......."
SELECTION OF DISK FUNCTIONS.,. SOME..
....." .23. TO CHOOSE FROM... LETS TAKE
A LOOK....;....". .PRESS ANY KEY
TO CONTINUE.C....". ..... ... ...
.. .........|....198,.:.198,1:.198,.....
.."... DISK HELPER 5.0.D...."
..... ...... ........."
.THE FOLLOWING IS A LIST......"
OF THE OPTIONS ON.=...." .D.IS
K .H.ELPER 5.0'S .1.ST MENU...E...."....
......DISK.DIRECTORY..............."....
......FORMAT.DISK.................."....
......INITIALIZE.DISK.DRIVE........"....
......RENAME.FILE.................."....
......VALIDATE.DISK...........-...."....
......SCRATCH.FILE............U...."....
......UNSCRATCH.FILES.........}...."....
......ERROR.STATUS................."....
......COPY.FILE/SAME.DISK.....L...."....
......COPY.FILE/ANOTHER.DISK... ..".....
.....LOCK/UNLOCK.DISK..........!..".....
.....LOCK/UNLOCK.FILES.......D."..".....
.....RENAME.DISK.HEADER......L.#..".....
.....RENAME.DISK.ID............$..".
.PRESS ANY KEY TO CONTINUE...%..".
..... ... ... .. .........V.&..198,.
:.198,1:.198,....'.."... DISK
HELPER 5.0...(.." ..... ....
.. ....E.).." .THE FOLLOWING IS A
LIST.H.*.." OF THE OPTIONS ON
...+.." .D.ISK .H.ELPER 5.0'S .2.ND
MENU.....,.."..........ALPHABETIZE.DIRE
CTORY.....-.."..........SQUEEZE.DIRECTOR
Y............"..........VIEW.DISK.BAM...
........7./.."..........TOTAL.DISK.ERASE
........_.0.."..........DISK.ERROR.CHECK
ER........1.."..........START.&.END.ADDR
ESSES.....2.."..........SPIN.DISK.DRIVE.
........W.3.."..........READ.A.SEQ.FILE.
..........4.."..........DIVIDE.A.SEQ.FIL
E.......(.5..". .PRESS ANY KEY TO
CONTINUE.P.6..". ..... ... ... ..
.........I.7..198,.:.198,1:.198,....8.."
... DISK HELPER 5.0...9.."
..... ...... ......:.." .YOU
CAN DOWNLOAD .D.ISK .H.ELPER 5.0...;.."
ON .Q-LINK. BY GOING TO .CIN..9.<
.." AND CHOOSING .SOFTWARE LIBRARIES.
..I.=.." THEN CHOOSE .DOWNLOAD A SPECIF
IC FILE.....>.."..HERE'S THE INFO YOU'LL
NEED.:...?.."..FILENAME.: "G(34)"DISK H
ELPER 5.0"G(34)...@..".UPLOADER.: JIMMY
PAGE...A..". .WRITE THIS INFORMATION D
OWN BEFORE.6.B.." GETTING ON.-.LINE
TO DOWNLOAD...[.C.."..
.SINCERELY,...D..".
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:..8)"THIS PROGRAM INTRODUCES":..17)".BA
SIC":..14)".PROGRAMMING..":." ********
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:.".";:.:."..F1 - ADVANCE PAGE F3 - B
ACK PAGE":."..F5 - MENU
";.~.N.Z$."MENU ":PA.
1:.".":..1)"FILE: "Z$.28)"PAGE"PA"OF 1":
."....":.T.1.8:." "A$(T):.X$:....O..A$:.
A$."".79. .P..A$.".".146...Q..A$.".".153
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.".".174...U..A$.".".181...V..A$.".".188
...W..A$."."..64738...X..79...Y..1,5,3,6
,4,8,4,3:."F1 - SIMPLE VARIABLES AND ARR
AYS ":."F2 - MATH AND RELATIONAL OP
ERATIONS ":."F3 - OUTPUT TO THE SCREEN
":."F4 - DECISIONS USING BA
SIC ":."F5 - MORE COMPLEX ARR
AYS WITH STRINGS ".Z.Z.."F6 - CONTROL TH
E FLOW OF YOUR PROGRAM ":."F7 - INTERACT
IONS WITH USER ":."F8 - QUIT
":.".VARIABLE
S. ARE NAMES GIVEN TO DATA IN A":."BASIC
PROGRAM. THE CONCEPT IS AN EASY"...[..
"ONE TO UNDERSTAND. FOR EXAMPLE: "
:."
":." 10 A=4 :REM A IS EQUAL T
O 4":." 20 B=5 :REM B IS EQUAL
TO 5":." 30 C=A+B :REM C IS EQU
AL TO 9"...\.."
":."LINE 10 ASSIGNS THE NUM
ERIC VALUE OF 4":."TO VARIABLE A. LINE
20 ASSIGNS B WITH":."THE NUMERIC VALUE O
F 5. LINE 30 ADDS":."THE VARIABLES 'A
' AND 'B' AND PLACES".^.].."THE SUM INT
O NEWLY CREATED VARIABLE":."'C'. THE
.REM.ARK AT THE END OF EACH IS":."TO MA
KE THE PROGRAM EASIER TO READ AND":."IS
IGNORED BY THE COMPUTER. A VARIABLE":."N
AME CAN HAVE ONE TO THREE CHARACTERS.".:
.^.."THE OPTIONS ARE:
":."
":." .1. .2. .3._.. THE THIRD
CHARACTER ":." ^ ^ MUST BE
A '%' OR '$' ":." . .
"..._.." . ... THE
SECOND CHARACTER CAN BE":." . LE
TTER (A-Z) OR (0-9) ":." .
":." .. THE
FIRST CHARACTER CAN ONLY BE ":." L
ETTER (A-Z) "...`.."
":.
"THE THIRD CHARACTER IS USE TO IDENFY"
:."WHETHER THE VARIABLE IS ALPHANUMERI
C":."OR A NUMERIC INTEGER.
":."( $=ALPHANUMERIC %=NUMERIC INTE
GER )"...A.."A VARIABLE NAME CAN HAVE MO
RE THAN TWO":."CHARACTERS, BUT THE COMMO
DORE COMPUTER":."WILL ONLY RECOGNIZE
THE FIRST TWO.":."
":." NAME=7
NASA=6 "...B.." ........
........ ":." . ..
.................. . ":." .
. COMPUTER READS AS. . ":." ..
... NA=7 AS NA=6 ..... ":."
.................... ".L C..
" "
:."NOTE: THERE ARE TWO VARIABLES THAT TH
E":." COMMODORE COMPUTER RESERVED
FOR":." SYSTEM USE. AND THEY ARE
.TI.ME":." AND .ST.ATUS. DO NOT US
E THESE. ".D!D.."
":.".ARRAY. IS A LIST
OF DATA THAT USUALLY":."CONTAINS INFORM
ATION THAT IS RELATED.":."INSTEAD OF
ASSIGNING A VARIABLE TO":."EACH CHARAC
TER OF DATA, WE GROUP THEM".."E.."TOGET
HER INTO AN ARRAY. ":."FOR
EXAMPLE: ":."
":.
" SCORES OF FIVE TEST: 90,72,87,92,88 "
:."
".."F.." INSTEAD OF USING VARIABLES:
":." A0=90:A1=72:A2=87:A3=92:A
4=88 ":." WE USE AN ARRAY:
":." DIM A(4)
":."
".H#G.."NOTE: DIM IS THE
SYSTEM WORD THAT SETS":."UP AN ARRAY.
":.".DATA. ARE P
LACE INTO AN ARRAY BY USING":."THE READ.
..DATA STATEMENTS. ":."
"..$H.."
10 DIM A(4) ":.
" 20 FOR T=0 TO 4 "
:." 30 READ A(T)
":." 40 NEXT T
":." 50 DATA 90,72,87,92,88
".T%I.."
":."LINE 10 SET UPS AN ARRAY
WITH 5 MEMB-":."ERS IN IT. LINE 20 SET
UP AN LOOP THAT":."WILL EXECUTE 5 TIME
S. LINE 30 READS":."THE DATA ON LINE 5
0 INTO THE 'A' AR-".J&J.."RAY. LINE 40
CONTINUES THE LOOP UNTIL":."T=4. LINE 5
0 IS WHERE THE DATA FOR THE":."FIVE TEST
SCORES ARE KEPT. ":."THERE A
RE BASICALLY TWO COMMANDS THAT":."A PRO
GRAMMER CAN USE TO INTERACT WITH".$'K..
"THE USERS IN A PROGRAM. ONE IS .INPUT
.":."AND THE OTHER IS .GET..
":."
":." ........................
":." .PROGRAM W/INPUT OR GET...
. "..'L.." ....................
.... . ":." ^ ...
.................. ":." .........
USERS INTERVENTION . ":."
..................... ":."
".P(M.."THE DIF
FERENCE BETWEEN INPUT AND GET":."IS TH
AT INPUT EXPECTS A RESPONSE AND":."THE
N A RETURN. WHILE GET EXECUTES IT":."A
S SOON AS A KEY IS HIT. ":.
"THE FORMAT FOR AN INPUT STATEMENT BE-"
..)N.."GINS WITH THE WORD INPUT FOLLOW
ED BY":."A VARIABLE NAME. SUCH AS:
":."
":." 10 INPUT A :REM ASK FOR
AN INPUT ":." 20 ....
".~*O.."
":."IF THIS PROGRAM W
AS EXECUTED: ":."
":." ? . . _.
A BLINKING CURSOR WILL BE":."
THERE UNTIL AN ENTRY PLUS".T+P.." ^
A RETURN IS ENTERED. ":."
. ":.
" .......... THE INPUT STATEMENT CAUSES"
:." A '?' TO BE GENERATED.
":."
".,,Q.."THE .GET. STATEMENT IS LIKE
THE INPUT":."STATEMENT, EXCEPT THAT IT
DOESN'T WAIT":."FOR AN ENTRY. THUS, I
N ORDER TO USE":."GET WE MUST SET UP AN
LOOP. SUCH AS: ":."
"..-R.." 10 GET A$
_................. ":." 20 IF A$=C
HR$(32) THEN 40 .. . ":." 30 GOTO
10 ...... ":." 40 ...
. _......... ":."
".X-S..
"LINE 10 GETS A CHARACTER FROM THE KEY-"
:."BOARD. LINE 20 CHECKS TO SEE IF THE
":."SPACE BAR WAS PRESSED. IF SPACE B
AR ":."WAS NOT PRESSED THEN LINE 30 SENT
THE ":."PROGRAM BACK TO LINE 10, IF
IT WAS"...T.."THEN LINE 20 SENT THE PRO
GRAM TO 40. ":."AN .ARITHMETIC OPERATOR
. DEFINES A MATH-":."AMATIC OPERATION SU
CH AS ADDITION (+),":."SUBTRACTION (-),
MULTIPLICATION (*) ,":."DIVISION (/),
OR EXPONENTIATION (^)."../U.."IN AN ARI
THMETIC OPERATION THE RESULT":."IS ALWA
YS STORED IN THE RIGHT SIDE. ":."
":." C
= A + B D = E * F G = H / J ":."
^ ..... ^ ..... ^ ..... ".^
0V.." ....... ....... .......
":."
":.".ORDER OF OPERATIONS:. AN EXPRE
SSION MAY":."HAVE MULTIPLE OPERATIONS SU
CH AS: ":." MM = A / B + ( 2 * C)
- E ".41W.."IN THIS CASE THE
COMPUTER PROCESSES":."THE STATEMENT IN
A FIXED SEQUENCE. ":."THE SEQUENCE TH
E COMPUTER PROCESS FOR":."MULTIPLE EXPR
ESSION ARE: ":." ..........
.......................... "..2X.." . OR
DER . DISCRIPTION . EXAMPLE . ":." ..
.................................. ":."
.1. ^ . EXPONENTIAION . BASE^EXP . ":.
" .2. - . NEGATION . -N . "
:." .3. / . DIVISION . A / B .
"..2Y.." . * . MULTIPLICATION. C *
D . ":." .4. + . ADDITION . A
+ B . ":." . - . SUBTRACTION .
C - D . ":." ........................
............ ":."NOTE: THIS ORDER CAN BE
OVERWRITTEN BY"..3Z.."USING PARENTHESES
AROUND AN OPERATION.":."EXAMPLE: NA=(A+
B)*C THE PARANTHESES":."AROUND A + B
MAKE IT A SUBEXPRESSION. ":.".RELATIONAL
OPERATORS. ARE USED TO COM-":."PARE TW
O OPERANDS. SUCH AS: "..4{.."
7 > 6 GREATER THAN > ":.
" 8 < 1 LESS THAN < "
:." 5 = 5 EQUAL TO =
":." 7 <> 9 NOT EQUAL TO <>
":." 4 >= 6 GREATER OR EQUAL TO
>= ".D5|.." 3 <= 2 LESS OR EQUAL T
O <= ":."WHEN A CONDITION OF TRUE
IS DETECTED":."BY THE COMPUTER AS IN 7
> 6 A (-1) IS":."PRODUCED. IF A COND
ITION IS FALSE AS":."IN '3 <= 2', A (0)
IS PRODUCED. ".:6}.."
":."NOTE: LETT
ER (A-Z) CAN BE COMPARE FOR":."ALL THE R
ELATIONAL OPERATORS ABOVE. ":."THERE O
RDER IS : A<B B<C C<D D<E ... ":."THE E
ASIEST WAY TO WRITE DATA ON THE"..7~..
"SCREEN IS WITH THE .PRINT. STATEMENT
.":."IF WE WANT TO WRITE THE WORD ' HELL
O'":."WE WOULD WRITE IN OUR BASIC PROGRA
M. ":." 10 ? 'HELLO' :REM (?) = PRIN
T ":."IF WE WANT TO DISPLAY A VAR
IABLE WE"..7.."WOULD WRITE:
":." 10 A=19 :REM
SET VARIALBE A ":." 20 ? A :RE
M PRINT A ":."WE CAN ALSO MIX
TEXT AND VARIABLE. ":." 10 A=19
:REM SET A TO 19 "..8..." 20 B$='
HELLO' :REM SET STRING B$ ":." 30 ?
A, B$ :REM PRINT A AND B$ ":."NOTE:
IF YOU WERE TYPING THE ABOVE IN":."TO T
HE COMPUTER, YOU SHOULD USE SHIFT":."2
AND NOT SHIFT 7 FOR THE ('). "..9
..."IF WE USE A ',' IN BETWEEN VARIAB
LE":."IN A PRINT STATEMENT WE WOULD SKI
P 9 ":."SPACE BETWEEN THE TWO VARIABLE
ON THE":."SCREEN. FOR EXAMPLE:
":." 10 A=3 :REM SET A
TO 3 ".I:..." 20 B=5 :REM
SET B TO 5 ":." 30 PRINT A,B :RE
M PRINT A AND B ":."ON THE OUTPUT IT
WOULD LOOK LIKE THIS":."
":." 3 5
".?;..."IF WE CH
ANGE LINE 30 TO PRINT A;B ":."THE OU
TPUT WOULD LOOK LIKE THIS ":."
":." 3
5 ":."
NOTE: COMMAS (,) SKIP 9 SPACES ".
.<..." SEMICOLON (;) SKIP 2 SPACES
":."THE OTHER WAY TO WRITE SOMETH
ING ON":."THE SCREEN IS WITH THE .POKE.
STATEMENT":."BASICALLY, A POKE COMMAND
PUTS A VAL-":."UE INTO A SPECIFIED ME
MORY LOCAITON."..<..."THE FORMAT FOR POK
E STATEMENT IS: ":." POKE MEM,VAL
":." ^ ^
":." . .
. VAL IS THE DATA WE WANT ":." .
TO WRITE INTO MEMORY AT MEM".C=..."
. ":."
.. MEM IS THE MEMORY LOCATION ":."
WHERE VAL WILL BE PUT INTO. ":
."
":."NOTE: MEM MUST BE IN THE NUMERIC RAN
GE"..>..."OF 0 TO 65536 AND VAL MUST BE
BETWEEN":."0 AND 255.
":."WITH POKE WE CAN CHANGE T
HE BORDER OF":."THE SCREEN TO ANOTHER C
OLOR BY POKING":."AT LOCATION 53280 WIT
H A COLOR FROM 0".O?..."TO 15. WE CAN
CHANGE THE BACKGROUND":."COLOR BY REPLA
CING MEM WITH 53281 AND":."AND VAL WI
TH A NUMBER FROM 0 TO 15.":."BY USING
THE PRINT STATEMENT WE CAN":."CHANGE
THE COLOR OF THE TEXT ON THE".I@..."SC
REEN. PRINT '.E.' THIS WILL CHANGE THE":
."CURSOR AND THE TEXT TO WHITE COLOR.
":."WE CAN CLEAR THE SCREEN IN OUR PROGR
AM":."BY USING ON OF THESE THREE STATEME
NTS.":." 10 PRINT '. . _.. SHIFT CLR HOM
E KEY "..A..." 10 PRINT CHR$(147)
":." 10 SYS 58692
":."NOTE: REPLACE ' WITH
QUOTES AT SHIFT 2":."BY PLACING THE CU
RSORS INSIDE A QUOTE":."ON A PRINT STATE
MENT WE CAN PRINT THE"..A..."DATA ANYWH
ERE ON THE SCREEN. ANOTHER":."WAY WE C
AN WRITE DATA ON THE SCREEN IS":."WITH T
HE POKE STATEMENT. THIS IS POS-":."SIBL
E BECAUSE THE SCREEN LOC IS STORED":."IN
MEMORY AT 1024 TO 2023. AND IF WE".KB
..."WANT TO PRINT DATA ON TOP OF THE S
C-":."REEN WE WOULD [ POKE 1024,VAL ] (V
AL =":."IS A NUMBER FROM 0 TO 255, 0=@ 1
=A 2=B":."SEE USERS MANUAL UNDER SCREEN
DISPLAY":."CODES. BESIDES THE SCREEN DI
SPLAY CODE"..C..."THERE IS THE SCREEN C
OLOR MEMORY AND":."IT WORK THE SAME WAY
AS SCREEN DISPLAY":."EXCEPT ITS MEMORY
LOCATION IS AT 55296":."TO 56295. EACH
ONE OF THE 1000 COLOR":."MEMORY CORRES
PONDS WITH THE 1000 DIS-".WD..."PLAY MEM
ORY. SO IF THE TOP OF THE SCR-":."EEN IS
LOCATION 1024 THEN THE COLOR":."MEMO
RY IS 55296, AND 1025 OF DISPLAY":."IS
55297 OF COLOR MEMORY, ETC. ":."
".
ME..." POKE 1024,0: POKE 55296,7
":."
":." THESE TWO STATEMENT WILL PUT
A '@' AT":." TOP OF THE SCREEN AND IT WI
LL BE YEL-":." LOW COLOR.
".#F..."
":."THE NUMBER WE POKE
INTO THE SCREEN CO-":."LOR MEMORY IS 0
TO 15. WITH 0 BEING":."THE COLOR BLAC
K, AND 1 AS WHITE, AND 2":."AS RED, AND
4 AS CYAN, ETC. "..G...TP(7),A
$(8):.T.0.7:.TP(T):.:.T.1.8:.A$(T):.:.FA
$(80),FB$(48),FC$(48),FD$(96):.FE$(64),F
G$(64),FF$(128):.T.1.80:.FA$(T):.:.T.1.4
8:.FB$(T):.:.T.1.48:.FC$(T):.:.T.1.96:.F
D$(T):.:.T.1.64:.FE$(T):.:.T.1.64:.FG$(T
):.:.T.1.128:.FF$(T):.:..WG..."..".7)"VA
RIABLES AND ARRAY ".32)PA.37)TP(1):SS.1:
EE.16:PA.1:KK.1..G..."..".32)PA"..":.T.S
S.EE:." "FA$(T):...G...A$:.A$."".148..G.
..A$.".".197..G...A$.".".195.CG...A$."."
.78.LG...148..H..."..".7)"MATH AND RELAT
IONAL ".32)PA.37)TP(2):SS.1:EE.16:PA.1:K
K.2.=H..."..".32)PA"..":.T.SS.EE:." "FC$
(T):..PH...A$:.A$."".155.`H...A$.".".197
.PH...A$.".".195.H...A$.".".78..H...155
.OH .."..".7)"OUTPUT TO SCREEN ".32)P
A.37)TP(3):SS.1:EE.16:PA.1:KK.3..H..."..
".32)PA"..":.T.SS.EE:." "FD$(T):...I...A
$:.A$."".162..I...A$.".".197.,I...A$."."
.195.;I...A$.".".78.DI...162..I..."..".7
)"DECISION WITH BASIC ".32)PA.37)TP(4):S
S.1:EE.16:PA.1:KK.4..I..."..".32)PA"..":
.T.SS.EE:." "FE$(T):..HI...A$:.A$."".169
.XI...A$.".".197..I...A$.".".195..I...A$
.".".78..J...169.GJ..."..".7)"MORE STRIN
GS/ARRAYS ".32)PA.37)TP(5):SS.1:EE.16:PA
.1:KK.5.QJ..."..".32)PA"..":.T.SS.EE:."
"FF$(T):...J...A$:.A$."".176..J...A$."."
.197..J...A$.".".195..J...A$.".".78..J..
.176..K..."..".7)"CONTROLLING BASIC ".
32)PA.37)TP(6):SS.1:EE.16:PA.1:KK.6.-K..
."..".32)PA"..":.T.SS.EE:." "FG$(T):..@K
...A$:.A$."".183.PK...A$.".".197.`K...A$
.".".195.OK...A$.".".78.XK...183..K...".
.".7)"INTERACTION W/USERS ".32)PA.37)TP(
7):SS.1:EE.16:PA.1:KK.7..K..."..".32)PA"
..":.T.SS.EE:." "FB$(T):...K...A$:.A$.""
.190..L...A$.".".197..L...A$.".".195.+LA
..A$.".".78.4LB..190.]LC..PA.1.SS.SS.16:
EE.EE.16:PA.PA.1:.200.TLD.."............
..........".11)".BEGINNING OF FILE":.S.1
.500:.:."......................".11)"
":.199..ME..TP(KK).PA.SS.S
S.16:EE.EE.16:PA.PA.1:.200.NMF..".......
...............".14)".END OF FILE":.S.1.
500:.:."......................".14)"
"..MG..KK.148,155,162,169,1
76,183,190..MH..KK.147,154,161,168,175,1
82,189..NI.."THE IF...THEN STATEMENT IS
WHAT GIVES":."BASIC ITS INTELLIGENCE AN
D IT WORKS AS":."ITS NAME IMPLIES:
.IF. A GIVEN":.".EXPRESSION., WHEN
EVALUATED TURNS OUT":."TO BE TRUE,
.THEN. DO SOMETHING, ".NOJ.."( USUALLY
BRANCHES OUT TO ANOTHER":."SECTION
OF THE PROGRAM ). THE":."FORMA
T OF THE IF-THEN STATEMENT IS: ":." .
IF. .<EXPRESSION>. .THEN. ..EITHER..
":." [LINE NUMBER] .OR. [BASIC STATEM
ENTS]".FPK.."IF WE WISH TO BRANCH AFTER
THE THEN ,":."WE CAN ALSO USE THE FOLL
OWING FORMAT:":." IF <EXPRESSION> .GOTO
. [LINE NUMBER].":."THE IF-THEN IS N
OT THE ONLY BASIC":."STATEMENT WHICH
NEEDS AN EXPRESSION."..QL.."IN GENERAL
THERE ARE 2 TYPES OF BASIC":."EXPRESSIO
NS , ARITHMETIC AND STRING":."EXPRESS
IONS. WE FORM BASIC EXPRESSIONS":."USING
CONSTANTS, VARIABLES, ARRAYS AND":."THE
OPERATORS OF BASIC. EXPRESSIONS"..QM
.."USUALLY HAVE 1 OR MORE OPERANDS, EAC
H":."OPERAND SEPARATED BY AN OPERATOR
TO":."MAKE THE EXPRESSION EQUAL TO A S
INGLE":."VALUE. EXAMPLES OF THE IF-THEN:
":." IF A=100 OR C+F=200 THEN
".HRN.." IF NOTX% AND A<>0 TH
EN ":."*** THE IF - THEN
AT WORK ***":."FIRST BASIC EVALUA
TES THE EXPRESSION.":."IF THE EXPRESSI
ON TURNS OUT TO BE":."TRUE, THEN THE
STATEMENTS FOLLOWING"..SO.."THE KEYW
ORD THEN ARE EXECUTED. IF":."THE EXP
RESSION TURNS OUT TO BE FALSE,":."THEN
BASIC WILL .SKIP TO THE NEXT LINE.":.".
NUMBER. AND WILL IGNORE ANYTHING .AFTER
.":."THE THEN. RECALL THAT AFTER THE T
HEN".ZTP.."WE MAY HAVE OTHER BASIC STAT
EMENTS OR":."A LINE NUMBER TO GO TO. EX
AMPLE: ":." 10 C=1
":." 20 IF C>0 THEN C=0:GOT
O 100 ":."LINE 10 SET THE VALUE
C TO 1. LINE 20".PUQ.."CHECKS TO SEE I
F C IS GREATER THAN 0,":."IF IT IS IT S
ETS C TO 0 AND BRANCHES":."TO 100. IF
C IS LESS THEN 0 THEN THE ":."NEXT LINE
AFTER 20 IS EXECUTED. ":."LET'S L
OOK AT ANOTHER EXAMPLE. ".&VR.."L
ET US CLEAR THE SCREEN EACH TIME":.
"TI * C > 10000, AND TI IS THE TIMER"
:."VARIABLE AND C IS OUR COUNTER
.":."AND IF C>100 C IS RESET. FINALLY
IF":."IF TI>100 THEN WE WILL JUMP TO 25
00. "..VS.."50 IF TI*C > 10000 THEN PRI
NTCHR$(147)":."60 IF C > 100 THEN C=0
":."70 IF TI>100 THEN 2500
":."EACH TIME TI >100 THE
NEXT 2 IF-THEN'S":."WOULD BE SKIPPED!
".RWT.."
":."
":."
":."
":."
"..XU..
" "
:."
":."
":."
":."IN ADDITION TO THE IF..THEN, I
F..GOTO".~YV.."STATEMENTS, THESE BASIC S
TATEMENTS CAN":."ALSO CAUSE BRANCHING TO
OTHER PARTS OF":."BASIC PROGRAMS: GOT
O, GOSUB/RETURN,":."ON-GOTO/GOUSUB, FOR
/NEXT. ":."BASIC PROGRAMS US
UALLY EXECUTE ALL THE".TZW.."STATEMENTS
OF A PROGRAM IN ASCENDING":."ORDER. B
UT OFTEN WE WANT TO OVERRIDE":."THIS OR
DER. FOR EXAMPLE, WE COULD FORM":."SIMPL
E LOOPS WITH THE GOTO STATEMENT:":." 10
I=0 ".*[X
.." 20 IF I < 1000 THEN 10
":." 30 GOTO 10
":."THIS SHORT ROUTINE CREATES A LI
ST OF":."1000 CONSECUTIVE NUMBERS STARTI
NG WITH":."ONE AND ENDING AFTER THE NUM
BER 1000."..\Y.."NOTICE THE SIMPLE FORM
AT OF THE GOTO:":."THE GOSUB/RETURN ST
ATEMENTS: OFTEN,":."STATEMENTS MAY BE
NEEDED MORE THAN":."ONCE IN A PROGRAM
. WE SHOULD DESIGNATE":."THIS SEQUENCE
OF STATEMENTS AS A"..\Z.."SUBROUTIN
E BY PLACING A RETURN .AFTER":."THE .
LAST STATEMENT. OF THIS SEQUENCE.":."WH
EN OUR PROGRAM NEEDS TO USE THIS":."
SEQUENCE AGAIN, WE JUST USE THE GOSUB":
."STATEMENT. .GOSUB. .[LINE NUMBER].
"..]..."ALSO .NEVER. FORGET THE .RET
URN. STATEMENT":."AFTER THE LAST LINE OF
THE SUBROUTINE.":."WHEN BASIC SEES TH
E GOSUB STATEMENT,":."IT STORES THE LINE
NUMBER OF THE LINE":."IN WHICH THE GO
SUB WAS FOUND. NEXT"..^..."THE PROGRA
M GOES TO THE GIVEN LINE AND":."CONTINUE
S PROGRAM EXECUTION FROM THAT":."LINE O
N UNTIL THE RETURN AT THE END OF":."THE
SUBROUTINE. ONCE IT HIT A RETURN":."ST
ATEMENT, THE PROGRAM .RECALLS. WHERE".
E_..."THE ORIGINAL GOSUB STATEMENT WAS
AND":."STARTS EXECUTING FROM THE FOL
LOWING":."LINE: ON/GOTO AND ON/GOSUB ST
ATEMENTS":."THE ON STATEMENT IS A VARI
ANT OF THE":."IF-THEN STATEMENT. AND TH
E FORMAT IS:".=`...".ON. .<VARIABLE>. .G
OTO. OR .GOSUB. ..":." ....[LIST OF LI
NE NUMBERS]. ":."THE ON STATEMENT
IS USED TO GOTO .1. OF":."SEVERAL GIVE
N LINE NUMBERS, DEPENDING":."UPON THE V
ALUE OF THE VARIABLE. "..A..."THE
FOR-TO-NEXT STATEMENT ALLOW US TO":."US
E VARIABLES AS COUNTERS. THE FORMAT ":."
IS: .FOR. .<VARIABLE>=. .<START>. TO .<L
IMIT>":.".[STEP <SIZE>]. ... .NEXT.. AN
EXAMPLE: ":." 20 FOR C = 1 TO 1000: PR
INT C: NEXT C"..A..."THIS LOOP DOES WH
AT THE EARLIER ONE":."DID: COUNT TO 100
0. BUT IT COUNTS MUCH":."MORE ELEGANTLY
. WE DID NOT USE STEP":."BECAUSE IT W
AS NOT NEEDED, BUT IT CAN":."BE VERY USE
FUL: SAY WE WANTED TO COUNT".JB..."BY FI
VES. ALL WE HAVE TO DO IS ADD THE":."STE
P TO LINE 20 FOR C=1 TO 1000 STEP 5":."N
OTICE OUR VARIABLE IS C, OUR STARTING":.
"NUMBER IS 1 AND OUR LIMIT IS 1000."
:."FINALLY REMEMBER TO PLACE THE NEXT A
T"..C..."THE END OF THE STATEMENT IN TH
E LOOP.":."THE NEXT INCREMENTS OUR VAR
IABLE AND":."SENDS THE PROGRAM BACK TO T
HE FOR-LOOP":."** COMPLEX ARRAYS AND STR
ING ARRAYS **":."AN .ARRAY. MAY BE DEF
INED TO HAVE MORE".{D..."THAN ONE DIMENS
ION USING THE BASIC DIM":."STATEMENT. TH
E FORMAT OF DIM IS: ":." .DIM. .<A
RRAY NAME>(MAXIMUM ELEMENTS).,":." <
NEXT ARRAY NAME>(MAX. ELTS.)... ":."WE M
AY DIM SEVERAL ARRAYS AT ONCE. ".QE..
."EXAMPLE: LET US SIMULATE A CHESSBOARD
":."USING THE TWO-DIMENSIONAL ARRAY, C
H.":."LET'S SAY A 1 REPRESENTS A PAWN ON
OUR":."BOARD, A 0 REPRESENTS NO PIECE
AND A":."2 REPRESENTS A PIECE OTHER THA
N A PAWN".'F..."ON OUR BOARD. NOW USING
THE FOR-NEXT":."STATEMENT, WE COULD E
ASILY INITIALIZE":."THE BOARD:
":." 10 DIM CH(7,7) :
REM DIMENSION CH ":." 20 FOR RO=2TO5:
FOR C0=0 TO 7 "..F..." 30 CH(RO,
CO)=0: NEXT CO: NEXT RO ":." 40 REM
NOW DO PAWNS. WATCH CAREFULLY!":." 50 FO
R RO=1TO6 STEP 5: FOR C0=0TO7 ":." 60
CH(RO,CO)=1: NEXT CO: NEXT RO ":." 7
0 REM NOW DO PIECES ".SG
..." 80 FOR RO=0TO7 STEP 7: FOR CO=0TO7
":." 90 CH(RO,C0)=2: NEXT CO: NEXT RO
":."THIS THE TOP 1/2 OF THE CHESSBOA
RD: ":." 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
":." 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
"..H..." 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 ":." 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 ":."OUR TRICK IN USING
THE STEP IN LINES":."100 AND 160 ALL
OWED US TO NUMBER ONLY":."THE SQUARES WE
WANTED, I.E. WE SKIPPED".I..."OVER THE
OTHER ROWS. NOTICE THE FOR-":."NEXT L
OOP WORKS VERY WELL WITH ARRAYS.":."WE
CAN DIM AN ARRAY TO HAVE MANY":."DI
MENSIONS. A 3 DIMENSIONAL EXAMPLE IS":."
SIMULATING A RUBIK'S CUBE WITH A 3 X 3".
UJ..."X 3 ARRAY. ANY PROGRAM WHICH
USES":."A MULTI-DIMENSIONAL SYSTEM WOUL
D WORK":."WELL WITH MULTI-DIMENSIONAL
ARRAYS.":."STRINGS: WE CAN SET A VARI
ABLE TO BE":."ALPHANUMERIC, A STRING BY
PUTTING A $".+K..."AFTER THE VARIABLE N
AME. NOW WE CAN":."SET THESE VARIABLE
S TO EQUAL STRINGS.":."A STRING, OR S
TRING CONSTANT, IS ANY":."GROUP OF UP TO
80 CHARACTERS THAT WE":."CAN PUT BET
WEEN QUOTES. FOR EXAMPLE,"..L..."IF WE
PUT THE WORD HELLO BETWEEN QUOTE":."MARK
S THEN IT BECOMES A STRING. NOW WE":."CA
N SET A STRING VARIABLE TO TAKE THE":."
VALUE OF THIS STRING: ":
." 10 HE$='HELLO' :REM REPLACE (') WITH
".WL..." 30 PRINTHE$ :REM QUOTES
":."WHEN THIS SEGMENT OF THE PR
OGRAM IS":."RUN WE WILL RECEIVE THE GREE
TING HELLO":."THE C-64 PROVIDES US WITH
THE ABILITY":."TO ADD AND COMPARE STR
INGS AND ALSO"..M..."PROVIDES US WITH 9
OTHER STRING STATE-":."MENTS. DUE TO TH
E LIMITS OF THIS PRO-":."GRAM WE WILL D
ISCUSS THEM ONLY BRIEFLY":."............
..........................":." BASIC STA
TEMENT. WHAT IT DOES "..N..."....
..................................":."
LEN( X$ ) . RETURNS NUMBER OF ":."
. CHARACTERS IN X$ ":
." STR$( X ) . RETURNS NUMERIC
":." . VALUE OF X CONVERT
ED":." . TO A STRING".ZO.
.." VAL( X$) . GIVES NUMERIC VALUE
":." . OF X$, UP TO 1ST
":." . NON-NUMERIC
":." CHR$( X ) . GIVES CHARACT
ER WITH":." . ASCII CODE
OF X ".PP..." ASC( X$ ) . GIVES
ASCII CODE FOR":." . CHA
RACTER X$ ":." LEFT$(A$,X) . G
IVES LEFTMOST X ":." .
CHARACTERS OF A$ ":." RIGHT$(A$,X)
. GIVES RIGHTMOST X ".&Q..."
. CHARACTERS OF A$ ":." MID$(
A$,X,Y) . GIVES Y CHARACTERS ":."
. OF A$ STARTING AT X ":."...
...................................":."W
ITH THESE STRING STATEMENTS, WE CAN"..
Q..."FORM MANY NEW STRINGS FROM OLD ON
ES.":."WE CAN DEFINE A STRING VARIABLE
THEN":."DIMENSION IT AS AN ARRAY: 10 DI
M W$(9)":."NOW THE STRING ARRAY VARIABLE
W$ CAN":."HOLD UP TO 10 STRINGS. B
UT REMEMBER".RR..."THAT EACH STRING CAN
ONLY CONTAIN UP":."TO 80 CHARACTERS.
":."[AFTER READING TH
E SECTION OF TUTORIAL":."ON INTERACTION
WITH THE USER, THE":."FOLLOWING CO
DE WILL BECOME CLEARER.]"..S..."LET'S S
AY WE WANT TO CREATE A SIMPLE":."WORD
PROCESSOR. OBVIOUSLY WE WILL NEED":."OUR
STRING ARRAY. AT THIS POINT WE":."W
OULD LIKE THE C-64 TO STORE AND THEN":.
"SHOW ALL INPUT TO THE KEYBOARD. LET'S"
.~T..."SAY WE'LL KEEP ALL OUR INPUT TO E
IGHTY":."CHARACTERS MAXIMUM, AND IF WE
HIT THE":."'\' KEY, ALL THE INPUT WILL
BE SHOWN.":." 10 DIM WP$(999)
":." 20 FOR I= 0 TO 999
".TU..." 30 INPUT WP$( I )
":." 40 IF LEFT$( WP$
(I), 1 ) = CHR$(92) ":." THEN 1
00 ":." 50 NEXT I
":." 100 FOR J=
1 TO 999: PRINT WP$(J) ".*V..." 110
IF LEFT$( WP$(I), 1) = CHR$(92) ":."
THEN END ":."
120 NEXT J ":.
"THIS PROGRAM SEGMENT COULD BE USED AS"
:."THE FRAME OF A LARGER WORD PROCESSO
R"..W..."PROGRAM, FOR EXAMPLE.
":."LINE 10 CREATES A STRING ARRA
Y OF 1000":."STRINGS MAXIMUM. WE THEN US
E A LOOP TO":."FILL UP OUR ARRAY. RUN TH
E PROGRAM AND":."NOW WHEN WE RUN THE P
ROGRAM, WE WILL".VW..."WE'LL SEE THE '?'
PROMPT CAUSED BY THE":."INPUT STATEMENT
. AFTER TYPING A GROUP":."OF CHARACTERS
AND HITTING RETURN, THE":."PROGRAM WIL
L THEN CHECK, USING THE IF-":."THEN STAT
EMENT, TO GET WHETHER OR NOT"..X..."THE
1ST CHARACTER OF THE STRING IS A":."'
\'. IF IT IS THE PROGRAM WILL EXIT":.
"THE FIRST FOR-NEXT LOOP AND ENTER THE"
:."2ND, WHICH WILL PRINT OUT ALL TH
E":."LINES WE HAD TYPED IN.
"...
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