T.JOURNAL
FILE INFORMATION
FILENAME(S): T.JOURNAL
FILE TYPE(S): PRG
FILE SIZE: 6.9K
FIRST SEEN: 2025-11-30 18:05:23
APPEARS ON: 1 disk(s)
FILE HASH
1ed63167587f52892629fe967c2c215deaa4bf017fee4d7b6a589644e51a900b
FOUND ON DISKS (1 DISKS)
| DISK TITLE | FILENAME | FILE TYPE | COLLECTION | TRACK | SECTOR | ACTIONS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LOADSTAR 71 S 1 | T.JOURNAL | PRG | Xii | 9 | 17 | DOWNLOAD FILE |
FILE CONTENT & ANALYSIS
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IF .. 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REVERSAL IS G| 00001710: 4F 49 4E 47 20 4F 4E 0D 48 45 52 45 2C 20 46 4F |OING ON.HERE, FO| 00001720: 4C 4B 53 2E 20 20 C2 55 54 20 49 54 27 53 20 45 |LKS. .UT IT'S E| 00001730: 41 53 59 20 54 4F 20 46 49 47 55 52 45 0D 4F 55 |ASY TO FIGURE.OU| 00001740: 54 2E 0D 0D 0D 0D 20 20 20 20 CF 4E 20 54 48 45 |T..... .N THE| 00001750: 20 46 4F 55 52 20 41 4C 49 4B 45 20 D7 D0 27 53 | FOUR ALIKE ..'S| 00001760: 2C 20 54 48 45 20 4C 4F 57 45 52 2D 0D 43 41 53 |, THE LOWER-.CAS| 00001770: 45 20 4C 45 54 54 45 52 53 20 4D 55 53 54 20 42 |E LETTERS MUST B| 00001780: 45 20 41 52 52 41 4E 47 45 44 20 46 52 4F 4D 20 |E ARRANGED FROM | 00001790: 31 0D 54 4F 20 32 36 2C 20 57 48 49 4C 45 20 4F |1.TO 26, WHILE O| 000017A0: 4E 20 C2 52 41 49 4E D0 4F 57 45 52 20 54 48 45 |N .RAIN.OWER THE| 000017B0: 59 0D 46 4F 4C 4C 4F 57 20 54 48 45 20 D0 45 54 |Y.FOLLOW THE .ET| 000017C0: 20 C1 D3 C3 C9 C9 20 43 4F 44 45 53 20 4F 46 20 | ..... CODES OF | 000017D0: 36 35 20 54 4F 0D 39 31 2E 20 20 D4 48 45 20 55 |65 TO.91. .HE U| 000017E0: 50 50 45 52 43 41 53 45 20 43 48 41 52 41 43 54 |PPERCASE CHARACT| 000017F0: 45 52 53 20 4F 4E 20 54 48 45 0D 46 4F 55 52 20 |ERS ON THE.FOUR | 00001800: 41 4C 49 4B 45 20 D7 D0 27 53 20 55 53 45 20 54 |ALIKE ..'S USE T| 00001810: 48 45 20 36 35 20 54 4F 20 39 31 20 53 4C 4F 54 |HE 65 TO 91 SLOT| 00001820: 0D 57 48 49 4C 45 20 C2 52 41 49 4E D0 4F 57 45 |.WHILE .RAIN.OWE| 00001830: 52 20 41 44 44 53 20 31 32 38 20 54 4F 20 54 48 |R ADDS 128 TO TH| 00001840: 41 54 0D 52 41 4E 47 45 20 4F 46 20 56 41 4C 55 |AT.RANGE OF VALU| 00001850: 45 53 2E 0D 0D 20 20 20 20 C1 47 41 49 4E 2C 20 |ES... .GAIN, | 00001860: 44 45 54 45 43 54 49 56 45 20 57 4F 52 4B 20 49 |DETECTIVE WORK I| 00001870: 53 20 54 48 45 20 4B 45 59 2E 0D CF 4E 43 45 20 |S THE KEY...NCE | 00001880: 59 4F 55 20 44 45 44 55 43 45 20 48 4F 57 20 41 |YOU DEDUCE HOW A| 00001890: 20 46 49 4C 45 20 53 41 56 45 53 20 C3 C8 D2 24 | FILE SAVES ...$| 000018A0: 0D 56 41 4C 55 45 53 2C 20 59 4F 55 20 4A 55 53 |.VALUES, YOU JUS| 000018B0: 54 20 41 42 4F 55 54 20 48 41 56 45 20 54 48 41 |T ABOUT HAVE THA| 000018C0: 54 20 46 49 4C 45 0D 4C 49 43 4B 45 44 2E 0D 0D |T FILE.LICKED...| 000018D0: 20 20 20 20 CF 4E 45 20 4C 41 53 54 20 50 4F 49 | .NE LAST POI| 000018E0: 4E 54 3A 20 53 4F 4D 45 54 49 4D 45 53 20 59 4F |NT: SOMETIMES YO| 000018F0: 55 0D 4D 41 59 20 42 45 20 49 4E 20 41 20 48 55 |U.MAY BE IN A HU| 00001900: 52 52 59 20 54 4F 20 46 49 4E 44 20 4F 55 54 20 |RRY TO FIND OUT | 00001910: 48 4F 57 20 41 0D 46 49 4C 45 20 49 53 20 43 4F |HOW A.FILE IS CO| 00001920: 4E 53 54 52 55 43 54 45 44 2E 20 20 D4 48 49 53 |NSTRUCTED. .HIS| 00001930: 20 53 49 4D 50 4C 45 20 32 2D 0D 4C 49 4E 45 20 | SIMPLE 2-.LINE | 00001940: 50 52 4F 47 52 41 4D 20 59 4F 55 20 43 41 4E 20 |PROGRAM YOU CAN | 00001950: 54 59 50 45 20 49 4E 20 54 45 4E 0D 53 45 43 4F |TYPE IN TEN.SECO| 00001960: 4E 44 53 20 49 53 20 57 4F 52 54 48 20 52 45 4D |NDS IS WORTH REM| 00001970: 45 4D 42 45 52 49 4E 47 2E 0D 20 31 30 20 CF D0 |EMBERING.. 10 ..| 00001980: C5 CE 20 32 2C 38 2C 32 2C 22 C6 C9 CC C5 22 0D |.. 2,8,2,"....".| 00001990: 20 32 30 20 C6 CF D2 C9 3D 30 D4 CF 31 3A C7 C5 | 20 ....=0..1:..| 000019A0: D4 23 32 2C C1 24 3A D0 D2 C9 CE D4 C1 24 3B 3A |.#2,.$:......$;:| 000019B0: C9 3D D3 D4 3A 0D 20 CE C5 D8 D4 3A C3 CC CF D3 |.=..:. ....:....| 000019C0: C5 32 0D 0D 20 20 20 20 C9 54 20 57 49 4C 4C 20 |.2.. .T WILL | 000019D0: 50 52 49 4E 54 20 41 20 53 54 52 45 41 4D 20 4F |PRINT A STREAM O| 000019E0: 46 20 42 59 54 45 53 0D 41 53 20 54 48 45 59 20 |F BYTES.AS THEY | 000019F0: 43 4F 4D 45 20 4F 46 46 20 54 48 45 20 46 49 4C |COME OFF THE FIL| 00001A00: 45 2E 20 20 C1 53 20 4C 4F 4E 47 0D 41 53 20 54 |E. .S LONG.AS T| 00001A10: 48 45 20 46 49 4C 45 20 49 53 20 55 4E 46 49 4E |HE FILE IS UNFIN| 00001A20: 49 53 48 45 44 2C 20 D3 D4 3D 30 2C 20 41 4E 44 |ISHED, ..=0, AND| 00001A30: 0D 54 48 45 20 C6 CF D2 2D CE C5 D8 D4 20 4C 4F |.THE ...-.... LO| 00001A40: 4F 50 20 43 4F 4E 54 49 4E 55 45 53 2E 20 20 C1 |OP CONTINUES. .| 00001A50: 53 20 53 4F 4F 4E 0D 41 53 20 D3 D4 3E 3D 31 2C |S SOON.AS ..>=1,| 00001A60: 20 28 D3 D4 3D 36 34 20 57 48 45 4E 20 54 48 45 | (..=64 WHEN THE| 00001A70: 20 46 49 4C 45 20 49 53 0D 44 4F 4E 45 29 2C 20 | FILE IS.DONE), | 00001A80: 54 48 45 20 46 49 4C 45 20 49 53 20 C3 CC CF D3 |THE FILE IS ....| 00001A90: C5 44 2E 0D 0D 20 20 20 20 C2 59 20 45 58 41 4D |.D... .Y EXAM| 00001AA0: 49 4E 49 4E 47 20 46 49 4C 45 53 20 49 4E 20 54 |INING FILES IN T| 00001AB0: 48 49 53 20 57 41 59 2C 0D 59 4F 55 20 57 49 4C |HIS WAY,.YOU WIL| 00001AC0: 4C 20 47 41 49 4E 20 41 20 48 41 4E 44 4C 45 20 |L GAIN A HANDLE | 00001AD0: 4F 4E 20 48 4F 57 20 54 48 45 59 0D 57 4F 52 4B |ON HOW THEY.WORK| 00001AE0: 2E 20 20 C9 54 27 53 20 46 55 4E 2C 20 54 52 55 |. .T'S FUN, TRU| 00001AF0: 53 54 20 4D 45 2E 20 20 C1 4E 44 20 57 48 49 4C |ST ME. .ND WHIL| 00001B00: 45 0D 59 4F 55 20 4D 41 59 20 4E 4F 54 20 42 45 |E.YOU MAY NOT BE| 00001B10: 20 52 45 41 44 59 20 54 4F 20 52 55 4C 45 20 54 | READY TO RULE T| 00001B20: 48 45 0D 57 4F 52 4C 44 20 4A 55 53 54 20 59 45 |HE.WORLD JUST YE| 00001B30: 54 2C 20 59 4F 55 20 43 41 4E 20 41 54 20 4C 45 |T, YOU CAN AT LE| 00001B40: 41 53 54 20 42 4F 53 53 0D 59 4F 55 52 20 44 49 |AST BOSS.YOUR DI| 00001B50: 53 4B 20 44 52 49 56 45 20 41 52 4F 55 4E 44 2E |SK DRIVE AROUND.| 00001B60: 0D 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |. | 00001B70: 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | | 00001B80: 20 20 20 CD CA 0D 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 2A | ... *| 00001B90: 2A 2A 2A 20 C5 4E 44 20 4F 46 20 D4 45 58 54 20 |*** .ND OF .EXT | 00001BA0: 2A 2A 2A 2A 0D |****. |
..^U:DISKOVERY. JORDAN'S JOURNAL: FILE
FINAGLING.. BY MARK JORDAN..
COMMODORE DOS (DISK OPERATING.SYSTEM)
WORKS SO WELL THAT MOST USERS.NEVER THI
NK ABOUT IT. SOMETIMES,.HOWEVER, IT'S R
EALLY HANDY TO KNOW A.LITTLE BIT HOW IT
WORKS... FOR INSTANCE, SUPPOSE YOU NE
ED TO.CONVERT TO YOUR PRESENT WORDPROCES
SOR.A FILE YOU SAVED FOUR YEARS AGO USIN
G.A DIFFERENT WORDPROCESSOR. COULD YOU.
DO IT? OR WHAT IF YOU HAD A BUNCH OF.DA
TA IN A DATABASE THAT YOU'D LIKE TO.GET
INTO A PROGRAM YOU ARE WRITING..WOULD YO
U KNOW HOW TO GET IN THERE.AND GET IT?..
IF YOU'RE JUST A DISK-SHOVER.YOU'LL
BE STUCK. BUT IF YOU KNOW HOW.TO TOOL A
ROUND WITH FILES, WELL, YOU.CAN RULE THE
WORLD... STEP ONE: FILE TYPES.
. THE FIRST THING YOU NEED TO KNOW.AB
OUT ANY FILE YOU'RE MESSING WITH IS.WHAT
TYPE OF FILE IT IS. IN COMMODORE.DOS,
THERE ARE FOUR POSSIBILITIES:.SEQ (SEQUE
NTIAL), PRG (PROGRAM), REL.(RELATIVE), A
ND USR (USER). A WORD.TO THE WISE: RELA
TIVE FILES ARE FOR.ADVANCED TOOLIN' AND
USER FILES ARE.IN ANOTHER REALM, BUT THE
FIRST TWO.TYPES ANY GOOD HACKOLOGIST CA
N MESS.WITH... THE SIMPLEST WAY TO DI
SCOVER THE.FILE TYPE IS TO TURN ON YOUR
COMPUTER,.INSERT A DISK WHICH INCLUDES S
AVED.FILES ON IT, TYPE LOAD"$",8 AND PRE
SS.RETURN. THEN TYPE LIST AND PRESS.RET
URN. THE LAST THREE CHARACTERS ON.THE L
INE OF ANY FILE YOU HAVE SAVED.WILL TELL
YOU... STEP TWO: DATA SETUP..
NEXT ON THE AGENDA IS TO SEE.WHAT SET
UP BYTES YOUR PRESENT.APPLICATION (WORDP
ROCESSOR, DATABASE,.ETC.) USES AT THE FR
ONT OF EACH FILE,.IF ANY. THE EASIEST W
AY TO DO THIS.IS TO CREATE A TEST FILE..
. FOR THE SAKE OF SIMPLICITY FOR.THE
REST OF THIS ARTICLE WE'LL ASSUME.YOU AR
E WORKING WITH A WORDPROCESSING.FILE. TH
E STRATEGY IS THE SAME FOR.OTHER TYPES..
. LOAD YOUR PRESENT WORDPROCESSOR.AND
TYPE "TEST..." BE SURE TO TYPE.THREE P
ERIODS AND FINISH BY PRESSING.RETURN. S
AVE IT WITH THE NAME."CONTROL"... NOW
QUIT YOUR WORDPROCESSOR, GO.BACK TO BAS
IC, AND LOAD "BYTE-.GRABBER", WHICH IS O
N SIDE ONE OF THIS.DISK. RUN IT AND STU
DY THE RESULTS..BUT BEFORE YOU DO THAT,
LET'S TAKE A.LITTLE TOUR OF WHAT BYTE-GR
ABBER WILL.DO. HERE'S A LINE-BY-LINE AC
COUNT...10 DIM A$(999).. THIS ARRAY H
OLDS (AND PRESERVES).ALL THE BYTES IN OR
DER AS THEY COME.OFF THE FILE. THAT WAY
WE CAN STUDY.THEM TO OUR HEART'S CONTEN
T...20 OPEN 2,8,2,"CONTROL".. THIS OP
ENS UP THE TEST FILE FOR.READING. IF YO
U'RE A 128 OWNER, YOU.CAN SUBSTITUTE THE
BASIC 7.0.EQUIVALENT (DOPEN #2,"CONTROL
").. 30 GET #2,A$(NB):NB=NB+1. 40 IF ST=
0 THEN 30.... WE START GETTING THE BY
TES, ONE.AT A TIME UNTIL ST, A SYSTEM VA
RIABLE.CEASES TO BE ZERO. NB STANDS FOR
.NEXT BYTE...50 PRINT "TOTAL BYTES"NB:CL
OSE 2.. WE'LL DROP THROUGH LINE 40 WH
EN.THE FILE IS DONE AND PRINT OUT HOW.MA
NY BYTES WERE IN IT. THIS CAN BE.VERY U
SEFUL TO KNOW BECAUSE SOME.APPLICATIONS
TACK ON A WHOLE LOT MORE.DATA THAN WE EN
TER. SINCE OUR LITTLE.TEST FILE WAS A M
ERE 7 BYTES LONG.(PLUS A RETURN) IF NB I
S OVER 8 WE.HAVE SOME EXTRA BYTES TO PUZ
ZLE OVER.....60 FOR TS=0 TO NB.. NOW
WE'RE GOING TO START A NEW.LOOP; THIS ON
E TO DETERMINE WHERE THE.THREE PERIODS A
RE IN OUR TEST FILE...70 IF A$(TS)="."AN
D A$(TS+1)="." AND.A$(TS+2)="." THEN 90.
. LINE 70 CHECKS TO SEE IF THE.PRESEN
T BYTE PLUS THE NEXT TWO ARE.PERIODS. I
F SO, WE'RE OUTTA THIS.LOOP........ T
HERE IS A REASON WHY I TOLD YOU.TO USE P
ERIODS IN YOUR TEST FILE..SINCE PERIODS
ARE ALWAYS SAVED AS.CHR$(46), THE LOGIC
IN LINE 70 WILL.WORK. IF YOU'RE TESTING
A DATABASE.FILE, YOU MAY NEED TO USE A
NUMERAL.LIKE 1 [SAVED AS CHR$(49)] TO GE
T.DEPENDABLE RESULTS... THERE IS ALSO
A REASON WHY YOU.TYPED THREE OF THEM.
IT COULD HAPPEN.THAT YOUR APPLICATION DO
ESN'T SAVE.PERIODS AS 46'S OR 1'S AS 49'
S. BUT.WHEN YOU STUDY IT LATER, YOU'LL
BE.ABLE TO SEE ANY TRIPLETS THAT SHOW UP
.AND DEDUCE FROM THERE.....80 NEXT..
IF LINE 70 DIDN'T FIND THOSE.THREE PERIO
DS, WE'RE GOING BACK TO.LOOK FURTHER...9
0 TS=TS-4:PRINT "TEXT STARTS AT "TS..
FINALLY, WE SET THE INDEX (TS.FOR TEXT
START) TO POINT TO THE FIRST.BYTE OF OUR
FILE (THE T IN TEST)..IT'S FOUR PLACES
IN FRONT OF THE FIRST.PERIOD SO THAT'S W
HY THE 4 WAS.DEDUCTED FROM TS.......
STEP THREE: CHARACTER CODES.. NOW T
HAT WE'VE GRABBED AND.PRESERVED ALL THOS
E BYTES IN THE.FILE, IT'S TIME TO START
SLEUTHING..IT WOULD BE NICE IF ALL PROGR
AMS.TREATED A'S AND B'S THE SAME WAY, BU
T.THEY DON'T. SOME USE PURE ASCII.CODES
, SOME USE COMMODORE CODES, SOME.USE SCR
EEN CODES... IT GETS HAIRY,.BELIEVE ME.
IT HELPS TO HAVE A.COMMODORE MANUAL OP
ENED TO THE ASCII.AND CHR$ CODES APPENDI
X...100 FOR T=0 TO TS-1:PRINT ASC(A$(T))
;.:NEXT.... LINE 100 PRINTS OUT THE A
SCII.VALUE OF EVERY BYTE WE'VE GRABBED F
ROM.OUR FILE UP TO THE BEGINNING OF THE.
TEXT (TS-1). IN ONE WORDPROCESSOR I.TES
TED (VIZAWRITE 128), THERE WERE AS.MANY
AS 250 SETUP BYTES BEFORE THE.TEXT SHOWE
D UP. IN OTHERS (LIKE.RUNSCRIPT, SPEEDS
CRIPT, AND THE WRITE.STUFF) ONLY TWO PRE
-TEXT BYTES SHOWED.UP... NO MATTER HO
W MANY ARE IN THE.FILE YOU'RE TRYING TO
WORK WITH, YOU.NEED TO STUDY THESE SETUP
BYTES IN.CASE THEY ARE CRUCIAL......
FOR INSTANCE, IN BRAINPOWER 128,.THE FI
RST FOUR OR FIVE BYTES ARE USED.TO TELL
THE PROGRAM HOW MANY LINES.ARE IN THE FI
LE. THIS WOULD BE.CRUCIAL INFORMATION I
F I WANTED TO.CONVERT A DIFFERENT FILE T
O.BRAINPOWER'S FORMAT. IF I WERE GOING.
THE OTHER WAY, I WOULD LIKELY WANT TO.ST
RIP THESE BYTES AWAY.... NOW LET'S EX
AMINE THOSE TEXT.BYTES (PLUS THE RETURN)
...110 FOR T=TS TO TS+7:PRINT ASC(A$(T))
;.:NEXT:CLOSE2:END.... IN FOUR OF THE
FIVE WP'S I RAN.THIS LITTLE TEST ON (TH
E WRITE STUFF,.SPEEDSCRIPT, RUNSCRIPT, A
ND.VIZAWRITE), THE UPPERCASE T IN THE.WO
RD "TEST" SHOWS UP AS AN 84. THAT.MATCH
ES WHAT THE APPENDIX SAYS IS A.T. BUT T
HE FIFTH WP, BRAINPOWER,.SHOWS A 212. IN
TERESTING... HOW ABOUT THE OTHER CHAR
ACTERS?.THE SAME FOUR OF THE FIVE SHOW A
5.FOR THE LOWERCASE E. BRAINPOWER.SHOW
S A 69. A REVERSAL IS GOING ON.HERE, FO
LKS. BUT IT'S EASY TO FIGURE.OUT.....
ON THE FOUR ALIKE WP'S, THE LOWER-.CAS
E LETTERS MUST BE ARRANGED FROM 1.TO 26,
WHILE ON BRAINPOWER THEY.FOLLOW THE PET
ASCII CODES OF 65 TO.91. THE UPPERCASE
CHARACTERS ON THE.FOUR ALIKE WP'S USE T
HE 65 TO 91 SLOT.WHILE BRAINPOWER ADDS 1
28 TO THAT.RANGE OF VALUES... AGAIN,
DETECTIVE WORK IS THE KEY..ONCE YOU DEDU
CE HOW A FILE SAVES CHR$.VALUES, YOU JUS
T ABOUT HAVE THAT FILE.LICKED... ONE
LAST POINT: SOMETIMES YOU.MAY BE IN A HU
RRY TO FIND OUT HOW A.FILE IS CONSTRUCTE
D. THIS SIMPLE 2-.LINE PROGRAM YOU CAN
TYPE IN TEN.SECONDS IS WORTH REMEMBERING
.. 10 OPEN 2,8,2,"FILE". 20 FORI=0TO1:GE
T#2,A$:PRINTA$;:I=ST:. NEXT:CLOSE2..
IT WILL PRINT A STREAM OF BYTES.AS THEY
COME OFF THE FILE. AS LONG.AS THE FILE
IS UNFINISHED, ST=0, AND.THE FOR-NEXT LO
OP CONTINUES. AS SOON.AS ST>=1, (ST=64
WHEN THE FILE IS.DONE), THE FILE IS CLOS
ED... BY EXAMINING FILES IN THIS WAY,
.YOU WILL GAIN A HANDLE ON HOW THEY.WORK
. IT'S FUN, TRUST ME. AND WHILE.YOU MA
Y NOT BE READY TO RULE THE.WORLD JUST YE
T, YOU CAN AT LEAST BOSS.YOUR DISK DRIVE
AROUND..
MJ. **** END OF TEXT ****.
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