BASIC-BEFEHLE 1
FILE INFORMATION
FILENAME(S): BASIC-BEFEHLE 1
FILE TYPE(S): PRG
FILE SIZE: 11.3K
FIRST SEEN: 2025-11-30 01:07:53
APPEARS ON: 4 disk(s)
FILE HASH
5f684cd950e0a1ece31a5955da49d265b70db0e246436029538b286802f7b64c
FOUND ON DISKS (4 DISKS)
| DISK TITLE | FILENAME | FILE TYPE | COLLECTION | TRACK | SECTOR | ACTIONS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| L EHRNEN | BASIC-BEFEHLE 1 | PRG | Treasure Chest - Wolfgang Rauprich | 33 | 0 | DOWNLOAD FILE |
| FREESOFT DISK NR | BASIC-BEFEHLE 1 | PRG | Treasure Chest - Wolfgang Rauprich | 11 | 14 | DOWNLOAD FILE |
| D IVERSE | BASIC-BEFEHLE 1 | PRG | Treasure Chest - Wolfgang Rauprich | 11 | 14 | DOWNLOAD FILE |
| FREESOFT DISK NR | BASIC-BEFEHLE 1 | PRG | Treasure Chest - Wolfgang Rauprich | 33 | 0 | DOWNLOAD FILE |
FILE CONTENT & ANALYSIS
> DETECTED: COMMODORE BASIC PROGRAM (LOAD ADDRESS $0801)
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00002C50: 4E 4F 54 48 45 52 20 42 41 53 49 43 20 22 00 83 |NOTHER BASIC "..|
00002C60: 34 34 4E 85 22 4B 45 59 57 4F 52 44 20 44 45 4D |44N."KEYWORD DEM|
00002C70: 4F 4E 53 54 52 41 54 45 44 28 59 2F 4E 29 22 3B |ONSTRATED(Y/N)";|
00002C80: 41 4E 24 00 9D 34 3E 4E 8B 20 C8 28 41 4E 24 2C |AN$..4>N. .(AN$,|
00002C90: 31 29 B2 22 59 22 20 A7 20 89 20 36 30 00 BE 34 |1)."Y" . . 60..4|
00002CA0: 48 4E 99 3A 99 22 4F 4B 21 20 20 48 41 56 45 20 |HN.:."OK! HAVE |
00002CB0: 41 20 4E 49 43 45 20 44 41 59 21 22 3A 80 00 E6 |A NICE DAY!":...|
00002CC0: 34 30 75 8F 20 57 41 49 54 20 46 4F 52 20 4C 45 |40u. WAIT FOR LE|
00002CD0: 54 54 45 52 20 22 43 22 20 54 4F 20 42 45 20 50 |TTER "C" TO BE P|
00002CE0: 52 45 53 53 45 44 00 EC 34 31 75 99 00 0C 35 35 |RESSED..41u...55|
00002CF0: 75 99 A6 39 29 22 50 52 45 53 53 20 27 43 27 20 |u..9)"PRESS 'C' |
00002D00: 54 4F 20 43 4F 4E 54 49 4E 55 45 22 00 25 35 3A |TO CONTINUE".%5:|
00002D10: 75 A1 20 41 24 3A 8B 20 41 24 B2 22 22 20 A7 20 |u. A$:. A$."" . |
00002D20: 33 30 30 31 30 00 3C 35 44 75 8B 20 41 24 B2 22 |30010.<5Du. A$."|
00002D30: 43 22 20 A7 20 89 20 32 30 30 30 30 00 48 35 4E |C" . . 20000.H5N|
00002D40: 75 89 20 33 30 30 31 30 00 00 00 |u. 30010... |
....... 53281,1:.53280,1:."..";.R....".
BASIC EINMAL ANDERS TEIL 1 .
";......".
.";.S....".DIESES PROGRAMM EIN
ES AMERIKANISCHEN COMPUTERCLUBS UNT
ERWEIST SIE......"IN DEN VERSCHIEDENEN
BASICBEFEHLEN IHRES COMPUTERS ..
C....".SOFERN ERFORDERLICH,WERDEN AUCH
BEISPIELE FUER DIE ANWENDUNG.R...
."GEGEBEN.......".WIR HOFFEN,DASS SIE AU
S DIESEM PROGRAMM NOCH EINIGES LERNEN K
OENNEN......."..EINE DEUTSCHE VERSION IS
T IN VORBEREITUNG. VIEL SPASS
!".;....".BITTE EINE TASTE .............
............A.(...G.2...Z.;..A$:.A$."".
59.S.<..".": . CLEAR SCREEN...F...10)"
":....P.."WHICH OF THE F
OLLOWING WOULD YOU LIKE"...Z.."TO KNOW M
ORE ABOUT:":....D.."(1) ABS (2) AS
C (3) CHR$".7.N.."(4) CONT (5)
DATA (6) FOR/NEXT".B.X.."(7) GET
(8) GOSUB (9) GOTO"......"(10) IF
/THEN (11) INPUT (12) LEFT$"......"(13
) LEN (14) MID$ (15) ON"......:."
PLEASE ENTER YOUR CHOICE";CH... .. CH.1
. CH.15 . . 150.$.... CH.6 . . CH . 1000
,2000,3000,4000,5000.U.... CH.11 . . CH.
5 . 6000,7000,8000,9000,10000...... CH.1
0 . 14000,11000,12000,13000,15000......
ABSOLUTE VALUE FUNCTION......".".Q.... .
6)"ABS=ABSOLUTE VALUE FUNCTION":......."
THE ABSOLUTE VALUE FUNCTION RETURNS".
,...."THE ABSOLUTE VALUE OF A NUMBER. T
HIS".V...."MEANS THAT THE NUMBER YOU GIV
E THE"...$.."COMPUTER WILL RETURN TO YOU
WITHOUT"......"ANY SIGNS. IF YOU GIVE
THE COMPUTER"...8.."A POSITIVE NUMBER, I
T WILL GIVE YOU BACK";...B.."A POSITIVE
NUMBER. IF YOU GIVE THE ".6.L.."COMPUTE
R A NEGATIVE NUMBER, HOWEVER,".D.V.."YOU
WILL GET A POSITIVE NUMBER BACK IN"...`
.."RETURN. FOR INSTANCE, THE STATEMENT"
...J.."[PRINT ABS(X)] WILL PRINT A POSIT
IVE"...T.."NUMBER REGARDLESS OF WHETHER
THE VALUE"...~.."OF 'X' IS POSITIVE OR N
EGATIVE"...... 30000.7.P.. ASCII VALUE F
UNCTION.@.Z..".".E.....8)"ASC=ASCII VALU
E FUNCTION":......." TO DETERMINE THE
ASCII VALUE"......"OF A CHARACTER, THE A
SC FUNCTION MUST"......"BE USED. THE AS
CII VALUE IS A NUMBER"......"THAT CORRES
PONDS TO THE COMPUTER'S".;...."CODE FOR
THAT PARTICULAR CHARACTER.".I. .."EACH C
HARACTER ON THE COMMODORE 64 HAS"...*.."
A NUMBER THAT CORRESPONDS TO ITSELF. IF
";.G.4.."YOU TYPED [PRINT ASC('A')], YOU
WOULD"...>.."GET BACK A VALUE OF 65, SI
NCE THE LETTER";...H.."'A' HAS AN ASCII
VALUE OF 65.".).R.. 30000.@.... CHARACTE
R STRING.I....".".R.B...4)"CHR$=CHARACTE
R STRING FUNCTION".X.L.....V.." THE OP
POSITE OF THE ASCII FUNCTION".P...."IS T
HE CHR$ COMMAND. BY USING THE "......"K
EYWORD CHR$, YOU MAY DETERMINE WHAT ".&.
..."CHARACTER A CERTAIN ASCII NUMBER ".S
...."CORRESPONDS TO. FOR EXAMPLE, IF YO
U "....."TYPED [PRINT CHR$(65)], THE CO
MPUTER"......"WOULD RESPOND BY PRINTING
THE LETTER".W...."'A', SINCE THE ASCII C
ODE 65 IS THE "...&.."COMMODORE 64'S EQU
IVALENT FOR THE 'A'.".2.0.."WHEN USING C
HR$, YOU MUST USE A VALUE".L.:.."BETWEEN
0 AND 255.".X.D.. 30000.P. .. CONTINUE
FUNCTION.Y....".".......8)"CONT=CONTINUE
PROGRAM":..I...." THE CONT COMMAND SI
MPLY RESUMES THE"...H.."EXECUTION OF A P
ROGRAM THAT HAS BEEN".$.R.."STOPPED, USU
ALLY BY THE 'RUN/STOP' KEY.".P...."BY TY
PING [CONT] THEN [RETURN], YOUR".~...."B
ASIC PROGRAM WILL BEGIN WHERE IT LEFT"..
...."OFF. TO GIVE 'CONT' A TRY, HIT THE
".T...."RUN/STOP KEY, THEN TYPE [CONT]
AND"......"[RETURN]. THE PROGRAM WILL K
EEP GOING".)...."AS IF YOU HAD NEVER STO
PPED IT!".5.... 30000.I.... DATA FUNCTIO
N.R....".".R.....10)"DATA=DATA TO BE REA
D".X.........." THE DATA STATEMENT IS
USED TO STORE".S...."A LIST OF CONSTANTS
. THESE CONSTANTS"...D.."MAY BE IN THE
FORM OF NUMBERS OR WORDS".-.N.."OR EVEN
BOTH. EACH CONSTANT MUST BE".T.X.."SEPA
RATED BY A COMMA (,) SO THE"......"COMPU
TER WILL KNOW ONE CONSTANT FROM"......"A
NOTHER. TO RETRIEVE THE DATA, THE "....
.."COMMAND 'READ' SHOULD BE USED ELSEWHE
RE"......"IN THE PROGRAM. FOR INSTANCE,
THE ".4...."FOLLOWING PROGRAM WILL READ
THE NUMBER".Y...."TEN FROM THE DATA STA
TEMENT, ".}...."THEN PRINT IT ON THE SCR
EEN:"...(..:."10 READ A"...2.."20 PR
INT A"...<.."30 DATA 10.E.F.. 30000...
P.. FOR...TO...NEXT...Z..".".......6)"FO
R..NEXT=FOR/NEXT LOOP".......4...." TH
E FOR/NEXT LOOP IS SIMPLY A".B...."COUNT
ING DEVICE. IF YOU WANT TO COUNT"......
"TO THE NUMBER FIVE, YOU WOULD SAY 'ONE,
"......"TWO, THREE, FOUR, FIVE.' FOR A C
OMPUTER"......"TO COUNT TO FIVE, YOU HAV
E TO TELL IT"...J.."WHAT NUMBER TO START
COUNTING AT, WHAT".I.T.."NUMBER TO STOP
COUNTING, AND WHAT STEP".X...."IT SHOUL
D COUNT AT. THE 'STEP' IS JUST"......"H
OW FAST THE COMPUTER COUNTS - IT CAN ".S
...."COULD COUNT 1,2,3,4,5, OR GO TWICE
AS"......"FAST BY COUNTING 1,3,5. THE F
IRST ".)...."EXAMPLE WOULD BE STEP 1, SI
NCE THE ".W...."COMPUTER COUNTS IN STEPS
OF ONE, WHILE"......"THE SECOND EXAMPLE
WOULD BE STEP 2, FOR"...$.."THE COMPUTE
R COUNTS IN STEPS OF TWO,".V...."COUNTIN
G EVERY OTHER NUMBER."...8..:." HIT
ANY KEY TO CONTINUE..."...B..A$:.A$."".
6210...L.. ".".L.V.." TO TELL THE COMP
UTER WHERE TO START".Y.`.."COUNTING AND
WHERE TO STOP COUNTING, "...J.."MERELY S
PECIFY THE NUMBER IN YOUR FOR/".U.T.."NE
XT LOOP. IF YOU WANTED THE COMPUTER"...
~.."TO COUNT FROM 2 TO 8, FOR INSTANCE,
YOU".3...."WOULD TYPE [FOR A=2 TO 8]. Y
OU CAN USE".D...."ANY VARIABLE YOU WANT
('A' IN THIS CASE)";......"TO DO THE COU
NTING. IF YOU WANTED THE"......"COMPUTE
R TO COUNT IN STEPS OF TWO (2,4"......"6
,8) INSTEAD OF IN STEPS OF 1 (2,3,4,5,".
....."6,7,8), YOU WOULD USE THE STEP COM
MAND,".K.D.."AND TYPE [FOR A=2 TO 8 STEP
2]. YOU ".Z.N.."MAY USE ANY STEP YOU D
ESIRE, AND IF YOU"...X.."COUNT BACKWARDS
(LIKE FROM 10 TO 1) YOU".U...."MUST HAV
E A NEGATIVE STEP (LIKE -1)."...... 3000
0...X.. GET FUNCTION...B..".".(.L...4)"G
ET=GET A VARIABLE FROM KEYBOARD"...V...]
...." THE GET STATEMENT IS MOST OFTEN
USED"......"TO GET A NUMBER OR LETTER AS
TYPED INTO"......"THE KEYBOARD. FOR IN
STANCE, YOU MIGHT"......"PUT INTO YOUR P
ROGRAM THIS LINE:":......."10 GETA$:IF A
$='' THEN 10":..4...."THIS WOULD CAUSE T
HE COMPUTER TO WAIT".C...."UNTIL SOMETHI
NG WAS TYPED INTO THE KEY-"...F.."BOARD.
IF THE LETTER 'A' WAS TYPED, THE";.C.P
.."STRING A$ WOULD THEN BE THE LETTER 'A
'."...Z.."BECAUSE THE GET STATEMENT DOES
NOT".. ..."WAIT FOR A KEY TO BE PRESSED
, THE ".F ..."COMMAND 'IF A$='' THEN 10'
MUST BE USED".U ..."TO MAKE THE COMPUTE
R WAIT UNTIL A$ DOES". ..."INDEED HAVE
A VALUE FROM THE GET A$".. ..."COMMAND."
.. ... 30000.Q @.. GOSUB FUNCTION.Z J.."
.".. T...6)"GOSUB=GO TO A SUBROUTINE"..!
^...+!H.." THE GOSUB IS A COMMAND TO T
HE".U!R.."COMPUTER TO GO TO A DIFFERENT
PART"..!|.."OF THE PROGRAM TO PERFORM A
SPECIAL"..!..."TASK, OR SUBROUTINE, AND
THEN RETURN".Z!..."TO THE PLACE JUST AFT
ER THE SUBROUTINE".."..."WAS ORDERED. T
HE FOLLOWING PROGRAM".1"..."WOULD INSTRU
CT THE COMPUTER TO GO TO".]"..."LINE 40,
PRINT A NUMBER, THEN RETURN".."..."TO L
INE 20, THE LINE FOLLOWING THE ". "B.."G
OSUB COMMAND:":..."L.."10 A=10:GOSUB 40
".."V.."20 PRINT'PROGRAM FINISHED'"..".
.."30 END".."..."40 PRINT A".*#..."50
RETURN: REM RETURN TELLS PROGRAM".Y#...
"60 REM TO RETURN TO 'GOSUB' STATEMENT.
".E#. . 30000.Y#(#. GOTO FUNCTION..#2#."
."..#<#..4)"GOTO=GO TO ANOTHER PART OF P
ROGRAM"..#F#...#P#." THE GOTO STATEMEN
T TELLS THE COMPUTER";..$Z#."TO GO TO AN
OTHER PART OF A PROGRAM.".>$D#."THE GOTO
STATEMENT IS FOLLOWED BY THE".K$N#."LIN
E NUMBER THE PROGRAM SHOULD GO TO."..$X#
."THE FOLLOWING PROGRAM WOULD PRINT '64'
".G$.#."OVER AND OVER, SINCE LINE 30 TEL
LS THE"..$.#."COMPUTER TO GO TO THE BEGI
NNING"..%.#."OF THE PROGRAM, LINE 10:":.
.#% #."10 A$='64'".7%.#."20 PRINT A$".
J%.#."30 GOTO 10".V%.#. 30000.O%.'. IF/
THEN STATEMENTS.X%.'."."..%$'..3)"IF/THE
N=LOGICAL DECISION BY COMPUTER"..%.'...%
8'." FOR THE COMPUTER TO MAKE A DECISI
ON"..&B'."AND IMPLEMENT A RESULT, THE IF
/THEN".4&L'."STATEMENT IS USED. THE COM
MAND MERELY".^&V'."TELLS THE COMPUTER TO
DO SOMETHING"..&`'."('THEN') IF ('IF')
SOMETHING IS TRUE."..&J'."FOR EXAMPLE, I
F YOU WANTED THE COMPUTER"..&T'."TO GO T
O LINE 100 IF THE VALUE OF THE "..'~'."V
ARIABLE 'A' WAS 10, YOU WOULD TYPE":..7'
.'."'IF A=10 THEN GOTO 100.'":..H'.'."YO
U CAN TYPE IN JUST ABOUT ANY CONDITION";
..'.'."AND RESULT USING THE IF/THEN COMM
AND."..'.'. 30000..'.*. LEFT$ FUNCTION..
'.+."."..'.+..5)"LEFT$=LEFT PART OF STRI
NG"..'.+...( +." LEFT$ IS USED TO 'CHO
P OFF' THE LEFT".E(*+."PART OF A STRING
FOR WHATEVER REASON.".E(4+."THE FORMAT F
OR LEFT$ IS:"..(>+."'LEFT$(STRING,NUMBER
)'. YOU TELL"..(H+."THE COMPUTER THE ST
RING AND THE "..(R+."NUMBER OF CHARACTER
S TO 'CHOP OFF' THE"..)\+."LEFT SIDE. I
F YOU WANTED TO FIND OUT".=)F+."THE FIRS
T LETTER OF A PERSON'S NAME,".I)P+."FOR
EXAMPLE, YOU NEED ONLY TELL THE "..)Z+."
COMPUTER, 'PRINT LEFT$(NAME$,1)' IF ".D)
.+."NAME$ WERE THE STRING FOR THAT PERSO
N'S".Q).+."NAME."..).+. 30000..)... LEN
FUNCTION..)..."."..*....8)"LEN=LENGTH OF
STRING"..*....I*./." THE LEN FUNCTION
IS USED TO FIND".T*./."THE LENGTH OF A
STRING. THE STRING"..*./."'CLOCKWORK',
FOR INSTANCE, WOULD HAVE".L*&/."A VALUE
OF NINE IF YOU TYPED 'PRINT"..*0/."LEN (
'CLOCKWORK'), SINCE THE STRING HAS".&+:/
."NINE CHARACTERS IN IT. IF A STRING".R
+D/."CALLED 'ACO$' HAD TEN CHARACTERS IN
".}+N/."IT, AND YOU TYPED L=LEN(ACO$),
THE "..+X/."VALUE OF L WOULD BE 10."..+B
/. 30000.H+H2. MIDDLE OF STRING FUNCTION
.Q+R2."."..+.2..5)"MID$=MIDDLE OF STRING
FUNCTION"..,.2...,.2." THE MID$ FUNCT
ION FIND A PIECE OF A".Y,.2."STRING WITH
IN A STRING. THE FORMAT"..,.2."FOR MID$
IS 'MID$(STRING, #1, #2)'."..,.3."STRIN
G SPECIFIES THE STRING, NUMBER"..,.3."ON
E TELLS THE COMPUTER AT WHAT POINT"..-"3
."IN THE STRING YOU WANT TO EXTRACT A".1
-,3."PIECE OF THE STRING, AND NUMBER TWO
".^-63."TELLS THE COMPUTER HOW LONG YOU
WANT "..-@3."THAT PIECE TO BE. SUPPOSE
A STRING"..-J3."EXISTED CALLED T$ WHICH
WAS 'QUENTIN"..-T3."COOK DELARGE'. TYPI
NG THE STATEMENT"...^3."[PRINT MID$(T$,8
,4)] WOULD TELL THE".4.H3."COMPUTER TO P
RINT 'COOK', SINCE ".].R3."'COOK' IS THE
FOUR-CHARACTER LONG"...|3."PIECE OF THE
STRING BEGINNING AT"....3."LOCATION 8 O
F T$."....3. 30000....6. INPUT STATEMENT
.I..6."."...D6..8)"INPUT=INPUT VARIABLES
"...N6.../X6." THE INPUT STATEMENT LET
S A COMPUTER".J/.6."USER ENTER DATA INTO
THE COMPUTER, IN".X/.6."THE FORM OF LET
TERS, NUMBERS, OR BOTH."../.6."FOR THE C
OMPUTER TO ACCEPT NUMERIC ".N/.7."INFORM
ATION, A NUMBER VARIABLE MUST"../.7."BE
USED ALONG WITH INPUT (I.E. INPUT A).";.
+0.7."FOR ALPHANUMERIC DATA TO BE ACCEPT
ED".Y0.7."BY THE COMPUTER, A COMMAND LIK
E [INPUT"..0(7."A$] SHOULD BE USED. SEV
ERAL PIECES"..027."OF DATA MAY BE INPUT
IN A ROW, BY "..0<7."USING THE INPUT COM
MAND IN THIS WAY:":...0F7."10 INPUT A,B$
,B,A$":..%1P7."THIS COMMAND WOULD ALLOW
THE INPUT OF".N1Z7."A NUMBER, A STRING,
A NUMBER, AND".E1D7."ANOTHER STRING.".Q1
N7. 30000..1.:. ON STATEMENT..1.:."."..1
.:..6)"ON STATEMENT=MULTIPLE GOTO/GOSUB"
..1.:...1.:." THE ON STATEMENT EVALUAT
ES THE VALUE"..2J:."OF A VARIABLE, AND G
OES TO A LINE NUMBER";.I2T:."AS DETERMIN
ED FOR THAT NUMBER. FOR".Y2.:."EXAMPLE:
".{2.:.:."10 ON A GOTO 40,50,60":...2.:
."IF THE VARIABLE A WAS EQUAL TO ONE,".S
2.:."THE PROGRAM WOULD GO TO LINE 40. I
F "..3.;."VARIABLE A WAS EQUAL TO TWO, T
HE PROGRAM";.33.;."WOULD GO TO LINE 50.
IF VARIABLE A WAS"._3.;."EQUAL TO 3, TH
E PROGRAM WOULD GO TO "..3$;."LINE 60.
A 'GOSUB' MAY BE USED IN PLACE";..3.;."O
F THE 'GOTO' IF YOU WANT TO GO TO A "..3
8;."SUBROUTINE IN THE PROGRAM."..3B;. 30
000. 4 N. SEE IF ANOTHER BASIC KEYWORD S
HOULD BE DEFINED.)4%N.".".^4*N.:.:.:."
WOULD YOU LIKE TO SEE ANOTHER BASIC "..
44N."KEYWORD DEMONSTRATED(Y/N)";AN$..4>N
. H(AN$,1)."Y" . . 60..4HN.:."OK! HAVE
A NICE DAY!":...40U. WAIT FOR LETTER "C"
TO BE PRESSED..41U...55U..9)"PRESS 'C'
TO CONTINUE".%5:U. A$:. A$."" . 30010.<5
DU. A$."C" . . 20000.H5NU. 30010...
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