T.BASICS
FILE INFORMATION
FILENAME(S): T.BASICS
FILE TYPE(S): PRG
FILE SIZE: 4.1K
FIRST SEEN: 2025-11-30 18:12:10
APPEARS ON: 1 disk(s)
FILE HASH
b027d60a3f84b518ac485a87becb996a10acab4abb8153e3fb32160f88e7fbc7
FOUND ON DISKS (1 DISKS)
| DISK TITLE | FILENAME | FILE TYPE | COLLECTION | TRACK | SECTOR | ACTIONS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LOADSTAR 48 S 1 | T.BASICS | PRG | Sailor, Ganheden | 24 | 3 | DOWNLOAD FILE |
FILE CONTENT & ANALYSIS
00000000: 00 80 5E 55 3A 5A 45 52 4F 0D 20 20 20 20 20 20 |..^U:ZERO. | 00000010: 20 C2 C1 D3 C9 C3 D3 3A 20 D4 48 45 20 CC CF C1 | ......: .HE ...| 00000020: C4 D3 D4 C1 D2 20 CD 45 4E 55 0D 0D 20 20 20 20 |..... .ENU.. | 00000030: 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 42 59 20 C6 45 4E 44 45 52 | BY .ENDER| 00000040: 20 D4 55 43 4B 45 52 0D 0D 20 20 20 20 D7 45 20 | .UCKER.. .E | 00000050: 48 41 44 20 42 49 47 20 50 4C 41 4E 53 20 57 48 |HAD BIG PLANS WH| 00000060: 45 4E 20 57 45 20 46 49 52 53 54 0D 44 45 43 49 |EN WE FIRST.DECI| 00000070: 44 45 44 20 54 4F 20 43 4F 4D 45 20 55 50 20 57 |DED TO COME UP W| 00000080: 49 54 48 20 41 20 4E 45 57 20 4D 45 4E 55 0D 53 |ITH A NEW MENU.S| 00000090: 59 53 54 45 4D 20 46 4F 52 20 CC CF C1 C4 D3 D4 |YSTEM FOR ......| 000000A0: C1 D2 2E 20 20 22 C9 4E 53 54 41 4E 54 41 4E 45 |... ".NSTANTANE| 000000B0: 4F 55 53 22 0D 57 41 53 20 41 20 57 4F 52 44 20 |OUS".WAS A WORD | 000000C0: 48 45 41 52 44 20 4F 46 54 45 4E 20 49 4E 20 4F |HEARD OFTEN IN O| 000000D0: 55 52 0D 48 41 4C 4C 4F 57 45 44 20 48 41 4C 4C |UR.HALLOWED HALL| 000000E0: 53 2E 20 20 22 C1 4E 49 4D 41 54 49 4F 4E 22 20 |S. ".NIMATION" | 000000F0: 57 41 53 0D 41 4E 4F 54 48 45 52 2E 20 20 C8 45 |WAS.ANOTHER. .E| 00000100: 52 45 2C 20 46 4F 52 20 54 48 45 20 46 49 52 53 |RE, FOR THE FIRS| 00000110: 54 20 54 49 4D 45 2C 0D 49 53 20 54 48 45 20 54 |T TIME,.IS THE T| 00000120: 52 55 45 20 53 54 4F 52 59 2C 20 52 45 44 4F 4C |RUE STORY, REDOL| 00000130: 45 4E 54 20 57 49 54 48 0D 44 41 53 48 45 44 20 |ENT WITH.DASHED | 00000140: 44 52 45 41 4D 53 20 41 4E 44 20 50 49 54 49 46 |DREAMS AND PITIF| 00000150: 55 4C 20 50 49 54 46 41 4C 4C 53 2E 0D 0D 20 20 |UL PITFALLS... | 00000160: 20 20 D7 45 20 57 45 52 45 20 42 41 54 54 4C 49 | .E WERE BATTLI| 00000170: 4E 47 20 54 48 45 20 C3 4F 4D 4D 4F 44 4F 52 45 |NG THE .OMMODORE| 00000180: 41 4E 0D C3 48 49 4D 45 52 41 2C 20 41 20 43 52 |AN..HIMERA, A CR| 00000190: 45 41 54 55 52 45 20 43 4F 4D 50 4F 53 45 44 20 |EATURE COMPOSED | 000001A0: 4F 46 20 36 34 CB 0D 4D 45 4D 4F 52 59 2C 20 41 |OF 64..MEMORY, A| 000001B0: 20 34 30 2D 43 4F 4C 55 4D 4E 20 53 43 52 45 45 | 40-COLUMN SCREE| 000001C0: 4E 2C 20 41 4E 44 20 41 0D 53 4C 4F 57 20 44 52 |N, AND A.SLOW DR| 000001D0: 49 56 45 20 41 43 43 45 53 53 2E 20 20 C1 4E 44 |IVE ACCESS. .ND| 000001E0: 20 41 4C 4C 20 57 45 20 48 41 44 0D 57 41 53 20 | ALL WE HAD.WAS | 000001F0: 4F 55 52 20 57 49 54 53 2E 0D 0D 20 20 20 20 D4 |OUR WITS... .| 00000200: 48 45 20 46 49 52 53 54 20 50 41 52 54 20 4F 46 |HE FIRST PART OF| 00000210: 20 4F 55 52 20 54 41 53 4B 20 57 41 53 20 54 4F | OUR TASK WAS TO| 00000220: 0D 46 49 54 20 45 56 45 52 59 54 48 49 4E 47 20 |.FIT EVERYTHING | 00000230: 57 45 20 4E 45 45 44 45 44 20 49 4E 54 4F 20 4D |WE NEEDED INTO M| 00000240: 45 4D 4F 52 59 2E 0D CF 55 52 20 4D 45 4E 55 20 |EMORY...UR MENU | 00000250: 53 59 53 54 45 4D 20 52 45 51 55 49 52 45 53 20 |SYSTEM REQUIRES | 00000260: 41 20 C2 C1 D3 C9 C3 0D 44 52 49 56 45 52 2C 20 |A ......DRIVER, | 00000270: 41 20 43 48 41 52 41 43 54 45 52 20 53 45 54 2C |A CHARACTER SET,| 00000280: 20 53 50 52 49 54 45 53 2C 20 41 0D 4D 55 53 49 | SPRITES, A.MUSI| 00000290: 43 20 50 4C 41 59 45 52 2C 20 41 20 54 45 58 54 |C PLAYER, A TEXT| 000002A0: 20 48 41 4E 44 4C 45 52 2C 20 41 20 46 49 4C 45 | HANDLER, A FILE| 000002B0: 0D 48 41 4E 44 4C 45 52 2C 20 41 4E 44 20 42 55 |.HANDLER, AND BU| 000002C0: 46 46 45 52 53 20 46 4F 52 20 54 45 58 54 20 41 |FFERS FOR TEXT A| 000002D0: 4E 44 0D 4D 55 53 49 43 20 44 41 54 41 2E 20 20 |ND.MUSIC DATA. | 000002E0: C1 4C 4C 20 4F 46 20 54 48 45 53 45 20 4E 45 45 |.LL OF THESE NEE| 000002F0: 44 20 54 4F 20 42 45 0D 49 4E 20 4D 45 4D 4F 52 |D TO BE.IN MEMOR| 00000300: 59 20 41 54 20 4F 4E 45 20 54 49 4D 45 20 55 4E |Y AT ONE TIME UN| 00000310: 4C 45 53 53 20 57 45 20 57 41 4E 54 0D 54 4F 20 |LESS WE WANT.TO | 00000320: 43 4F 4E 53 54 41 4E 54 4C 59 20 46 49 47 48 54 |CONSTANTLY FIGHT| 00000330: 20 54 48 45 20 54 48 49 52 44 20 50 41 52 54 20 | THE THIRD PART | 00000340: 4F 46 0D 54 48 45 20 C3 48 49 4D 45 52 41 2C 20 |OF.THE .HIMERA, | 00000350: 54 48 45 20 53 4C 4F 57 20 44 49 53 4B 20 44 52 |THE SLOW DISK DR| 00000360: 49 56 45 2E 0D 0D 20 20 20 20 CF 55 52 20 4F 4C |IVE... .UR OL| 00000370: 44 20 4D 45 4E 55 20 53 59 53 54 45 4D 20 55 53 |D MENU SYSTEM US| 00000380: 45 44 20 41 0D 4D 45 4D 4F 52 59 2D 48 55 4E 47 |ED A.MEMORY-HUNG| 00000390: 52 59 20 48 49 2D 52 45 53 20 53 43 52 45 45 4E |RY HI-RES SCREEN| 000003A0: 2E 20 20 D7 45 20 47 4F 54 0D 52 49 44 20 4F 46 |. .E GOT.RID OF| 000003B0: 20 54 48 41 54 2E 20 20 D4 48 45 20 4E 45 57 20 | THAT. .HE NEW | 000003C0: 4D 45 4E 55 20 49 53 20 41 4C 4C 0D 44 4F 4E 45 |MENU IS ALL.DONE| 000003D0: 20 49 4E 20 54 48 45 20 52 45 47 55 4C 41 52 20 | IN THE REGULAR | 000003E0: 54 45 58 54 20 4D 4F 44 45 20 57 49 54 48 0D 52 |TEXT MODE WITH.R| 000003F0: 45 44 45 46 49 4E 45 44 20 43 48 41 52 41 43 54 |EDEFINED CHARACT| 00000400: 45 52 53 2E 20 20 D4 48 45 0D 48 49 2D 52 45 53 |ERS. .HE.HI-RES| 00000410: 2D 4C 49 4B 45 20 45 46 46 45 43 54 53 20 41 52 |-LIKE EFFECTS AR| 00000420: 45 20 41 4C 4C 20 50 52 4F 44 55 43 45 44 0D 42 |E ALL PRODUCED.B| 00000430: 59 20 4D 4F 44 49 46 59 49 4E 47 20 54 48 45 20 |Y MODIFYING THE | 00000440: 43 48 41 52 41 43 54 45 52 20 53 45 54 20 49 54 |CHARACTER SET IT| 00000450: 53 45 4C 46 0D 41 54 20 4D 41 43 48 49 4E 45 20 |SELF.AT MACHINE | 00000460: 4C 41 4E 47 55 41 47 45 20 53 50 45 45 44 53 2E |LANGUAGE SPEEDS.| 00000470: 0D 20 20 20 20 C1 46 54 45 52 20 4E 55 4D 45 52 |. .FTER NUMER| 00000480: 4F 55 53 20 46 49 54 46 55 4C 20 53 54 41 52 54 |OUS FITFUL START| 00000490: 53 20 57 45 0D 46 4F 55 4E 44 20 57 41 59 53 20 |S WE.FOUND WAYS | 000004A0: 54 4F 20 47 45 54 20 45 56 45 52 59 54 48 49 4E |TO GET EVERYTHIN| 000004B0: 47 20 49 4E 54 4F 0D 4D 45 4D 4F 52 59 20 41 54 |G INTO.MEMORY AT| 000004C0: 20 4F 4E 45 20 54 49 4D 45 2E 20 20 D3 45 45 20 | ONE TIME. .EE | 000004D0: 54 48 45 20 C2 D9 D4 C5 D3 0D 53 45 43 54 49 4F |THE ......SECTIO| 000004E0: 4E 20 4F 46 20 DA C5 D2 CF 20 D0 C1 C7 C5 20 46 |N OF .... .... F| 000004F0: 4F 52 20 54 48 45 20 4D 45 4D 4F 52 59 0D 4D 41 |OR THE MEMORY.MA| 00000500: 50 53 2E 0D 0D 20 20 20 20 C1 52 4F 55 4E 44 20 |PS... .ROUND | 00000510: 54 48 49 53 20 54 49 4D 45 20 49 53 20 57 48 45 |THIS TIME IS WHE| 00000520: 4E 20 54 48 45 20 57 4F 52 44 0D 22 49 4E 53 54 |N THE WORD."INST| 00000530: 41 4E 54 41 4E 45 4F 55 53 22 20 57 41 53 20 44 |ANTANEOUS" WAS D| 00000540: 52 4F 50 50 45 44 20 46 52 4F 4D 20 4F 55 52 0D |ROPPED FROM OUR.| 00000550: 56 4F 43 41 42 55 4C 41 52 59 2E 20 20 D3 45 56 |VOCABULARY. .EV| 00000560: 45 52 41 4C 20 52 4F 55 54 49 4E 45 53 20 57 45 |ERAL ROUTINES WE| 00000570: 52 45 0D 57 52 49 54 54 45 4E 20 49 4E 20 CD CC |RE.WRITTEN IN ..| 00000580: 20 54 4F 20 4B 45 45 50 20 54 48 45 20 54 49 4D | TO KEEP THE TIM| 00000590: 45 20 54 4F 0D 52 45 43 4F 4E 4E 45 43 54 20 54 |E TO.RECONNECT T| 000005A0: 4F 20 CC CF C1 C4 D3 D4 C1 D2 20 44 4F 57 4E 2C |O ........ DOWN,| 000005B0: 20 42 55 54 20 57 45 0D 53 4F 4F 4E 20 52 45 41 | BUT WE.SOON REA| 000005C0: 4C 49 5A 45 44 20 54 48 41 54 20 53 4F 4D 45 20 |LIZED THAT SOME | 000005D0: 46 49 4C 45 53 20 53 49 4D 50 4C 59 0D C8 C1 C4 |FILES SIMPLY....| 000005E0: 20 54 4F 20 42 45 20 52 45 CC CF C1 C4 45 44 20 | TO BE RE....ED | 000005F0: 49 4E 54 4F 20 4D 45 4D 4F 52 59 20 41 46 54 45 |INTO MEMORY AFTE| 00000600: 52 0D 54 48 45 20 22 D2 55 4E 20 C9 54 22 20 4F |R.THE ".UN .T" O| 00000610: 50 54 49 4F 4E 20 57 41 53 20 43 48 4F 53 45 4E |PTION WAS CHOSEN| 00000620: 2E 0D D3 49 4E 43 45 20 45 41 43 48 20 50 52 4F |...INCE EACH PRO| 00000630: 47 52 41 4D 20 4F 4E 20 54 48 45 20 44 49 53 4B |GRAM ON THE DISK| 00000640: 20 55 53 45 44 0D 44 49 46 46 45 52 45 4E 54 20 | USED.DIFFERENT | 00000650: 41 52 45 41 53 20 4F 46 20 4D 45 4D 4F 52 59 2C |AREAS OF MEMORY,| 00000660: 20 57 45 20 43 41 4D 45 20 55 50 0D 57 49 54 48 | WE CAME UP.WITH| 00000670: 20 41 20 C3 C8 C5 D8 D3 D5 CD 20 52 4F 55 54 49 | A ....... ROUTI| 00000680: 4E 45 20 57 48 49 43 48 20 57 4F 55 4C 44 0D 4C |NE WHICH WOULD.L| 00000690: 45 54 20 55 53 20 4B 4E 4F 57 20 57 48 49 43 48 |ET US KNOW WHICH| 000006A0: 20 4F 46 20 4F 55 52 20 4D 45 4E 55 20 46 49 4C | OF OUR MENU FIL| 000006B0: 45 53 0D 57 45 52 45 20 57 49 50 45 44 20 4F 55 |ES.WERE WIPED OU| 000006C0: 54 20 42 59 20 54 48 45 20 50 52 4F 47 52 41 4D |T BY THE PROGRAM| 000006D0: 2E 0D 20 20 20 20 C9 46 20 54 48 45 20 50 52 4F |.. .F THE PRO| 000006E0: 47 52 41 4D 20 43 48 4F 53 45 4E 20 46 52 4F 4D |GRAM CHOSEN FROM| 000006F0: 20 54 48 45 0D 4D 45 4E 55 20 44 49 44 4E 27 54 | THE.MENU DIDN'T| 00000700: 20 4F 56 45 52 57 52 49 54 45 20 41 20 4D 45 4E | OVERWRITE A MEN| 00000710: 55 20 46 49 4C 45 0D 41 4C 52 45 41 44 59 20 49 |U FILE.ALREADY I| 00000720: 4E 20 4D 45 4D 4F 52 59 2C 20 54 48 45 52 45 20 |N MEMORY, THERE | 00000730: 57 41 53 20 4E 4F 20 4E 45 45 44 0D 54 4F 20 52 |WAS NO NEED.TO R| 00000740: 45 CC CF C1 C4 20 49 54 2E 20 20 C6 4F 52 20 44 |E.... IT. .OR D| 00000750: 45 54 41 49 4C 53 20 4F 4E 20 54 48 49 53 0D C3 |ETAILS ON THIS..| 00000760: C8 C5 D8 D3 D5 CD 20 52 4F 55 54 49 4E 45 2C 20 |...... ROUTINE, | 00000770: 53 45 45 20 54 48 45 20 C2 C9 D4 D3 0D 41 52 54 |SEE THE .....ART| 00000780: 49 43 4C 45 2E 0D 0D 20 20 20 20 D7 45 20 46 4F |ICLE... .E FO| 00000790: 55 47 48 54 20 54 48 45 20 53 45 43 4F 4E 44 20 |UGHT THE SECOND | 000007A0: 53 45 47 4D 45 4E 54 20 4F 46 0D 54 48 45 20 C3 |SEGMENT OF.THE .| 000007B0: 48 49 4D 45 52 41 20 57 48 45 4E 20 57 45 20 44 |HIMERA WHEN WE D| 000007C0: 45 53 49 47 4E 45 44 20 54 48 45 20 4D 45 4E 55 |ESIGNED THE MENU| 000007D0: 0D 53 43 52 45 45 4E 20 49 54 53 45 4C 46 2E 20 |.SCREEN ITSELF. | 000007E0: 20 C8 4F 57 20 4D 55 43 48 20 49 4E 46 4F 52 4D | .OW MUCH INFORM| 000007F0: 41 54 49 4F 4E 0D 43 41 4E 20 42 45 20 50 4C 41 |ATION.CAN BE PLA| 00000800: 43 45 44 20 4F 4E 20 41 20 34 30 2D 43 4F 4C 55 |CED ON A 40-COLU| 00000810: 4D 4E 2C 20 32 35 2D 52 4F 57 0D 53 43 52 45 45 |MN, 25-ROW.SCREE| 00000820: 4E 20 41 54 20 4F 4E 45 20 54 49 4D 45 3F 20 20 |N AT ONE TIME? | 00000830: CF 55 52 20 4F 4C 44 20 53 59 53 54 45 4D 0D 55 |.UR OLD SYSTEM.U| 00000840: 53 45 44 20 41 20 53 43 52 4F 4C 4C 49 4E 47 20 |SED A SCROLLING | 00000850: 53 43 52 45 45 4E 2C 20 42 55 54 20 57 45 0D 57 |SCREEN, BUT WE.W| 00000860: 41 4E 54 45 44 20 53 4F 4D 45 54 48 49 4E 47 20 |ANTED SOMETHING | 00000870: 44 49 46 46 45 52 45 4E 54 20 53 4F 20 57 45 0D |DIFFERENT SO WE.| 00000880: 43 48 4F 53 45 20 53 55 42 2D 4D 45 4E 55 53 2E |CHOSE SUB-MENUS.| 00000890: 20 20 D3 49 4E 43 45 20 C5 4E 47 4C 49 53 48 20 | .INCE .NGLISH | 000008A0: 49 53 0D 52 45 41 44 20 46 52 4F 4D 20 4C 45 46 |IS.READ FROM LEF| 000008B0: 54 20 54 4F 20 52 49 47 48 54 2C 20 54 4F 50 20 |T TO RIGHT, TOP | 000008C0: 54 4F 0D 42 4F 54 54 4F 4D 2C 20 57 45 20 50 52 |TO.BOTTOM, WE PR| 000008D0: 45 54 54 59 20 4D 55 43 48 20 48 41 44 20 54 4F |ETTY MUCH HAD TO| 000008E0: 20 48 41 56 45 0D 54 48 45 20 4D 41 49 4E 20 4D | HAVE.THE MAIN M| 000008F0: 45 4E 55 20 49 54 45 4D 53 20 4F 4E 20 54 48 45 |ENU ITEMS ON THE| 00000900: 20 4C 45 46 54 20 41 4E 44 0D 54 48 45 20 53 55 | LEFT AND.THE SU| 00000910: 42 2D 4D 45 4E 55 20 49 54 45 4D 53 20 4F 4E 20 |B-MENU ITEMS ON | 00000920: 54 48 45 20 52 49 47 48 54 2E 0D 20 20 20 20 D4 |THE RIGHT.. .| 00000930: 48 45 20 42 4F 54 54 4F 4D 20 4F 46 20 54 48 45 |HE BOTTOM OF THE| 00000940: 20 53 43 52 45 45 4E 20 57 45 20 55 53 45 44 0D | SCREEN WE USED.| 00000950: 46 4F 52 20 51 55 49 43 4B 20 44 45 53 43 52 49 |FOR QUICK DESCRI| 00000960: 50 54 49 4F 4E 53 20 4F 46 20 54 48 45 20 49 54 |PTIONS OF THE IT| 00000970: 45 4D 0D 50 4F 49 4E 54 45 44 20 54 4F 20 55 50 |EM.POINTED TO UP| 00000980: 20 41 42 4F 56 45 2E 0D 0D 20 20 20 20 D7 45 20 | ABOVE... .E | 00000990: 46 49 47 55 52 45 44 20 54 48 45 20 42 45 53 54 |FIGURED THE BEST| 000009A0: 20 57 41 59 20 54 4F 20 53 48 4F 57 0D 41 44 44 | WAY TO SHOW.ADD| 000009B0: 49 54 49 4F 4E 41 4C 20 49 4E 46 4F 52 4D 41 54 |ITIONAL INFORMAT| 000009C0: 49 4F 4E 20 53 55 43 48 20 41 53 20 48 45 4C 50 |ION SUCH AS HELP| 000009D0: 0D 53 43 52 45 45 4E 53 20 57 41 53 20 54 4F 20 |.SCREENS WAS TO | 000009E0: 55 53 45 20 57 49 4E 44 4F 57 53 2E 20 20 D4 48 |USE WINDOWS. .H| 000009F0: 49 53 0D 4D 45 41 4E 54 20 57 45 20 4E 45 45 44 |IS.MEANT WE NEED| 00000A00: 45 44 20 41 4E 4F 54 48 45 52 20 42 55 46 46 45 |ED ANOTHER BUFFE| 00000A10: 52 20 49 4E 0D 4D 45 4D 4F 52 59 20 54 4F 20 52 |R IN.MEMORY TO R| 00000A20: 45 4D 45 4D 42 45 52 20 57 48 41 54 27 53 20 55 |EMEMBER WHAT'S U| 00000A30: 4E 44 45 52 20 54 48 45 0D 57 49 4E 44 4F 57 2E |NDER THE.WINDOW.| 00000A40: 20 20 CE 4F 20 50 52 4F 42 4C 45 4D 2E 20 20 C2 | .O PROBLEM. .| 00000A50: 59 20 4E 4F 57 20 57 45 20 57 45 52 45 0D 55 53 |Y NOW WE WERE.US| 00000A60: 45 44 20 54 4F 20 53 48 49 46 54 49 4E 47 20 4D |ED TO SHIFTING M| 00000A70: 45 4D 4F 52 59 20 41 52 4F 55 4E 44 20 54 4F 0D |EMORY AROUND TO.| 00000A80: 41 43 43 4F 4D 4D 4F 44 41 54 45 20 4E 45 57 20 |ACCOMMODATE NEW | 00000A90: 46 45 41 54 55 52 45 53 2E 0D 0D 20 20 20 20 C1 |FEATURES... .| 00000AA0: 4E 49 4D 41 54 49 4F 4E 2E 20 20 D7 45 20 57 41 |NIMATION. .E WA| 00000AB0: 4E 54 45 44 20 49 54 2C 20 42 55 54 20 48 4F 57 |NTED IT, BUT HOW| 00000AC0: 0D 4D 55 43 48 20 43 4F 55 4C 44 20 57 45 20 41 |.MUCH COULD WE A| 00000AD0: 46 46 4F 52 44 2C 20 47 49 56 45 4E 20 54 48 45 |FFORD, GIVEN THE| 00000AE0: 0D 41 4D 4F 55 4E 54 20 4F 46 20 C2 C1 D3 C9 C3 |.AMOUNT OF .....| 00000AF0: 20 41 52 45 41 20 57 45 20 48 41 44 20 4C 45 46 | AREA WE HAD LEF| 00000B00: 54 3F 20 20 D7 45 0D 53 45 54 54 4C 45 44 20 46 |T? .E.SETTLED F| 00000B10: 4F 52 20 54 48 45 20 53 4C 49 44 49 4E 47 20 46 |OR THE SLIDING F| 00000B20: 4F 4C 44 45 52 2E 20 20 CD 4F 52 45 0D 45 46 46 |OLDER. .ORE.EFF| 00000B30: 45 43 54 53 20 57 49 4C 4C 20 43 52 45 45 50 20 |ECTS WILL CREEP | 00000B40: 49 4E 54 4F 20 4F 55 52 20 4D 45 4E 55 20 41 53 |INTO OUR MENU AS| 00000B50: 0D 54 49 4D 45 20 47 4F 45 53 20 42 59 2C 20 42 |.TIME GOES BY, B| 00000B60: 55 54 20 46 4F 52 20 4E 4F 57 20 54 48 41 54 27 |UT FOR NOW THAT'| 00000B70: 53 20 49 54 2E 0D 20 20 20 20 C1 53 20 49 54 20 |S IT.. .S IT | 00000B80: 49 53 2C 20 54 48 45 20 4F 4E 4C 59 20 57 41 59 |IS, THE ONLY WAY| 00000B90: 20 54 4F 20 46 49 54 20 54 48 45 0D C2 C1 D3 C9 | TO FIT THE.....| 00000BA0: C3 20 44 52 49 56 45 52 20 49 4E 54 4F 20 C2 41 |. DRIVER INTO .A| 00000BB0: 4E 4B 20 30 20 41 4C 4F 4E 47 20 57 49 54 48 0D |NK 0 ALONG WITH.| 00000BC0: 54 48 45 20 53 43 52 45 45 4E 20 4D 45 4D 4F 52 |THE SCREEN MEMOR| 00000BD0: 59 2C 20 43 48 41 52 41 43 54 45 52 20 53 45 54 |Y, CHARACTER SET| 00000BE0: 20 41 4E 44 0D 53 50 52 49 54 45 53 20 49 53 20 | AND.SPRITES IS | 00000BF0: 54 4F 20 43 52 55 4E 43 48 20 49 54 2E 20 20 C9 |TO CRUNCH IT. .| 00000C00: 46 20 59 4F 55 20 CC CF C1 C4 0D 41 4E 44 20 CC |F YOU .....AND .| 00000C10: C9 D3 D4 20 22 50 52 45 53 45 4E 54 45 52 22 2C |... "PRESENTER",| 00000C20: 20 59 4F 55 27 4C 4C 20 4E 4F 54 49 43 45 0D 54 | YOU'LL NOTICE.T| 00000C30: 48 41 54 20 49 54 20 48 41 53 20 4C 4F 4E 47 20 |HAT IT HAS LONG | 00000C40: 4C 49 4E 45 53 20 4F 46 20 43 4F 4D 50 41 43 54 |LINES OF COMPACT| 00000C50: 0D 43 4F 44 45 2E 20 20 C6 4F 52 54 55 4E 41 54 |.CODE. .ORTUNAT| 00000C60: 45 4C 59 2C 20 42 45 43 41 55 53 45 20 4F 46 20 |ELY, BECAUSE OF | 00000C70: 54 48 45 0D 46 49 4C 45 20 43 41 4C 4C 45 44 20 |THE.FILE CALLED | 00000C80: 22 46 45 41 54 55 52 45 53 22 2C 20 22 50 52 45 |"FEATURES", "PRE| 00000C90: 53 45 4E 54 45 52 22 0D 52 41 52 45 4C 59 20 4E |SENTER".RARELY N| 00000CA0: 45 45 44 53 20 4D 4F 44 49 46 49 43 41 54 49 4F |EEDS MODIFICATIO| 00000CB0: 4E 2E 0D 0D 20 20 20 20 CF 55 52 20 4D 45 4E 55 |N... .UR MENU| 00000CC0: 20 53 59 53 54 45 4D 20 57 41 53 4E 27 54 20 44 | SYSTEM WASN'T D| 00000CD0: 45 53 49 47 4E 45 44 0D 46 4F 52 20 55 53 45 20 |ESIGNED.FOR USE | 00000CE0: 57 49 54 48 20 59 4F 55 52 20 4F 57 4E 20 50 52 |WITH YOUR OWN PR| 00000CF0: 4F 47 52 41 4D 53 2C 20 42 55 54 0D 49 46 20 59 |OGRAMS, BUT.IF Y| 00000D00: 4F 55 20 41 52 45 20 41 4E 20 49 4E 54 45 52 4D |OU ARE AN INTERM| 00000D10: 45 44 49 41 54 45 2D 4C 45 56 45 4C 0D 50 52 4F |EDIATE-LEVEL.PRO| 00000D20: 47 52 41 4D 4D 45 52 20 41 4E 44 20 41 52 45 20 |GRAMMER AND ARE | 00000D30: 57 49 4C 4C 49 4E 47 20 54 4F 0D 45 58 50 45 52 |WILLING TO.EXPER| 00000D40: 49 4D 45 4E 54 20 41 20 4C 49 54 54 4C 45 2C 20 |IMENT A LITTLE, | 00000D50: 59 4F 55 20 53 48 4F 55 4C 44 20 42 45 0D 41 42 |YOU SHOULD BE.AB| 00000D60: 4C 45 20 54 4F 20 4D 4F 44 49 46 59 20 22 46 45 |LE TO MODIFY "FE| 00000D70: 41 54 55 52 45 53 22 20 41 43 43 4F 52 44 49 4E |ATURES" ACCORDIN| 00000D80: 47 4C 59 2E 0D D2 45 41 44 49 4E 47 20 C2 D9 D4 |GLY...EADING ...| 00000D90: C5 D3 20 41 4E 44 20 C2 C9 D4 D3 20 57 49 4C 4C |.. AND .... WILL| 00000DA0: 20 48 45 4C 50 2E 0D 0D 0D 20 20 20 20 D7 45 20 | HELP.... .E | 00000DB0: 54 48 4F 55 47 48 54 20 41 42 4F 55 54 20 41 44 |THOUGHT ABOUT AD| 00000DC0: 44 49 4E 47 20 41 0D 22 54 55 52 42 4F 2D 4C 4F |DING A."TURBO-LO| 00000DD0: 41 44 22 20 4D 4F 44 55 4C 45 20 54 4F 20 53 50 |AD" MODULE TO SP| 00000DE0: 45 45 44 20 54 48 49 4E 47 53 0D 55 50 2C 20 42 |EED THINGS.UP, B| 00000DF0: 55 54 20 45 58 50 45 52 49 45 4E 43 45 20 48 41 |UT EXPERIENCE HA| 00000E00: 53 20 53 48 4F 57 4E 20 55 53 20 54 48 41 54 0D |S SHOWN US THAT.| 00000E10: 54 48 49 53 20 49 53 20 4E 4F 54 20 41 20 47 4F |THIS IS NOT A GO| 00000E20: 4F 44 20 49 44 45 41 2E 20 20 D7 48 45 4E 20 57 |OD IDEA. .HEN W| 00000E30: 45 0D 55 53 45 44 20 22 53 49 5A 5A 4C 45 22 20 |E.USED "SIZZLE" | 00000E40: 41 20 43 4F 55 50 4C 45 20 4F 46 20 59 45 41 52 |A COUPLE OF YEAR| 00000E50: 53 20 41 47 4F 0D 57 45 20 52 45 43 45 49 56 45 |S AGO.WE RECEIVE| 00000E60: 44 20 43 4F 4D 50 4C 41 49 4E 54 53 20 46 52 4F |D COMPLAINTS FRO| 00000E70: 4D 20 52 45 41 44 45 52 53 0D 57 48 4F 20 48 41 |M READERS.WHO HA| 00000E80: 56 45 20 54 48 49 52 44 2D 50 41 52 54 59 20 44 |VE THIRD-PARTY D| 00000E90: 49 53 4B 20 44 52 49 56 45 53 20 41 4E 44 0D 50 |ISK DRIVES AND.P| 00000EA0: 45 4F 50 4C 45 20 57 48 4F 20 48 41 56 45 20 C6 |EOPLE WHO HAVE .| 00000EB0: 41 53 54 CC 4F 41 44 20 43 41 52 54 52 49 44 47 |AST.OAD CARTRIDG| 00000EC0: 45 53 0D 41 4C 52 45 41 44 59 2E 20 20 CC CF C1 |ES.ALREADY. ...| 00000ED0: C4 D3 D4 C1 D2 20 49 53 20 39 35 25 20 43 4F 4D |..... IS 95% COM| 00000EE0: 50 41 54 49 42 4C 45 0D 57 49 54 48 20 54 48 45 |PATIBLE.WITH THE| 00000EF0: 20 C5 D0 D9 D8 20 C6 41 53 54 CC 4F 41 44 20 43 | .... .AST.OAD C| 00000F00: 41 52 54 52 49 44 47 45 2E 20 20 C9 54 0D 49 53 |ARTRIDGE. .T.IS| 00000F10: 20 4E 4F 54 20 43 4F 4D 50 41 54 49 42 4C 45 20 | NOT COMPATIBLE | 00000F20: 57 49 54 48 20 54 48 45 20 31 37 36 34 20 D2 C1 |WITH THE 1764 ..| 00000F30: CD 0D 45 58 50 41 4E 53 49 4F 4E 20 4F 52 20 54 |..EXPANSION OR T| 00000F40: 48 45 20 31 35 38 31 20 44 49 53 4B 20 44 52 49 |HE 1581 DISK DRI| 00000F50: 56 45 2E 0D 0D 20 20 20 20 C2 45 43 41 55 53 45 |VE... .ECAUSE| 00000F60: 20 57 45 20 41 52 45 20 46 4F 52 20 C1 CC CC 20 | WE ARE FOR ... | 00000F70: C3 36 34 20 55 53 45 52 53 2C 0D CC CF C1 C4 D3 |.64 USERS,......| 00000F80: D4 C1 D2 20 54 52 49 45 53 20 54 4F 20 42 45 20 |... TRIES TO BE | 00000F90: 41 53 20 47 45 4E 45 52 49 43 20 41 53 0D 50 4F |AS GENERIC AS.PO| 00000FA0: 53 53 49 42 4C 45 2E 20 20 C1 4C 4C 20 50 52 49 |SSIBLE. .LL PRI| 00000FB0: 4E 54 45 52 53 20 54 48 41 54 20 45 4D 55 4C 41 |NTERS THAT EMULA| 00000FC0: 54 45 0D 54 48 45 20 31 35 32 35 20 53 48 4F 55 |TE.THE 1525 SHOU| 00000FD0: 4C 44 20 57 4F 52 4B 20 57 49 54 48 20 CC CF C1 |LD WORK WITH ...| 00000FE0: C4 D3 D4 C1 D2 2E 0D 0D 0D 20 20 20 20 C1 53 20 |......... .S | 00000FF0: 41 20 57 49 53 45 20 4D 41 4E 20 4F 4E 43 45 20 |A WISE MAN ONCE | 00001000: 53 41 49 44 2C 20 22 D4 48 45 0D 4E 49 43 45 20 |SAID, ".HE.NICE | 00001010: 54 48 49 4E 47 20 41 42 4F 55 54 20 53 54 41 4E |THING ABOUT STAN| 00001020: 44 41 52 44 53 20 49 4E 20 54 48 45 0D 43 4F 4D |DARDS IN THE.COM| 00001030: 50 55 54 45 52 20 49 4E 44 55 53 54 52 59 20 49 |PUTER INDUSTRY I| 00001040: 53 20 54 48 41 54 20 54 48 45 52 45 20 41 52 45 |S THAT THERE ARE| 00001050: 0D 53 4F 20 4D 41 4E 59 20 4F 46 20 54 48 45 4D |.SO MANY OF THEM| 00001060: 20 54 4F 20 43 48 4F 4F 53 45 20 46 52 4F 4D 2E | TO CHOOSE FROM.| 00001070: 22 0D 0D 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 2A 2A 2A 2A 20 |".. **** | 00001080: C5 4E 44 20 4F 46 20 D4 45 58 54 20 2A 2A 2A 2A |.ND OF .EXT ****| 00001090: 0D |. |
..^U:ZERO. BASICS: THE LOADSTAR ME NU.. BY FENDER TUCKER.. WE HAD BIG PLANS WHEN WE FIRST.DECIDED TO C OME UP WITH A NEW MENU.SYSTEM FOR LOADST AR. "INSTANTANEOUS".WAS A WORD HEARD OF TEN IN OUR.HALLOWED HALLS. "ANIMATION" WAS.ANOTHER. HERE, FOR THE FIRST TIME,. IS THE TRUE STORY, REDOLENT WITH.DASHED DREAMS AND PITIFUL PITFALLS... WE WER E BATTLING THE COMMODOREAN.CHIMERA, A CR EATURE COMPOSED OF 64K.MEMORY, A 40-COLU MN SCREEN, AND A.SLOW DRIVE ACCESS. AND ALL WE HAD.WAS OUR WITS... THE FIRST PART OF OUR TASK WAS TO.FIT EVERYTHING WE NEEDED INTO MEMORY..OUR MENU SYSTEM R EQUIRES A BASIC.DRIVER, A CHARACTER SET, SPRITES, A.MUSIC PLAYER, A TEXT HANDLER , A FILE.HANDLER, AND BUFFERS FOR TEXT A ND.MUSIC DATA. ALL OF THESE NEED TO BE. IN MEMORY AT ONE TIME UNLESS WE WANT.TO CONSTANTLY FIGHT THE THIRD PART OF.THE C HIMERA, THE SLOW DISK DRIVE... OUR OL D MENU SYSTEM USED A.MEMORY-HUNGRY HI-RE S SCREEN. WE GOT.RID OF THAT. THE NEW MENU IS ALL.DONE IN THE REGULAR TEXT MOD E WITH.REDEFINED CHARACTERS. THE.HI-RES -LIKE EFFECTS ARE ALL PRODUCED.BY MODIFY ING THE CHARACTER SET ITSELF.AT MACHINE LANGUAGE SPEEDS.. AFTER NUMEROUS FITF UL STARTS WE.FOUND WAYS TO GET EVERYTHIN G INTO.MEMORY AT ONE TIME. SEE THE BYTE S.SECTION OF ZERO PAGE FOR THE MEMORY.MA PS... AROUND THIS TIME IS WHEN THE WO RD."INSTANTANEOUS" WAS DROPPED FROM OUR. VOCABULARY. SEVERAL ROUTINES WERE.WRITT EN IN ML TO KEEP THE TIME TO.RECONNECT T O LOADSTAR DOWN, BUT WE.SOON REALIZED TH AT SOME FILES SIMPLY.HAD TO BE RELOADED INTO MEMORY AFTER.THE "RUN IT" OPTION WA S CHOSEN..SINCE EACH PROGRAM ON THE DISK USED.DIFFERENT AREAS OF MEMORY, WE CAME UP.WITH A CHEXSUM ROUTINE WHICH WOULD.L ET US KNOW WHICH OF OUR MENU FILES.WERE WIPED OUT BY THE PROGRAM.. IF THE PRO GRAM CHOSEN FROM THE.MENU DIDN'T OVERWRI TE A MENU FILE.ALREADY IN MEMORY, THERE WAS NO NEED.TO RELOAD IT. FOR DETAILS O N THIS.CHEXSUM ROUTINE, SEE THE BITS.ART ICLE... WE FOUGHT THE SECOND SEGMENT OF.THE CHIMERA WHEN WE DESIGNED THE MENU .SCREEN ITSELF. HOW MUCH INFORMATION.CA N BE PLACED ON A 40-COLUMN, 25-ROW.SCREE N AT ONE TIME? OUR OLD SYSTEM.USED A SC ROLLING SCREEN, BUT WE.WANTED SOMETHING DIFFERENT SO WE.CHOSE SUB-MENUS. SINCE ENGLISH IS.READ FROM LEFT TO RIGHT, TOP TO.BOTTOM, WE PRETTY MUCH HAD TO HAVE.TH E MAIN MENU ITEMS ON THE LEFT AND.THE SU B-MENU ITEMS ON THE RIGHT.. THE BOTTO M OF THE SCREEN WE USED.FOR QUICK DESCRI PTIONS OF THE ITEM.POINTED TO UP ABOVE.. . WE FIGURED THE BEST WAY TO SHOW.ADD ITIONAL INFORMATION SUCH AS HELP.SCREENS WAS TO USE WINDOWS. THIS.MEANT WE NEED ED ANOTHER BUFFER IN.MEMORY TO REMEMBER WHAT'S UNDER THE.WINDOW. NO PROBLEM. B Y NOW WE WERE.USED TO SHIFTING MEMORY AR OUND TO.ACCOMMODATE NEW FEATURES... A NIMATION. WE WANTED IT, BUT HOW.MUCH CO ULD WE AFFORD, GIVEN THE.AMOUNT OF BASIC AREA WE HAD LEFT? WE.SETTLED FOR THE S LIDING FOLDER. MORE.EFFECTS WILL CREEP INTO OUR MENU AS.TIME GOES BY, BUT FOR N OW THAT'S IT.. AS IT IS, THE ONLY WAY TO FIT THE.BASIC DRIVER INTO BANK 0 ALO NG WITH.THE SCREEN MEMORY, CHARACTER SET AND.SPRITES IS TO CRUNCH IT. IF YOU LO AD.AND LIST "PRESENTER", YOU'LL NOTICE.T HAT IT HAS LONG LINES OF COMPACT.CODE. FORTUNATELY, BECAUSE OF THE.FILE CALLED "FEATURES", "PRESENTER".RARELY NEEDS MOD IFICATION... OUR MENU SYSTEM WASN'T D ESIGNED.FOR USE WITH YOUR OWN PROGRAMS, BUT.IF YOU ARE AN INTERMEDIATE-LEVEL.PRO GRAMMER AND ARE WILLING TO.EXPERIMENT A LITTLE, YOU SHOULD BE.ABLE TO MODIFY "FE ATURES" ACCORDINGLY..READING BYTES AND B ITS WILL HELP.... WE THOUGHT ABOUT AD DING A."TURBO-LOAD" MODULE TO SPEED THIN GS.UP, BUT EXPERIENCE HAS SHOWN US THAT. THIS IS NOT A GOOD IDEA. WHEN WE.USED " SIZZLE" A COUPLE OF YEARS AGO.WE RECEIVE D COMPLAINTS FROM READERS.WHO HAVE THIRD -PARTY DISK DRIVES AND.PEOPLE WHO HAVE F ASTLOAD CARTRIDGES.ALREADY. LOADSTAR IS 95% COMPATIBLE.WITH THE EPYX FASTLOAD C ARTRIDGE. IT.IS NOT COMPATIBLE WITH THE 1764 RAM.EXPANSION OR THE 1581 DISK DRI VE... BECAUSE WE ARE FOR ALL C64 USER S,.LOADSTAR TRIES TO BE AS GENERIC AS.PO SSIBLE. ALL PRINTERS THAT EMULATE.THE 1 525 SHOULD WORK WITH LOADSTAR.... AS A WISE MAN ONCE SAID, "THE.NICE THING AB OUT STANDARDS IN THE.COMPUTER INDUSTRY I S THAT THERE ARE.SO MANY OF THEM TO CHOO SE FROM.".. **** END OF TEXT **** .
> CLICK IMAGE PREVIEW FOR FULL MODAL