T.INVESTOR
FILE INFORMATION
FILENAME(S): T.INVESTOR
FILE TYPE(S): PRG
FILE SIZE: 4.8K
FIRST SEEN: 2025-11-30 18:12:07
APPEARS ON: 1 disk(s)
FILE HASH
cbbf949a1679cb61fe409a99e034008f4865cf65933aca2d889c66796c7fb032
FOUND ON DISKS (1 DISKS)
| DISK TITLE | FILENAME | FILE TYPE | COLLECTION | TRACK | SECTOR | ACTIONS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LOADSTAR 64 S 1 | T.INVESTOR | PRG | Sailor, Ganheden | 21 | 15 | DOWNLOAD FILE |
FILE CONTENT & ANALYSIS
00000000: 00 80 5E 55 3A 5A 45 52 4F 0D 20 20 20 20 C2 D9 |..^U:ZERO. ..| 00000010: D4 C5 D3 3A 20 D4 48 45 20 C9 4E 56 45 53 54 4F |...: .HE .NVESTO| 00000020: 52 27 53 20 C6 4F 52 4D 55 4C 41 0D 0D 20 20 20 |R'S .ORMULA.. | 00000030: 20 20 20 20 20 20 42 59 20 CD 41 52 54 59 20 CD | BY .ARTY .| 00000040: 41 54 54 48 45 57 53 0D 0D 20 20 20 20 CC 41 53 |ATTHEWS.. .AS| 00000050: 54 20 4D 4F 4E 54 48 20 C9 20 50 52 45 53 45 4E |T MONTH . PRESEN| 00000060: 54 45 44 20 54 48 45 0D CC 45 4E 44 45 52 27 53 |TED THE..ENDER'S| 00000070: 20 C6 4F 52 4D 55 4C 41 20 57 48 49 43 48 20 43 | .ORMULA WHICH C| 00000080: 41 4C 43 55 4C 41 54 45 44 20 48 4F 57 0D 4D 55 |ALCULATED HOW.MU| 00000090: 43 48 20 59 4F 55 27 44 20 50 41 59 20 42 41 43 |CH YOU'D PAY BAC| 000000A0: 4B 20 49 46 20 59 4F 55 20 42 4F 52 52 4F 57 45 |K IF YOU BORROWE| 000000B0: 44 0D 4D 4F 4E 45 59 2E 20 20 D4 48 49 53 20 4D |D.MONEY. .HIS M| 000000C0: 4F 4E 54 48 20 C9 27 4D 20 50 52 45 53 45 4E 54 |ONTH .'M PRESENT| 000000D0: 49 4E 47 20 54 48 45 0D C9 4E 56 45 53 54 4F 52 |ING THE..NVESTOR| 000000E0: 27 53 20 C6 4F 52 4D 55 4C 41 2C 20 57 48 49 43 |'S .ORMULA, WHIC| 000000F0: 48 20 57 49 4C 4C 0D 43 41 4C 43 55 4C 41 54 45 |H WILL.CALCULATE| 00000100: 20 48 4F 57 20 4D 55 43 48 20 59 4F 55 27 4C 4C | HOW MUCH YOU'LL| 00000110: 20 43 4F 4C 4C 45 43 54 20 49 46 0D 59 4F 55 20 | COLLECT IF.YOU | 00000120: 4C 4F 41 4E 20 4D 4F 4E 45 59 2E 20 20 C9 54 20 |LOAN MONEY. .T | 00000130: 41 4C 53 4F 20 53 48 4F 57 53 20 41 20 46 45 57 |ALSO SHOWS A FEW| 00000140: 0D 4F 54 48 45 52 20 54 48 49 4E 47 53 2C 20 41 |.OTHER THINGS, A| 00000150: 53 20 59 4F 55 27 4C 4C 20 53 45 45 2E 0D 0D 20 |S YOU'LL SEE... | 00000160: 20 20 20 D4 48 45 52 45 20 49 53 20 41 20 D2 55 | .HERE IS A .U| 00000170: 4E 20 C9 54 20 50 52 4F 47 52 41 4D 20 57 48 49 |N .T PROGRAM WHI| 00000180: 43 48 0D 4C 45 54 53 20 59 4F 55 20 50 4C 41 59 |CH.LETS YOU PLAY| 00000190: 20 22 57 48 41 54 20 49 46 2E 2E 2E 22 20 57 49 | "WHAT IF..." WI| 000001A0: 54 48 0D 46 49 47 55 52 45 53 2E 20 20 C6 49 52 |TH.FIGURES. .IR| 000001B0: 53 54 20 C9 27 4C 4C 20 45 58 50 4C 41 49 4E 20 |ST .'LL EXPLAIN | 000001C0: 48 4F 57 20 54 48 45 0D 50 52 4F 47 52 41 4D 20 |HOW THE.PROGRAM | 000001D0: 57 4F 52 4B 53 2C 20 54 48 45 4E 20 C9 27 4C 4C |WORKS, THEN .'LL| 000001E0: 20 44 49 53 43 55 53 53 20 48 4F 57 0D 59 4F 55 | DISCUSS HOW.YOU| 000001F0: 20 43 41 4E 20 55 53 45 20 54 48 45 20 50 52 4F | CAN USE THE PRO| 00000200: 47 52 41 4D 20 49 54 53 45 4C 46 2E 0D 0D 0D 20 |GRAM ITSELF.... | 00000210: 20 20 20 D4 48 45 52 45 20 41 52 45 20 54 57 4F | .HERE ARE TWO| 00000220: 20 46 4F 52 4D 55 4C 41 53 3B 20 4F 4E 45 20 46 | FORMULAS; ONE F| 00000230: 4F 52 20 41 0D 53 49 4E 47 4C 45 20 50 41 59 4D |OR A.SINGLE PAYM| 00000240: 45 4E 54 20 41 43 43 55 4D 55 4C 41 54 49 4F 4E |ENT ACCUMULATION| 00000250: 20 41 4E 44 20 4F 4E 45 0D 46 4F 52 20 54 48 45 | AND ONE.FOR THE| 00000260: 20 50 45 52 49 4F 44 49 43 20 49 4E 56 45 53 54 | PERIODIC INVEST| 00000270: 4D 45 4E 54 20 4F 46 20 41 0D 46 49 58 45 44 20 |MENT OF A.FIXED | 00000280: 41 4D 4F 55 4E 54 2E 20 D4 48 45 20 46 49 52 53 |AMOUNT. .HE FIRS| 00000290: 54 20 46 4F 52 4D 55 4C 41 20 49 53 0D 54 48 45 |T FORMULA IS.THE| 000002A0: 20 22 C1 4D 4F 55 4E 54 20 41 54 20 C3 4F 4D 50 | ".MOUNT AT .OMP| 000002B0: 4F 55 4E 44 20 C9 4E 54 45 52 45 53 54 22 2C 0D |OUND .NTEREST",.| 000002C0: 41 4E 44 20 54 48 45 20 53 45 43 4F 4E 44 20 49 |AND THE SECOND I| 000002D0: 53 20 54 48 45 20 22 C1 4D 4F 55 4E 54 20 4F 46 |S THE ".MOUNT OF| 000002E0: 20 41 4E 0D C1 4E 4E 55 49 54 59 22 2E 0D 0D 20 | AN..NNUITY"... | 000002F0: 20 20 20 D4 48 45 20 46 4F 52 4D 55 4C 41 20 46 | .HE FORMULA F| 00000300: 4F 52 20 C3 4F 4D 50 4F 55 4E 44 20 C9 4E 54 45 |OR .OMPOUND .NTE| 00000310: 52 45 53 54 0D 4C 4F 4F 4B 53 20 4C 49 4B 45 20 |REST.LOOKS LIKE | 00000320: 54 48 49 53 3A 0D 0D 20 20 D4 20 3D 20 C1 20 2A |THIS:.. . = . *| 00000330: 20 28 28 31 20 2B 20 D2 2F D1 29 20 5E 20 28 D9 | ((1 + ./.) ^ (.| 00000340: 2A D1 29 29 0D 0D 41 4E 44 2C 20 54 48 45 20 46 |*.))..AND, THE F| 00000350: 4F 52 4D 55 4C 41 20 46 4F 52 20 54 48 45 20 C1 |ORMULA FOR THE .| 00000360: 4D 4F 55 4E 54 20 4F 46 20 41 4E 0D C1 4E 4E 55 |MOUNT OF AN..NNU| 00000370: 49 54 59 20 4C 4F 4F 4B 53 20 4C 49 4B 45 20 54 |ITY LOOKS LIKE T| 00000380: 48 49 53 3A 0D 0D 20 20 D4 20 3D 20 C1 20 2A 20 |HIS:.. . = . * | 00000390: 28 28 28 28 31 20 2B 20 D2 2F D1 29 20 5E 20 28 |((((1 + ./.) ^ (| 000003A0: D9 2A D1 20 2B 20 31 29 29 0D 20 20 20 20 20 20 |.*. + 1)). | 000003B0: 20 20 20 2D 20 31 29 20 2F 20 28 D2 2F D1 29 20 | - 1) / (./.) | 000003C0: 2D 20 31 29 0D 0D 20 20 20 20 D4 20 49 53 20 54 |- 1).. . IS T| 000003D0: 48 45 20 54 4F 54 41 4C 20 41 4D 4F 55 4E 54 0D |HE TOTAL AMOUNT.| 000003E0: 20 20 20 20 C1 20 49 53 20 45 49 54 48 45 52 20 | . IS EITHER | 000003F0: 54 48 45 20 53 49 4E 47 4C 45 20 50 41 59 4D 45 |THE SINGLE PAYME| 00000400: 4E 54 20 4F 52 0D 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |NT OR. | 00000410: 45 41 43 48 20 50 45 52 49 4F 44 49 43 20 50 41 |EACH PERIODIC PA| 00000420: 59 4D 45 4E 54 2C 0D 20 20 20 20 D9 20 49 53 20 |YMENT,. . IS | 00000430: 54 48 45 20 4E 55 4D 42 45 52 20 4F 46 20 59 45 |THE NUMBER OF YE| 00000440: 41 52 53 2C 0D 20 20 20 20 D2 20 49 53 20 54 48 |ARS,. . IS TH| 00000450: 45 20 49 4E 54 45 52 45 53 54 20 52 41 54 45 20 |E INTEREST RATE | 00000460: 50 45 52 20 59 45 41 52 2C 0D 20 20 20 20 D1 20 |PER YEAR,. . | 00000470: 49 53 20 54 48 45 20 4E 55 4D 42 45 52 20 4F 46 |IS THE NUMBER OF| 00000480: 20 50 41 59 4D 45 4E 54 53 20 4F 52 0D 20 20 20 | PAYMENTS OR. | 00000490: 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 43 4F 4D 50 4F 55 4E 44 49 | COMPOUNDI| 000004A0: 4E 47 53 20 50 45 52 20 59 45 41 52 2E 0D 0D 20 |NGS PER YEAR... | 000004B0: 20 20 20 D4 48 45 20 53 4F 4C 55 54 49 4F 4E 20 | .HE SOLUTION | 000004C0: 57 49 54 48 20 52 45 53 50 45 43 54 20 54 4F 20 |WITH RESPECT TO | 000004D0: D4 20 4F 52 0D C1 20 49 53 20 52 45 4C 41 54 49 |. OR.. IS RELATI| 000004E0: 56 45 4C 59 20 53 49 4D 50 4C 45 20 49 46 20 57 |VELY SIMPLE IF W| 000004F0: 45 20 48 41 56 45 20 41 4C 4C 0D 54 48 45 20 4F |E HAVE ALL.THE O| 00000500: 54 48 45 52 20 56 41 52 49 41 42 4C 45 53 2E 20 |THER VARIABLES. | 00000510: 20 D4 48 45 20 46 4F 52 4D 55 4C 41 53 20 41 53 | .HE FORMULAS AS| 00000520: 0D 54 48 45 59 20 41 50 50 45 41 52 20 41 42 4F |.THEY APPEAR ABO| 00000530: 56 45 20 57 49 4C 4C 20 50 52 4F 44 55 43 45 20 |VE WILL PRODUCE | 00000540: D4 2E 20 20 D4 4F 0D 43 41 4C 43 55 4C 41 54 45 |.. .O.CALCULATE| 00000550: 20 C1 2C 20 49 4E 53 54 45 41 44 20 4F 46 20 4D | ., INSTEAD OF M| 00000560: 55 4C 54 49 50 4C 59 49 4E 47 0D 54 48 45 20 52 |ULTIPLYING.THE R| 00000570: 45 53 54 20 4F 46 20 54 48 45 20 52 49 47 48 54 |EST OF THE RIGHT| 00000580: 20 48 41 4E 44 20 53 49 44 45 20 4F 46 0D 54 48 | HAND SIDE OF.TH| 00000590: 45 20 45 51 55 41 54 49 4F 4E 20 42 59 20 C1 2C |E EQUATION BY .,| 000005A0: 20 44 49 56 49 44 45 20 49 54 20 49 4E 54 4F 20 | DIVIDE IT INTO | 000005B0: D4 2E 0D C9 4E 20 54 48 45 20 46 49 4C 45 2C 20 |....N THE FILE, | 000005C0: 22 42 59 54 45 53 22 2C 20 54 48 45 20 52 49 47 |"BYTES", THE RIG| 000005D0: 48 54 20 53 49 44 45 0D 4F 46 20 54 48 45 20 45 |HT SIDE.OF THE E| 000005E0: 51 55 41 54 49 4F 4E 20 49 53 20 43 41 4C 43 55 |QUATION IS CALCU| 000005F0: 4C 41 54 45 44 20 49 4E 20 4C 49 4E 45 53 0D 39 |LATED IN LINES.9| 00000600: 30 35 20 41 4E 44 20 39 30 38 2C 20 41 4E 44 20 |05 AND 908, AND | 00000610: 43 41 4C 4C 45 44 20 D8 31 2E 0D 0D 20 20 20 20 |CALLED .1... | 00000620: D2 2C 20 54 48 45 20 52 41 54 45 20 4F 46 20 49 |., THE RATE OF I| 00000630: 4E 54 45 52 45 53 54 2C 20 41 4E 44 20 D9 2C 0D |NTEREST, AND .,.| 00000640: 54 48 45 20 4E 55 4D 42 45 52 20 4F 46 20 59 45 |THE NUMBER OF YE| 00000650: 41 52 53 2C 20 41 52 45 20 4D 4F 52 45 0D 43 4F |ARS, ARE MORE.CO| 00000660: 4D 50 4C 49 43 41 54 45 44 20 54 4F 20 43 41 4C |MPLICATED TO CAL| 00000670: 43 55 4C 41 54 45 2E 20 20 D7 45 20 48 41 56 45 |CULATE. .E HAVE| 00000680: 20 54 4F 0D 55 53 45 20 54 48 45 20 54 52 41 44 | TO.USE THE TRAD| 00000690: 49 54 49 4F 4E 41 4C 20 22 53 50 4C 49 54 2D 54 |ITIONAL "SPLIT-T| 000006A0: 48 45 2D 0D 44 49 46 46 45 52 45 4E 43 45 22 20 |HE-.DIFFERENCE" | 000006B0: 4D 45 54 48 4F 44 20 28 41 53 20 44 45 53 43 52 |METHOD (AS DESCR| 000006C0: 49 42 45 44 20 49 4E 0D 4C 41 53 54 20 4D 4F 4E |IBED IN.LAST MON| 000006D0: 54 48 27 53 20 43 4F 4C 55 4D 4E 29 2E 20 20 D4 |TH'S COLUMN). .| 000006E0: 48 45 0D 43 41 4C 43 55 4C 41 54 49 4F 4E 20 46 |HE.CALCULATION F| 000006F0: 4F 52 20 D2 20 49 53 20 46 4F 55 4E 44 20 49 4E |OR . IS FOUND IN| 00000700: 20 4C 49 4E 45 53 0D 36 30 30 20 54 48 52 4F 55 | LINES.600 THROU| 00000710: 47 48 20 36 39 30 2C 20 41 4E 44 20 54 48 45 20 |GH 690, AND THE | 00000720: 43 41 4C 43 55 4C 41 54 49 4F 4E 0D 46 4F 52 20 |CALCULATION.FOR | 00000730: D9 20 49 53 20 49 4E 20 4C 49 4E 45 53 20 35 30 |. IS IN LINES 50| 00000740: 30 20 54 48 52 4F 55 47 48 20 35 39 30 2E 0D D4 |0 THROUGH 590...| 00000750: 48 45 20 53 55 42 52 4F 55 54 49 4E 45 20 49 4E |HE SUBROUTINE IN| 00000760: 20 42 4F 54 48 20 53 49 54 55 41 54 49 4F 4E 53 | BOTH SITUATIONS| 00000770: 0D 53 54 41 52 54 53 20 57 49 54 48 20 41 4E 20 |.STARTS WITH AN | 00000780: 45 53 54 49 4D 41 54 45 2C 20 43 41 4C 43 55 4C |ESTIMATE, CALCUL| 00000790: 41 54 45 53 2C 0D 54 48 45 4E 20 44 49 56 49 44 |ATES,.THEN DIVID| 000007A0: 45 53 20 54 48 45 20 44 49 46 46 45 52 45 4E 43 |ES THE DIFFERENC| 000007B0: 45 20 42 59 20 54 57 4F 0D 55 4E 54 49 4C 20 54 |E BY TWO.UNTIL T| 000007C0: 48 45 20 44 49 46 46 45 52 45 4E 43 45 20 49 53 |HE DIFFERENCE IS| 000007D0: 20 4C 45 53 53 20 54 48 41 4E 20 54 48 45 0D 54 | LESS THAN THE.T| 000007E0: 4F 4C 45 52 41 4E 43 45 20 41 4C 4C 4F 57 45 44 |OLERANCE ALLOWED| 000007F0: 2E 0D 0D 0D 0D 0D 0D 20 20 20 20 C2 55 54 20 57 |....... .UT W| 00000800: 48 41 54 20 44 4F 45 53 20 54 48 45 20 C9 4E 56 |HAT DOES THE .NV| 00000810: 45 53 54 4F 52 0D C6 4F 52 4D 55 4C 41 20 54 45 |ESTOR..ORMULA TE| 00000820: 4C 4C 20 55 53 3F 20 20 C9 46 20 59 4F 55 20 57 |LL US? .F YOU W| 00000830: 41 4E 54 20 41 4E 20 45 59 45 2D 0D 4F 50 45 4E |ANT AN EYE-.OPEN| 00000840: 49 4E 47 20 4E 55 4D 42 45 52 2C 20 55 53 45 20 |ING NUMBER, USE | 00000850: 59 4F 55 52 20 4D 4F 52 54 47 41 47 45 0D 50 41 |YOUR MORTGAGE.PA| 00000860: 59 4D 45 4E 54 20 49 4E 20 54 48 45 20 22 C1 4D |YMENT IN THE ".M| 00000870: 4F 55 4E 54 20 4F 46 20 41 4E 20 C1 4E 4E 55 49 |OUNT OF AN .NNUI| 00000880: 54 59 22 0D 46 4F 52 4D 55 4C 41 20 41 4E 44 20 |TY".FORMULA AND | 00000890: 44 45 54 45 52 4D 49 4E 45 20 48 4F 57 20 4D 55 |DETERMINE HOW MU| 000008A0: 43 48 20 59 4F 55 0D 43 41 4E 20 53 41 56 45 20 |CH YOU.CAN SAVE | 000008B0: 49 46 20 59 4F 55 52 20 4D 4F 52 54 47 41 47 45 |IF YOUR MORTGAGE| 000008C0: 20 57 41 53 20 50 41 49 44 0D 4F 46 46 20 41 4E | WAS PAID.OFF AN| 000008D0: 44 20 59 4F 55 20 53 41 56 45 44 20 54 48 45 20 |D YOU SAVED THE | 000008E0: 41 4D 4F 55 4E 54 20 4F 46 20 54 48 45 0D 4D 4F |AMOUNT OF THE.MO| 000008F0: 52 54 47 41 47 45 20 50 41 59 4D 45 4E 54 2E 20 |RTGAGE PAYMENT. | 00000900: 20 C6 4F 52 20 45 58 41 4D 50 4C 45 2C 20 49 46 | .OR EXAMPLE, IF| 00000910: 0D 59 4F 55 52 20 4D 4F 52 54 47 41 47 45 20 50 |.YOUR MORTGAGE P| 00000920: 41 59 4D 45 4E 54 20 49 53 20 24 32 30 30 20 50 |AYMENT IS $200 P| 00000930: 45 52 0D 4D 4F 4E 54 48 2C 20 41 4E 44 20 59 4F |ER.MONTH, AND YO| 00000940: 55 20 49 4E 56 45 53 54 45 44 20 54 48 49 53 20 |U INVESTED THIS | 00000950: 41 4D 4F 55 4E 54 0D 45 41 43 48 20 4D 4F 4E 54 |AMOUNT.EACH MONT| 00000960: 48 20 46 4F 52 20 32 35 20 59 45 41 52 53 20 41 |H FOR 25 YEARS A| 00000970: 54 20 38 25 2C 20 41 54 20 54 48 45 0D 45 4E 44 |T 8%, AT THE.END| 00000980: 20 4F 46 20 32 35 20 59 45 41 52 53 20 59 4F 55 | OF 25 YEARS YOU| 00000990: 20 57 4F 55 4C 44 20 48 41 56 45 0D 41 43 43 55 | WOULD HAVE.ACCU| 000009A0: 4D 55 4C 41 54 45 44 20 24 31 39 31 2C 34 37 33 |MULATED $191,473| 000009B0: 2E 20 20 CD 41 4B 45 53 20 59 4F 55 20 57 49 53 |. .AKES YOU WIS| 000009C0: 48 0D 59 4F 55 20 43 4F 55 4C 44 20 50 41 59 20 |H.YOU COULD PAY | 000009D0: 4F 46 46 20 54 48 41 54 20 4D 4F 52 54 47 41 47 |OFF THAT MORTGAG| 000009E0: 45 2C 0D 44 4F 45 53 4E 27 54 20 49 54 3F 0D 0D |E,.DOESN'T IT?..| 000009F0: 0D 0D 0D 20 20 20 20 C3 4F 4D 50 4F 55 4E 44 49 |... .OMPOUNDI| 00000A00: 4E 47 20 49 53 20 41 4E 4F 54 48 45 52 20 49 4D |NG IS ANOTHER IM| 00000A10: 50 4F 52 54 41 4E 54 0D 46 41 43 54 4F 52 20 49 |PORTANT.FACTOR I| 00000A20: 4E 20 49 4E 56 45 53 54 49 4E 47 2E 20 20 D3 41 |N INVESTING. .A| 00000A30: 59 20 59 4F 55 20 48 41 56 45 0D 54 57 4F 20 49 |Y YOU HAVE.TWO I| 00000A40: 4E 56 45 53 54 4D 45 4E 54 20 4F 50 54 49 4F 4E |NVESTMENT OPTION| 00000A50: 53 20 45 41 43 48 20 41 54 20 24 31 30 2C 30 30 |S EACH AT $10,00| 00000A60: 30 0D 46 4F 52 20 46 49 56 45 20 59 45 41 52 53 |0.FOR FIVE YEARS| 00000A70: 2E 20 20 D4 48 45 20 46 49 52 53 54 20 4F 50 54 |. .HE FIRST OPT| 00000A80: 49 4F 4E 20 49 53 0D 31 30 25 20 43 4F 4D 50 4F |ION IS.10% COMPO| 00000A90: 55 4E 44 45 44 20 4F 4E 43 45 20 45 41 43 48 20 |UNDED ONCE EACH | 00000AA0: 59 45 41 52 2C 20 41 4E 44 2C 0D 54 48 45 20 4F |YEAR, AND,.THE O| 00000AB0: 54 48 45 52 20 49 53 20 41 54 20 39 2E 36 32 35 |THER IS AT 9.625| 00000AC0: 25 20 43 4F 4D 50 4F 55 4E 44 45 44 20 45 41 43 |% COMPOUNDED EAC| 00000AD0: 48 0D 4D 4F 4E 54 48 2E 20 20 D7 48 49 43 48 20 |H.MONTH. .HICH | 00000AE0: 57 4F 55 4C 44 20 59 4F 55 20 43 48 4F 4F 53 45 |WOULD YOU CHOOSE| 00000AF0: 3F 20 20 D4 48 45 0D 39 2E 36 32 35 25 20 52 41 |? .HE.9.625% RA| 00000B00: 54 45 20 43 4F 4D 50 4F 55 4E 44 45 44 20 4D 4F |TE COMPOUNDED MO| 00000B10: 4E 54 48 4C 59 20 57 4F 55 4C 44 0D 59 49 45 4C |NTHLY WOULD.YIEL| 00000B20: 44 20 24 31 36 2C 31 34 39 20 49 4E 20 46 49 56 |D $16,149 IN FIV| 00000B30: 45 20 59 45 41 52 53 20 57 48 49 4C 45 20 54 48 |E YEARS WHILE TH| 00000B40: 45 0D 49 4E 56 45 53 54 4D 45 4E 54 20 41 54 20 |E.INVESTMENT AT | 00000B50: 31 30 25 20 43 4F 4D 50 4F 55 4E 44 45 44 20 41 |10% COMPOUNDED A| 00000B60: 4E 4E 55 41 4C 4C 59 0D 57 4F 55 4C 44 20 59 49 |NNUALLY.WOULD YI| 00000B70: 45 4C 44 20 4F 4E 4C 59 20 24 31 36 2C 31 30 35 |ELD ONLY $16,105| 00000B80: 2E 20 20 D7 48 45 4E 20 54 48 45 0D 49 4E 56 45 |. .HEN THE.INVE| 00000B90: 53 54 4D 45 4E 54 20 4F 50 54 49 4F 4E 53 20 42 |STMENT OPTIONS B| 00000BA0: 45 43 4F 4D 45 20 43 4F 4D 50 4C 45 58 20 54 48 |ECOME COMPLEX TH| 00000BB0: 45 0D 42 45 53 54 20 43 48 4F 49 43 45 20 49 53 |E.BEST CHOICE IS| 00000BC0: 20 4E 4F 54 20 41 4C 57 41 59 53 20 4F 42 56 49 | NOT ALWAYS OBVI| 00000BD0: 4F 55 53 21 0D 0D 0D 0D 0D 0D 20 20 20 20 C8 4F |OUS!...... .O| 00000BE0: 57 20 41 42 4F 55 54 20 49 46 20 59 4F 55 52 20 |W ABOUT IF YOUR | 00000BF0: 43 48 49 4C 44 20 49 53 20 54 48 52 45 45 0D 59 |CHILD IS THREE.Y| 00000C00: 45 41 52 53 20 4F 4C 44 20 41 4E 44 20 49 4E 20 |EARS OLD AND IN | 00000C10: 46 49 46 54 45 45 4E 20 59 45 41 52 53 20 57 49 |FIFTEEN YEARS WI| 00000C20: 4C 4C 0D 53 54 41 52 54 20 43 4F 4C 4C 45 47 45 |LL.START COLLEGE| 00000C30: 2E 20 20 C5 53 54 49 4D 41 54 45 53 20 46 4F 52 |. .STIMATES FOR| 00000C40: 20 41 0D 43 4F 4C 4C 45 47 45 20 45 44 55 43 41 | A.COLLEGE EDUCA| 00000C50: 54 49 4F 4E 20 49 4E 20 46 49 46 54 45 45 4E 20 |TION IN FIFTEEN | 00000C60: 59 45 41 52 53 20 49 53 0D 24 36 30 2C 30 30 30 |YEARS IS.$60,000| 00000C70: 20 46 4F 52 20 46 4F 55 52 20 59 45 41 52 53 2E | FOR FOUR YEARS.| 00000C80: 20 20 C8 4F 57 20 4D 55 43 48 20 44 4F 0D 59 4F | .OW MUCH DO.YO| 00000C90: 55 20 48 41 56 45 20 54 4F 20 53 41 56 45 20 45 |U HAVE TO SAVE E| 00000CA0: 41 43 48 20 4D 4F 4E 54 48 20 54 4F 0D 41 43 43 |ACH MONTH TO.ACC| 00000CB0: 55 4D 55 4C 41 54 45 20 24 36 30 2C 30 30 30 20 |UMULATE $60,000 | 00000CC0: 49 4E 20 54 48 45 20 46 49 46 54 45 45 4E 0D 59 |IN THE FIFTEEN.Y| 00000CD0: 45 41 52 53 3F 20 20 C9 46 20 54 48 45 20 59 49 |EARS? .F THE YI| 00000CE0: 45 4C 44 20 52 41 54 45 20 49 53 20 38 25 2C 20 |ELD RATE IS 8%, | 00000CF0: 59 4F 55 0D 57 49 4C 4C 20 48 41 56 45 20 54 4F |YOU.WILL HAVE TO| 00000D00: 20 53 41 56 45 20 24 31 37 32 2E 32 35 20 45 41 | SAVE $172.25 EA| 00000D10: 43 48 20 4D 4F 4E 54 48 2E 0D D7 49 54 48 20 41 |CH MONTH...ITH A| 00000D20: 20 59 49 45 4C 44 20 52 41 54 45 20 4F 46 20 31 | YIELD RATE OF 1| 00000D30: 32 25 20 54 48 45 20 4D 4F 4E 54 48 4C 59 0D 49 |2% THE MONTHLY.I| 00000D40: 4E 56 45 53 54 4D 45 4E 54 20 49 53 20 24 31 31 |NVESTMENT IS $11| 00000D50: 38 2E 39 31 2E 20 20 CC 45 54 27 53 20 46 55 52 |8.91. .ET'S FUR| 00000D60: 54 48 45 52 0D 43 4F 4D 50 4C 49 43 41 54 45 20 |THER.COMPLICATE | 00000D70: 54 48 49 53 20 49 53 53 55 45 20 41 4E 44 20 41 |THIS ISSUE AND A| 00000D80: 53 53 55 4D 45 20 59 4F 55 0D 41 4C 52 45 41 44 |SSUME YOU.ALREAD| 00000D90: 59 20 48 41 56 45 20 24 31 30 2C 30 30 30 2E 20 |Y HAVE $10,000. | 00000DA0: 20 CE 4F 57 20 48 4F 57 20 4D 55 43 48 20 44 4F | .OW HOW MUCH DO| 00000DB0: 0D 59 4F 55 20 4E 45 45 44 20 54 4F 20 53 41 56 |.YOU NEED TO SAV| 00000DC0: 45 20 45 41 43 48 20 4D 4F 4E 54 48 3F 20 20 C1 |E EACH MONTH? .| 00000DD0: 20 53 49 4E 47 4C 45 0D 50 41 59 4D 45 4E 54 20 | SINGLE.PAYMENT | 00000DE0: 49 4E 56 45 53 54 4D 45 4E 54 20 4F 46 20 24 31 |INVESTMENT OF $1| 00000DF0: 30 2C 30 30 30 20 46 4F 52 20 31 35 0D 59 45 41 |0,000 FOR 15.YEA| 00000E00: 52 53 20 41 54 20 38 25 20 57 49 4C 4C 20 59 49 |RS AT 8% WILL YI| 00000E10: 45 4C 44 20 24 33 32 2C 34 33 34 2E 20 20 D4 48 |ELD $32,434. .H| 00000E20: 45 0D 52 45 4D 41 49 4E 49 4E 47 20 24 32 37 2C |E.REMAINING $27,| 00000E30: 35 36 36 20 57 49 4C 4C 20 52 45 51 55 49 52 45 |566 WILL REQUIRE| 00000E40: 20 41 0D 4D 4F 4E 54 48 4C 59 20 49 4E 56 45 53 | A.MONTHLY INVES| 00000E50: 54 4D 45 4E 54 20 4F 46 20 24 37 39 2E 31 33 20 |TMENT OF $79.13 | 00000E60: 57 49 54 48 20 41 0D 59 49 45 4C 44 20 52 41 54 |WITH A.YIELD RAT| 00000E70: 45 20 4F 46 20 38 25 2E 0D 0D 20 20 20 20 C6 4F |E OF 8%... .O| 00000E80: 52 20 41 4C 4D 4F 53 54 20 41 4E 59 20 49 4E 56 |R ALMOST ANY INV| 00000E90: 45 53 54 4D 45 4E 54 0D 4F 50 50 4F 52 54 55 4E |ESTMENT.OPPORTUN| 00000EA0: 49 54 59 20 59 4F 55 20 4E 45 45 44 20 54 4F 20 |ITY YOU NEED TO | 00000EB0: 41 53 4B 20 59 4F 55 52 53 45 4C 46 3A 0D 0D 20 |ASK YOURSELF:.. | 00000EC0: 2D 2D 20 C8 4F 57 20 4D 55 43 48 20 44 4F 20 C9 |-- .OW MUCH DO .| 00000ED0: 20 4E 45 45 44 3F 0D 20 2D 2D 20 C8 4F 57 20 4D | NEED?. -- .OW M| 00000EE0: 55 43 48 20 44 4F 20 C9 20 43 55 52 52 45 4E 54 |UCH DO . CURRENT| 00000EF0: 4C 59 20 48 41 56 45 3F 0D 20 2D 2D 20 D7 48 41 |LY HAVE?. -- .HA| 00000F00: 54 20 57 49 4C 4C 20 54 48 45 20 43 55 52 52 45 |T WILL THE CURRE| 00000F10: 4E 54 20 48 4F 4C 44 49 4E 47 53 0D 20 20 20 20 |NT HOLDINGS. | 00000F20: 20 47 52 4F 57 20 54 4F 20 42 45 43 4F 4D 45 3F | GROW TO BECOME?| 00000F30: 0D 20 2D 2D 20 C1 4E 44 2C 20 48 4F 57 20 4D 55 |. -- .ND, HOW MU| 00000F40: 43 48 20 44 4F 20 C9 20 48 41 56 45 20 54 4F 20 |CH DO . HAVE TO | 00000F50: 53 41 56 45 0D 20 20 20 20 20 50 45 52 49 4F 44 |SAVE. PERIOD| 00000F60: 49 43 41 4C 4C 59 20 54 4F 20 4D 41 4B 45 20 55 |ICALLY TO MAKE U| 00000F70: 50 20 54 48 45 0D 20 20 20 20 20 53 48 4F 52 54 |P THE. SHORT| 00000F80: 46 41 4C 4C 3F 0D 0D 20 20 20 20 C1 46 54 45 52 |FALL?.. .FTER| 00000F90: 20 59 4F 55 20 48 41 56 45 20 44 45 54 45 52 4D | YOU HAVE DETERM| 00000FA0: 49 4E 45 44 20 48 4F 57 20 4D 55 43 48 0D 59 4F |INED HOW MUCH.YO| 00000FB0: 55 52 20 53 41 56 49 4E 47 53 20 57 49 4C 4C 20 |UR SAVINGS WILL | 00000FC0: 41 43 43 55 4D 55 4C 41 54 45 20 54 4F 0D 42 45 |ACCUMULATE TO.BE| 00000FD0: 43 4F 4D 45 2C 20 59 4F 55 20 43 41 4E 20 55 53 |COME, YOU CAN US| 00000FE0: 45 20 54 48 45 20 CC 45 4E 44 45 52 27 53 0D C6 |E THE .ENDER'S..| 00000FF0: 4F 52 4D 55 4C 41 20 54 4F 20 44 45 54 45 52 4D |ORMULA TO DETERM| 00001000: 49 4E 45 20 48 4F 57 20 4C 4F 4E 47 20 49 54 20 |INE HOW LONG IT | 00001010: 57 49 4C 4C 0D 4C 41 53 54 2E 0D 0D 0D 0D 20 20 |WILL.LAST..... | 00001020: 20 20 D4 48 45 20 D2 55 4E 20 C9 54 20 41 53 53 | .HE .UN .T ASS| 00001030: 4F 43 49 41 54 45 44 20 57 49 54 48 20 54 48 49 |OCIATED WITH THI| 00001040: 53 0D 41 52 54 49 43 4C 45 20 49 53 20 41 20 53 |S.ARTICLE IS A S| 00001050: 49 4D 50 4C 45 20 4D 4F 44 45 4C 20 55 53 49 4E |IMPLE MODEL USIN| 00001060: 47 20 54 48 45 0D 55 53 49 4E 47 20 42 4F 54 48 |G THE.USING BOTH| 00001070: 20 54 48 45 20 43 4F 4D 50 4F 55 4E 44 20 53 49 | THE COMPOUND SI| 00001080: 4D 50 4C 45 0D 49 4E 54 45 52 45 53 54 20 41 4E |MPLE.INTEREST AN| 00001090: 44 20 41 4E 4E 55 49 54 59 20 46 4F 52 4D 55 4C |D ANNUITY FORMUL| 000010A0: 41 53 2E 20 20 D9 4F 55 0D 46 49 52 53 54 20 43 |AS. .OU.FIRST C| 000010B0: 48 4F 4F 53 45 20 57 48 49 43 48 20 4F 46 20 54 |HOOSE WHICH OF T| 000010C0: 48 45 20 54 57 4F 0D 46 4F 52 4D 55 4C 41 53 20 |HE TWO.FORMULAS | 000010D0: 59 4F 55 20 57 41 4E 54 20 54 4F 20 55 53 45 2C |YOU WANT TO USE,| 000010E0: 20 54 48 45 4E 20 53 54 41 52 54 0D 50 4C 55 47 | THEN START.PLUG| 000010F0: 47 49 4E 47 20 49 4E 20 4E 55 4D 42 45 52 53 2E |GING IN NUMBERS.| 00001100: 20 20 C1 53 20 57 49 54 48 20 54 48 45 0D CC 45 | .S WITH THE..E| 00001110: 4E 44 45 52 27 53 20 C6 4F 52 4D 55 4C 41 2C 20 |NDER'S .ORMULA, | 00001120: 59 4F 55 20 43 41 4E 20 50 52 45 53 53 20 27 2A |YOU CAN PRESS '*| 00001130: 27 0D 41 4E 44 20 54 48 45 20 46 49 47 55 52 45 |'.AND THE FIGURE| 00001140: 53 20 59 4F 55 20 45 4E 54 45 52 45 44 20 49 4E |S YOU ENTERED IN| 00001150: 20 54 48 45 0D 50 52 45 43 45 44 49 4E 47 20 52 | THE.PRECEDING R| 00001160: 55 4E 2D 54 48 52 4F 55 47 48 20 57 49 4C 4C 20 |UN-THROUGH WILL | 00001170: 42 45 0D 41 55 54 4F 4D 41 54 49 43 41 4C 4C 59 |BE.AUTOMATICALLY| 00001180: 20 45 4E 54 45 52 45 44 20 46 4F 52 20 59 4F 55 | ENTERED FOR YOU| 00001190: 2E 20 20 D4 48 49 53 0D 4D 41 4B 45 53 20 49 54 |. .HIS.MAKES IT| 000011A0: 20 45 41 53 59 20 54 4F 20 27 54 57 45 41 4B 27 | EASY TO 'TWEAK'| 000011B0: 20 54 48 45 20 46 49 47 55 52 45 53 0D 54 4F 20 | THE FIGURES.TO | 000011C0: 53 45 45 20 48 4F 57 20 45 41 43 48 20 56 41 52 |SEE HOW EACH VAR| 000011D0: 49 41 42 4C 45 20 41 46 46 45 43 54 53 20 54 48 |IABLE AFFECTS TH| 000011E0: 45 0D 4F 55 54 43 4F 4D 45 2E 0D 0D 0D 0D 0D 0D |E.OUTCOME.......| 000011F0: 20 20 20 20 C9 46 20 59 4F 55 20 41 52 45 20 4C | .F YOU ARE L| 00001200: 45 4E 44 49 4E 47 2C 20 49 4E 56 45 53 54 49 4E |ENDING, INVESTIN| 00001210: 47 20 4F 52 0D 57 52 49 54 49 4E 47 20 41 20 50 |G OR.WRITING A P| 00001220: 52 4F 47 52 41 4D 20 54 48 41 54 20 54 41 4B 45 |ROGRAM THAT TAKE| 00001230: 53 20 54 48 45 0D 44 52 55 44 47 45 57 4F 52 4B |S THE.DRUDGEWORK| 00001240: 20 4F 55 54 20 4F 46 20 46 49 4E 41 4E 43 49 41 | OUT OF FINANCIA| 00001250: 4C 0D 43 41 4C 43 55 4C 41 54 49 4F 4E 53 2C 20 |L.CALCULATIONS, | 00001260: 59 4F 55 27 4C 4C 20 57 41 4E 54 20 54 4F 20 43 |YOU'LL WANT TO C| 00001270: 48 45 43 4B 0D 4F 55 54 20 54 48 45 53 45 20 54 |HECK.OUT THESE T| 00001280: 57 4F 20 41 52 54 49 43 4C 45 53 20 41 4E 44 20 |WO ARTICLES AND | 00001290: 50 52 4F 47 52 41 4D 53 2E 0D D4 48 45 52 45 27 |PROGRAMS...HERE'| 000012A0: 53 20 41 20 53 55 43 4B 45 52 20 42 4F 52 4E 20 |S A SUCKER BORN | 000012B0: 45 56 45 52 59 20 4D 49 4E 55 54 45 2C 0D 42 55 |EVERY MINUTE,.BU| 000012C0: 54 20 54 48 45 52 45 27 53 20 4E 4F 20 52 45 41 |T THERE'S NO REA| 000012D0: 53 4F 4E 20 57 48 59 20 49 54 20 48 41 53 20 54 |SON WHY IT HAS T| 000012E0: 4F 0D 42 45 20 59 4F 55 2E 0D 0D 20 20 20 20 20 |O.BE YOU... | 000012F0: 20 20 20 2A 2A 2A 2A 20 C5 4E 44 20 4F 46 20 D4 | **** .ND OF .| 00001300: 45 58 54 20 2A 2A 2A 2A 0D |EXT ****. |
..^U:ZERO. BYTES: THE INVESTOR'S FORM ULA.. BY MARTY MATTHEWS.. LAS T MONTH I PRESENTED THE.LENDER'S FORMULA WHICH CALCULATED HOW.MUCH YOU'D PAY BAC K IF YOU BORROWED.MONEY. THIS MONTH I'M PRESENTING THE.INVESTOR'S FORMULA, WHIC H WILL.CALCULATE HOW MUCH YOU'LL COLLECT IF.YOU LOAN MONEY. IT ALSO SHOWS A FEW .OTHER THINGS, AS YOU'LL SEE... THERE IS A RUN IT PROGRAM WHICH.LETS YOU PLAY "WHAT IF..." WITH.FIGURES. FIRST I'LL EXPLAIN HOW THE.PROGRAM WORKS, THEN I'LL DISCUSS HOW.YOU CAN USE THE PROGRAM ITS ELF.... THERE ARE TWO FORMULAS; ONE F OR A.SINGLE PAYMENT ACCUMULATION AND ONE .FOR THE PERIODIC INVESTMENT OF A.FIXED AMOUNT. THE FIRST FORMULA IS.THE "AMOUNT AT COMPOUND INTEREST",.AND THE SECOND I S THE "AMOUNT OF AN.ANNUITY"... THE F ORMULA FOR COMPOUND INTEREST.LOOKS LIKE THIS:.. T = A * ((1 + R/Q) ^ (Y*Q))..AN D, THE FORMULA FOR THE AMOUNT OF AN.ANNU ITY LOOKS LIKE THIS:.. T = A * ((((1 + R/Q) ^ (Y*Q + 1)). - 1) / (R/Q) - 1).. T IS THE TOTAL AMOUNT. A IS EITHER THE SINGLE PAYMENT OR. EACH PERIODIC PAYMENT,. Y IS THE NUMB ER OF YEARS,. R IS THE INTEREST RATE PER YEAR,. Q IS THE NUMBER OF PAYMENT S OR. COMPOUNDINGS PER YEAR... THE SOLUTION WITH RESPECT TO T OR.A I S RELATIVELY SIMPLE IF WE HAVE ALL.THE O THER VARIABLES. THE FORMULAS AS.THEY AP PEAR ABOVE WILL PRODUCE T. TO.CALCULATE A, INSTEAD OF MULTIPLYING.THE REST OF T HE RIGHT HAND SIDE OF.THE EQUATION BY A, DIVIDE IT INTO T..IN THE FILE, "BYTES", THE RIGHT SIDE.OF THE EQUATION IS CALCU LATED IN LINES.905 AND 908, AND CALLED X 1... R, THE RATE OF INTEREST, AND Y,. THE NUMBER OF YEARS, ARE MORE.COMPLICATE D TO CALCULATE. WE HAVE TO.USE THE TRAD ITIONAL "SPLIT-THE-.DIFFERENCE" METHOD ( AS DESCRIBED IN.LAST MONTH'S COLUMN). T HE.CALCULATION FOR R IS FOUND IN LINES.6 00 THROUGH 690, AND THE CALCULATION.FOR Y IS IN LINES 500 THROUGH 590..THE SUBRO UTINE IN BOTH SITUATIONS.STARTS WITH AN ESTIMATE, CALCULATES,.THEN DIVIDES THE D IFFERENCE BY TWO.UNTIL THE DIFFERENCE IS LESS THAN THE.TOLERANCE ALLOWED....... BUT WHAT DOES THE INVESTOR.FORMULA TE LL US? IF YOU WANT AN EYE-.OPENING NUMB ER, USE YOUR MORTGAGE.PAYMENT IN THE "AM OUNT OF AN ANNUITY".FORMULA AND DETERMIN E HOW MUCH YOU.CAN SAVE IF YOUR MORTGAGE WAS PAID.OFF AND YOU SAVED THE AMOUNT O F THE.MORTGAGE PAYMENT. FOR EXAMPLE, IF .YOUR MORTGAGE PAYMENT IS $200 PER.MONTH , AND YOU INVESTED THIS AMOUNT.EACH MONT H FOR 25 YEARS AT 8%, AT THE.END OF 25 Y EARS YOU WOULD HAVE.ACCUMULATED $191,473 . MAKES YOU WISH.YOU COULD PAY OFF THAT MORTGAGE,.DOESN'T IT?..... COMPOUNDI NG IS ANOTHER IMPORTANT.FACTOR IN INVEST ING. SAY YOU HAVE.TWO INVESTMENT OPTION S EACH AT $10,000.FOR FIVE YEARS. THE F IRST OPTION IS.10% COMPOUNDED ONCE EACH YEAR, AND,.THE OTHER IS AT 9.625% COMPOU NDED EACH.MONTH. WHICH WOULD YOU CHOOSE ? THE.9.625% RATE COMPOUNDED MONTHLY WO ULD.YIELD $16,149 IN FIVE YEARS WHILE TH E.INVESTMENT AT 10% COMPOUNDED ANNUALLY. WOULD YIELD ONLY $16,105. WHEN THE.INVE STMENT OPTIONS BECOME COMPLEX THE.BEST C HOICE IS NOT ALWAYS OBVIOUS!...... HO W ABOUT IF YOUR CHILD IS THREE.YEARS OLD AND IN FIFTEEN YEARS WILL.START COLLEGE . ESTIMATES FOR A.COLLEGE EDUCATION IN FIFTEEN YEARS IS.$60,000 FOR FOUR YEARS. HOW MUCH DO.YOU HAVE TO SAVE EACH MONT H TO.ACCUMULATE $60,000 IN THE FIFTEEN.Y EARS? IF THE YIELD RATE IS 8%, YOU.WILL HAVE TO SAVE $172.25 EACH MONTH..WITH A YIELD RATE OF 12% THE MONTHLY.INVESTMEN T IS $118.91. LET'S FURTHER.COMPLICATE THIS ISSUE AND ASSUME YOU.ALREADY HAVE $ 10,000. NOW HOW MUCH DO.YOU NEED TO SAV E EACH MONTH? A SINGLE.PAYMENT INVESTME NT OF $10,000 FOR 15.YEARS AT 8% WILL YI ELD $32,434. THE.REMAINING $27,566 WILL REQUIRE A.MONTHLY INVESTMENT OF $79.13 WITH A.YIELD RATE OF 8%... FOR ALMOST ANY INVESTMENT.OPPORTUNITY YOU NEED TO ASK YOURSELF:.. -- HOW MUCH DO I NEED?. -- HOW MUCH DO I CURRENTLY HAVE?. -- WHA T WILL THE CURRENT HOLDINGS. GROW TO BECOME?. -- AND, HOW MUCH DO I HAVE TO SAVE. PERIODICALLY TO MAKE UP THE. SHORTFALL?.. AFTER YOU HAVE DETERM INED HOW MUCH.YOUR SAVINGS WILL ACCUMULA TE TO.BECOME, YOU CAN USE THE LENDER'S.F ORMULA TO DETERMINE HOW LONG IT WILL.LAS T..... THE RUN IT ASSOCIATED WITH THI S.ARTICLE IS A SIMPLE MODEL USING THE.US ING BOTH THE COMPOUND SIMPLE.INTEREST AN D ANNUITY FORMULAS. YOU.FIRST CHOOSE WH ICH OF THE TWO.FORMULAS YOU WANT TO USE, THEN START.PLUGGING IN NUMBERS. AS WIT H THE.LENDER'S FORMULA, YOU CAN PRESS '* '.AND THE FIGURES YOU ENTERED IN THE.PRE CEDING RUN-THROUGH WILL BE.AUTOMATICALLY ENTERED FOR YOU. THIS.MAKES IT EASY TO 'TWEAK' THE FIGURES.TO SEE HOW EACH VAR IABLE AFFECTS THE.OUTCOME....... IF Y OU ARE LENDING, INVESTING OR.WRITING A P ROGRAM THAT TAKES THE.DRUDGEWORK OUT OF FINANCIAL.CALCULATIONS, YOU'LL WANT TO C HECK.OUT THESE TWO ARTICLES AND PROGRAMS ..THERE'S A SUCKER BORN EVERY MINUTE,.BU T THERE'S NO REASON WHY IT HAS TO.BE YOU ... **** END OF TEXT ****.
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