ASSMDOC.FO
FILE INFORMATION
FILENAME(S): ASSMDOC.FO
FILE TYPE(S): SEQ
FILE SIZE: 10.8K
FIRST SEEN: 2025-11-30 19:47:17
APPEARS ON: 1 disk(s)
FILE HASH
dc611a8258039a2556e43c10f1a4dd6eefdd24d560fa0354cf96efab7f43c3f9
FOUND ON DISKS (1 DISKS)
| DISK TITLE | FILENAME | FILE TYPE | COLLECTION | TRACK | SECTOR | ACTIONS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ARBEJDSDISK B2 1 | ASSMDOC.FO | SEQ | Curtcool, Frank | 26 | 5 | DOWNLOAD FILE |
FILE CONTENT & ANALYSIS
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.IN 10..RM 75..HE /C-ASSM/6502 ASSEMBLER
FOR C-POWER/V 2.0/..FO //-#-//..DISCLAI
MER:..SP 1..TI +5.THIS PROGRAM IS HEREBY
GIVEN INTO THE HANDS OF THE PUBLIC,.AND
IS CONSIDERED TO BE PUBLIC DOMAIN. YOU
MAY USE IT FOR.ANY NON-PROFIT PURPOSE.
FEEL FREE TO ALTER IT AS YOU SEE.FIT.
IF YOU MODIFY AND REDISTRIBUTE THIS PROG
RAM, PLEASE GIVE.CREDIT TO THE PRIOR AUT
HORS (ORIGINAL: J.H. VAN ORNUM, GEORGE V
. WILDER;.C-POWER VERSION: MARK R. RINFR
ET, REVISION 2.0: R. L. ZARLING) AS WELL
AS TAKING THE BLAME/GLORY FOR.ANY CHANG
ES THAT YOU SHOULD MAKE. PLEASE REPORT
ANY ENHANCEMENTS TO:..NF..SP 1..IN +5.MA
RK R. RINFRET AND RAYMOND L. ZAR
LING.348 INDIAN AVE. 245 WIL
EY CT..PORTSMOUTH, RI 02871 TURLO
CK, CA 95380.(401)-846-7639
(209)-634-4106..IN -5..FI..SP .NO WARR
ANTIES ARE MADE WITH REGARD TO THE USE O
F THIS PROGRAM,.NOR IS ANY SUPPORT PLEDG
ED (BUT YOU MIGHT ASK)..USE IT/ABUSE IT
AT YOUR OWN RISK...SP 2.INTRODUCTION..SP
1..TI +5.C-ASSM IS A 6502 ASSEMBLER SPE
CIFICALLY.TARGETED TO THE COMMODORE 64 C
OMPUTER.RUNNING PRO-LINE'S C-POWER (TM)
C LANGUAGE.DEVELOPMENT SYSTEM. C-ASSM I
S DERIVED.FROM A GENERIC 6502 ASSEMBLER
WHICH WAS.CONTRIBUTED TO USENET BY J. H.
VAN ORNUM.OF AT&T BELL LABORATORIES. W
ITHOUT THAT.HEAD START, THIS PROGRAM WOU
LD STILL BE.IN THE DESIGN STAGES. ..SP
2..TI +5.ANYONE FAMILIAR WITH THE ORIGIN
AL SOURCE WILL, HOWEVER,.OBSERVE THAT MA
JOR CHANGES WERE MADE TO.TAILOR THE SOUR
CE TO FIT THE CONSTRAINTS.OF THE C-POWER
COMPILER, SUCH AS CHANGING.INTS TO UNSI
GNED'S WHERE POSSIBLE. THE.OPCODE TABLE
S WERE SPLIT APART INTO TWO.SEPARATE PIE
CES. ALSO, AN #INCLUDE FACILITY.HAS BEE
N ADDED AS A CONVENIENCE..OTHER MINOR EN
HANCEMENTS LIKE ADDITIONAL.EXPRESSION HA
NDLING CAPABILITIES AND.CONDITIONAL ASSE
MBLY WILL ALSO BE.APPARENT. THIS.ASSEMB
LER WILL GENERATE C-POWER COMPATIBLE.OBJ
ECT FILES WHICH CAN BE LINKED TO C.LANGU
AGE PROGRAMS, IF THE PROPER PARAMETER.PA
SSING CONVENTIONS ARE OBSERVED, OR THE.O
BJECTS CAN BE LINKED INTO A STAND-ALONE.
ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE PROGRAM, WHILE USING T
HE.EXCELLENT ENVIRONMENT OF THE C-POWER
SHELL., EDITOR AND LINKER...TI +5.ALTHOU
GH IT IS TAILORED FOR THE C-POWER.ENVIRO
NMENT, THE CODE IS HIGHLY STANDARD,.PORT
ABLE C. THIS IS DEMONSTRATED BY THE.MIN
IMAL NUMBER OF CHANGES THAT NEED TO.BE M
ADE TO PORT THE CODE TO UNIX (#IFDEF UNI
X)...TI +5.THIS DOCUMENT IS ABOUT AS TER
SE AS THEY COME..IF YOU'RE LOOKING FOR A
TUTORIAL ON ASSEMBLY.LANGUAGE, IT AIN'T
HERE. THE ACCOMPANYING.TEST PROGRAMS S
HOULD BE SUFFICIENT TO ILLUSTRATE.THE VA
RIOUS SYNTAX ELEMENTS FOR A MODERATELY.E
XPERIENCED PROGRAMMER.. ..BP.SOURCE LINE
FORMAT..SP 1.<LABEL> <OPERATION> <OPERA
ND> <COMMENT>..SP 1.EACH FIELD IS TERMIN
ATED BY ONE OR MORE SPACES, A TAB OR A '
;' (WHICH.BEGINS THE COMMENT FIELD IMMED
IATELY)...SP.LABEL FIELD:..SP 1.IF FIRST
CHARACTER IS ';', ENTIRE LINE IS A COMM
ENT...SP 1.IF THE FIRST CHARACTER IS '#'
, THE ASSEMBLER WILL .EXPECT AN #INCLUDE
STATEMENT IDENTICAL IN SYNTAX TO.A C PR
EPROCESSOR INCLUDE STATEMENT. THE FILEN
AME.COMPONENT MAY BE ENCLOSED IN BRACKET
S (<FILENAME>).OR DOUBLE QUOTES ("FILENA
ME")...SP 1.IF THE FIRST CHARACTER IS A
SPACE,.THE LABEL FIELD IS NULL..LABELS A
RE ALPHANUMERIC STRINGS BEGINNING.WITH '
A' THROUGH 'Z', 'A' THROUGH 'Z',.UNDERSC
ORE OR PERIOD FOLLOWED BY ANY OF THE ABO
VE.CHARACTERS, '$', OR '0' THROUGH '9'.
LABELS ARE.CASE-SENSITIVE ('A' IS NOT T
HE SAME AS 'A') AND.MAY BE UP TO 12 CHAR
ACTERS LONG..A, X, Y, A, X AND Y ARE RES
ERVED LABELS..(THESE RULES ARE DESIGNED
TO BE COMPATIBLE.WITH THE RULES FOR EXTE
RNAL LABELS IN.C-POWER.)..SP 2.OPERATION
FIELD..SP 1.UPPER AND LOWER CASE LETTER
S ARE EQUIVALENT..MACHINE OPERATION MNEM
ONICS ARE:..NF..IN +5..SP 1.ADC BMI
CLD DEX JSR PHA RTS
STY.AND BNE CLI DEY
LDA PHP SBC TAX.ASL BPL
CLV EOR LDX PLA SEC
TAY.BCC BRK CMP INC
LDY PLP SED TSX.BCS BVC
CPX INX LSR ROL SEI
TXA.BEQ BVS CPY INY
NOP ROR STA TXS.BIT CLC
DEC JMP ORA RTI STX
TYA..FI..IN -5..SP 1.PSEUDO OPERATIO
N MNEMONICS ARE:..IN +4..SP 1. = EQ
UATE LABEL NAME TO OPERAND FIELD VALUE.(
SPACE IS NOT NEEDED TO TERMINATE THIS OP
ERATION)...SP. .WORD ASSIGN 16 BIT VALU
E OF OPERAND FIELD TO NEXT.TWO LOCATIONS
; LOW BYTE OF VALUE FIRST, THEN HIGH BYT
E...SP. .DBYT ASSIGN 16 BIT VALUE OF OP
ERAND FIELD TO NEXT.TWO LOCATIONS; HIGH
BYTE OF VALUE FIRST, THEN LOW BYTE...SP.
.BYTE ASSIGN 8 BIT VALUE OF OPERAND FI
ELD TO NEXT.LOCATION...SP. .DEF <LABEL>,
...,<LABEL> THE <LABEL>S, WHICH MUST.AP
PEAR LATER IN THE SOURCE, WILL BE EXTERN
ALLY DEFINED.SO THAT THEY MAY BE REFEREN
CED (VIA .REF) IN A .SEPARATE SOURCE...S
P. .REF <LABEL>,...,<LABEL> THE <LABEL>
S ARE DEFINED TO.BE EXTERNAL TO THIS PAC
KAGE, THEREBY ALLOWING REFERENCES.WITHOU
T CAUSING "UNDEFINED SYMBOL" ERRORS. AN
Y ATTEMPT .TO LINK THIS MODULE WITHOUT I
NCLUDING THE MODULE WHICH.EXTERNALLY DEF
INES THESE <LABEL>S WILL RESULT IN AN."U
NSATISFIED EXTERNAL REFERENCE" ERROR IN
THE LINKER...SP. .NLST TURN LISTING MOD
E OFF (THIS SOURCE.LINE IS NOT LISTED)..
.SP. .LIST TURN LISTING MODE ON (NORMAL
MODE) (THIS.SOURCE LINE IS NOT LISTED).
..SP. .BSS N RESERVE N BYTES OF STORAGE
AT THE.CURRENT LOCATION (N MUST BE AN A
BSOLUTE.EXPRESSION). THESE BYTES ARE IN
ITIALIZED.TO ALL ZEROS...SP. .DSEG N AL
LOCATE A SEPARATELY RELOCATABLE.DATA SEG
MENT OF N BYTES. THIS STATEMENT MUST HA
VE.A LABEL, AND THE LABEL IS THE NAME OF
THE.DATA SEGMENT. THIS DATA SEGMENT WI
LL BE.EXTERNAL, AND THUS CAN BE REFENCED
.FROM OTHER MODULES WHICH DECLARE IT IN
A. .REF STATEMENT. THE .DSEG STATEMENT
WILL.NOT RESERVE ANY IN-LINE STORAGE...S
P. .IFEQ, .IFNE, .IFGT, .IFGE, .IFLT, .I
FLE,.ALL REQUIRE TWO OPERANDS, SEPARATED
BY.A COMMA. ALL TERMS IN THE OPERANDS
MUST.BE DEFINED EARLIER IN THE SOURCE CO
DE..THE FOLLOWING CODE WILL BE ASSEMBLED
ONLY.IF THE STATED CONDITION IS TRUE.
OPERAND.VALUES ARE INTERPRETTED AS UNSIG
NED VALUES,.AND ANY RELOCATION ATTRIBUTE
IS IGNORED...SP. .ELSE MAY OPTIONALLY
BE USED AFTER A .IFXX.OPERATOR. THE FOL
LOWING CODE WILL BE.ASSEMBLED IF THE MOS
T RECENT .IFXX THAT.HAS NOT BEEN MATCHED
BY A .ELSE OR .FI.WAS FALSE, AND NO.PRE
VIOUS .IFXX IS INHIBITING ASSEMBLY...SP.
.FI ENDS THE .IFXX CONSTRUCT. THE.FOL
LOWING CODE IS ASSEMBLED IF AND ONLY.IF
ASSEMBLY WAS IN PROGRESS PRIOR TO THE.OR
IGINAL .IFXX...IN -4..SP 2.OPERAND FIELD
..SP 1.OPERAND FIELD EXPRESSIONS USE INF
IX NOTATION AND ARE EVALUATED.FROM LEFT
TO RIGHT. PRECEDENCE CAN BE MINIMALLY C
ONTROLLED .THROUGH THE USE OF PARENTHETI
CAL EXPRESSIONS WHICH ARE BRACKETED.BY T
HE LEFT AND RIGHT BRACKET CHARACTERS (E.
G. [<EXPRESSION>] ).RATHER THAN THE USUA
L PARENTHESES. THIS CHOICE WAS MOST LIK
ELY.MADE TO AVOID CONFLICT WITH THE INDI
RECT ADDRESSING MODES WHICH.USE PARENTHE
SES AS IN LDA (ADDR),Y. NO IMBEDDED SPA
CES ARE.PERMITTED...SP1.SINCE THIS IS A
RELOCATING ASSEMBLER, OPERANDS.MUST EVAL
UATE TO A VALUE WHICH IS EITHER."RELOCAT
ABLE", "ABSOLUTE", OR "EXTERNAL"..A RELO
CATABLE EXPRESSION IS ONE WHOSE VALUE.MU
ST BE ADJUSTED BY ADDING THE LOAD ADDRES
S.OF THE MODULE WHEN IT IS LINKED. THE
VALUE OF ABSOLUTE.EXPRESSIONS DO NOT CHA
NGE WITH RELOCATION..THE VALUES OF EXTER
NAL EXPRESSIONS DEPEND.PRIMARILY UPON A
SINGLE EXTERNAL SYMBOL NAME,.WHOSE VALUE
WILL BE DETERMINED WHEN THE MODULE.IS L
INKED WITH ANOTHER WHICH DEFINES THE.SYM
BOL. IN THIS ASSEMBLER, EXTERNAL SYMBOL
S.MAY BE MODIFIED BY ADDING OR SUBRACTIN
G AN.ABSOLUTE QUANTITY LESS THAN 0X2000
(E.G..LDA XREF+2). IN THAT CASE, THE E
XTERNAL.SYMBOL NAME MUST COME FIRST, FOL
LOWED BY +.OR - ABSOLUTE EXPRESSION...SP
1.OPERAND FIELD TERMS INCLUDE LABELS AN
D NUMBERS..ASTERISK (*) IS THE LABEL FOR
THE LOCATION COUNTER VALUE..NUMBERS ARE
BINARY, OCTAL, DECIMAL, HEXADECIMAL OR
ASCII..NUMBER TYPE IS INDICATED BY THE F
IRST CHARACTER OF THE NUMBER STRING AS F
OLLOWS:..NF..IN +5..SP 1.% BINARY
PREFIX.@ OR 0 OCTAL PREFIX.1 - 9 DECI
MAL BY DEFAULT (PREFIX IS PART OF NUMBER
).$ HEXADECIMAL PREFIX.' CBM
-ASCII CHARACTER PREFIX." CBM-ASCI
I CHARACTER STRING PREFIX AND SUFFIX;.
\N IS A NEW LINE; \L IS A FORM FEE
D....FI..IN -5..SP 1.OPERAND FIELD OPERA
TIONS AND THE CORRESPONDING SYMBOLS ARE:
..NF..IN +5..SP 1.+ ADDITION.-
SUBTRACTION (OR UNARY NEGATION)./
DIVISION.* MULTIPLICATION.%
MODULO (REMAINDER AFTER INTEGER DIVIS
ION).^ (UP-ARROW) LOGICAL EXCLUSIV
E OR.& LOGICAL AND.. LOGICAL
OR...IN -5..SP 1..FI.THE FOLLOWING MAY
APPEAR ONLY AT THE.BEGINNING OF AN EXPRE
SSION:..NF..IN +5..SP 1.! USE TWO
BYTE ADDRESSING, EVEN IF OPERAND<256.<
LOW BYTE.> HIGH BYTE..FI..IN
-5..SP 2.ERROR MESSAGES..NF..SP 1.UNKNOW
N ERROR!!! (SOMEBODY GOO
FED).INTERNAL ERROR (O
OPS).INVALID OPERATION CODE.A,X,Y ARE RE
SERVED SYMBOLS.SYMBOL TABLE OVERFLOW
(SAME AS "OUT OF MEMORY").DUPLIC
ATE DEFINITION.SYNC ERROR
(PASS 1/PASS 2 SYMBOL VALUE DIFF
ERS).BRANCH OUT OF RANGE.MISSING OPERAND
.INVALID ADDRESSING MODE.MISSING STRING
TERMINATOR (NO SECOND ").VALUE ER
ROR (OPERAND VALUE
TOO LARGE OR SMALL).UNDEFINED SYMBOL.SYM
BOL REQUIRED.MULTIPLY DEFINED.RELOCATION
ERROR (ILLOGICAL EXPRES
SION INVOLVING.
A SYMBOL )
.COND ASSBLY NESTED TOO DE
EPLY (NO MORE THAN 6 NESTED .IFXX'S A
LLOWED).UNBALANCED PARENTHESES
(MISSING ]).DIVIDE BY ZERO.HI/LO OPERAT
OR MUST BE FIRST (< OR > OUT OF SEQU
ENCE).INVALID OPERAND FIELD.OUT OF MEMOR
Y (TOO MANY SYMBOLS O
R REFERENCES).".FI" WITHOUT ".IF".LABEL
REQUIRED.LABEL NOT ALLOWED...FI..SP 1.IN
VOKING C-ASSM:..SP 1..ASSM .-CDFILOS. <F
ILE...FILE>..SP 1.OPTIONS:..NF..IN +5..S
P 1.-C DO NOT LIST CODE EXCLUDED BY .I
FXX.-D PRINT DEBUGGING INFORMATION.-F
DO NOT REFORMAT SOURCE LINES FOR LISTI
NG.-I IGNORE ANY .NLST PSEUDO OPERATIO
NS.-L LIST ERRORS ONLY.-O SUPPRESS O
BJECT FILE CREATION.-S GET SYMBOL TABL
E PRINTOUT ...FI..IN -5..SOURCE <FILE> N
AMES MUST END WITH A '.A' SUFFIX..WHEN A
N OBJECT FILE IS CREATED, A '.O' SUFFIX
IS.APPENDED TO THE ROOT OF THE SOURCE NA
ME. FOR.EXAMPLE, TEST.O WILL BE CREATED
WHEN TEST.A IS.ASSEMBLED. IF MORE THAN
ONE FILE NAME IS GIVEN,.SEPARATE ASSEMB
LIES ARE PERFORMED ON EACH ONE IN.TURN..
..SP 2.DEFICIENCIES:..THE ASSEMBLER IS Q
UITE LARGE. THIS IS DUE IN PART.TO THE
CODE GENERATION CHARACTERISTICS OF THE C
-POWER.COMPILER. THE SOURCE COULD PROBA
BLY BE.FURTHER OPTIMIZED TO FINE TUNE TH
E GENERATED CODE OR.IMPROVED ALGORITHMS.
..SP.IT WOULD BE NICE TO HAVE A WILDCARD
FACILITY.WITH THE SOURCE FILENAMES. FO
R INSTANCE,.ASSM -F ATEST*.A WOULD ASSEM
BLE ALL .A FILES.ON THE CURRENT DISK WHI
CH BEGIN "ATEST"..I FEAR THAT THIS WOULD
MAKE THE ASSEMBLER.PROHIBITIVELY BIG, H
OWEVER...SP .NO MACRO FACILITY CURRENTLY
EXISTS. I WOULD LIKE TO SEE.A SYNTAX O
F THE FORM:..BR..NF.#DEFMAC <MACRONAME>[
(PARAM,...,PARAM). <STATEMENT>.
.. ..
.. <STATEMENT>.#ENDMAC..FI.
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