SS INSTR
FILE INFORMATION
FILENAME(S): SS INSTR
FILE TYPE(S): PRG
FILE SIZE: 13.2K
FIRST SEEN: 2025-10-19 22:49:31
APPEARS ON: 1 disk(s)
FILE HASH
e5e67e2ff73d94a4b64db54cdfa78a61f00299142cfce893771a11ae9baab66d
FOUND ON DISKS (1 DISKS)
| DISK TITLE | FILENAME | FILE TYPE | COLLECTION | TRACK | SECTOR | ACTIONS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GOLD DISK 7 | SS INSTR | PRG | Radd Maxx | 6 | 1 | DOWNLOAD FILE |
FILE CONTENT & ANALYSIS
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00002C40: 44 49 52 45 43 54 4F 52 59 20 4F 50 54 49 4F 4E |DIRECTORY OPTION|
00002C50: 20 49 53 20 41 4C 53 4F 20 50 52 4F 56 49 44 45 | IS ALSO PROVIDE|
00002C60: 44 2E 0D 68 4F 4C 44 20 54 48 45 20 53 50 41 43 |D..hOLD THE SPAC|
00002C70: 45 20 42 41 52 20 49 46 20 59 4F 55 20 57 49 53 |E BAR IF YOU WIS|
00002C80: 48 20 54 4F 20 50 41 55 53 45 0D 54 48 45 20 4C |H TO PAUSE.THE L|
00002C90: 49 53 54 49 4E 47 2E 0D 5E 6F 50 54 49 4F 4E 3A |ISTING..^oPTION:|
00002CA0: 20 69 6E 73 0D 0D 69 4E 53 45 52 54 53 20 41 20 | ins..iNSERTS A |
00002CB0: 52 4F 57 20 4F 52 20 43 4F 4C 55 4D 4E 0D 0D 61 |ROW OR COLUMN..a|
00002CC0: 20 72 4F 57 20 4F 52 20 43 4F 4C 55 4D 4E 20 43 | rOW OR COLUMN C|
00002CD0: 41 4E 20 49 4E 53 45 52 54 45 44 20 4A 55 53 54 |AN INSERTED JUST|
00002CE0: 20 50 52 49 4F 52 0D 54 4F 20 41 20 53 50 45 43 | PRIOR.TO A SPEC|
00002CF0: 49 46 49 45 44 20 52 4F 57 2F 43 4F 4C 2E 20 20 |IFIED ROW/COL. |
00002D00: 63 45 4C 4C 53 20 54 4F 20 54 48 45 0D 52 49 47 |cELLS TO THE.RIG|
00002D10: 48 54 20 4F 52 20 42 45 4C 4F 57 20 41 52 45 20 |HT OR BELOW ARE |
00002D20: 41 44 4A 55 53 54 45 44 20 54 4F 20 52 45 46 4C |ADJUSTED TO REFL|
00002D30: 45 43 54 0D 54 48 49 53 20 43 48 41 4E 47 45 2E |ECT.THIS CHANGE.|
00002D40: 20 20 74 48 45 20 69 6E 73 65 72 74 20 4F 50 54 | tHE insert OPT|
00002D50: 49 4F 4E 20 49 53 20 54 48 45 0D 52 45 56 45 52 |ION IS THE.REVER|
00002D60: 53 45 20 4F 54 20 54 48 45 20 64 65 6C 65 74 65 |SE OT THE delete|
00002D70: 20 4F 50 54 49 4F 4E 2E 0D 5E 6F 50 54 49 4F 4E | OPTION..^oPTION|
00002D80: 3A 20 6A 6D 70 0D 0D 6A 55 4D 50 53 20 54 4F 20 |: jmp..jUMPS TO |
00002D90: 41 20 53 50 45 43 49 46 49 43 20 43 45 4C 4C 0D |A SPECIFIC CELL.|
00002DA0: 0D 61 4C 4C 4F 57 20 59 4F 55 20 54 4F 20 53 50 |.aLLOW YOU TO SP|
00002DB0: 45 43 49 46 59 20 54 48 45 20 43 55 52 52 45 4E |ECIFY THE CURREN|
00002DC0: 54 20 43 45 4C 4C 0D 44 49 52 45 43 54 4C 59 20 |T CELL.DIRECTLY |
00002DD0: 57 49 54 48 4F 55 54 20 55 53 49 4E 47 20 54 48 |WITHOUT USING TH|
00002DE0: 45 20 43 55 52 53 4F 52 20 4B 45 59 53 0D 54 4F |E CURSOR KEYS.TO|
00002DF0: 20 4D 4F 56 45 20 54 48 45 20 57 49 4E 44 4F 57 | MOVE THE WINDOW|
00002E00: 20 54 4F 20 49 54 2E 20 20 74 48 49 53 20 49 53 | TO IT. tHIS IS|
00002E10: 0D 48 49 47 48 4C 59 20 52 45 43 4F 4D 4D 45 4E |.HIGHLY RECOMMEN|
00002E20: 44 45 44 20 49 46 20 54 48 45 20 43 45 4C 4C 20 |DED IF THE CELL |
00002E30: 49 53 0D 4F 55 54 53 49 44 45 20 54 48 45 20 57 |IS.OUTSIDE THE W|
00002E40: 49 4E 44 4F 57 2E 0D 5E 6F 50 54 49 4F 4E 3A 20 |INDOW..^oPTION: |
00002E50: 70 72 74 0D 0D 70 52 49 4E 54 53 20 41 20 52 41 |prt..pRINTS A RA|
00002E60: 4E 47 45 20 4F 46 20 54 48 45 20 53 50 52 45 41 |NGE OF THE SPREA|
00002E70: 44 53 48 45 45 54 0D 0D 74 48 49 53 20 4F 50 54 |DSHEET..tHIS OPT|
00002E80: 49 4F 4E 20 41 4C 4C 4F 57 53 20 59 4F 55 20 54 |ION ALLOWS YOU T|
00002E90: 4F 20 50 52 49 4E 54 20 41 20 52 41 4E 47 45 0D |O PRINT A RANGE.|
00002EA0: 4F 46 20 54 48 45 20 53 50 52 45 41 44 53 48 45 |OF THE SPREADSHE|
00002EB0: 45 54 20 54 4F 20 54 48 45 20 50 52 49 4E 54 45 |ET TO THE PRINTE|
00002EC0: 52 20 4F 52 20 41 0D 46 49 4C 45 20 4F 4E 20 44 |R OR A.FILE ON D|
00002ED0: 49 53 4B 20 54 4F 20 42 45 20 55 53 45 44 20 42 |ISK TO BE USED B|
00002EE0: 59 20 59 4F 55 52 20 4F 57 4E 0D 50 52 4F 47 52 |Y YOUR OWN.PROGR|
00002EF0: 41 4D 53 2E 20 20 61 20 50 52 49 4E 54 45 52 20 |AMS. a PRINTER |
00002F00: 53 54 52 49 4E 47 20 43 41 4E 20 42 45 0D 45 4E |STRING CAN BE.EN|
00002F10: 54 45 52 45 44 20 42 59 20 53 50 45 43 49 46 59 |TERED BY SPECIFY|
00002F20: 49 4E 47 20 61 73 63 69 69 20 56 41 4C 55 45 53 |ING ascii VALUES|
00002F30: 2E 0D 74 48 49 53 20 53 54 52 49 4E 47 20 57 49 |..tHIS STRING WI|
00002F40: 4C 4C 20 41 4C 53 4F 20 42 45 20 57 52 49 54 54 |LL ALSO BE WRITT|
00002F50: 45 4E 20 54 4F 0D 59 4F 55 52 20 46 49 4C 45 20 |EN TO.YOUR FILE |
00002F60: 49 46 20 44 49 53 4B 20 46 49 4C 45 20 57 41 53 |IF DISK FILE WAS|
00002F70: 20 52 45 51 55 45 53 54 45 44 2E 0D 5E 6F 50 54 | REQUESTED..^oPT|
00002F80: 49 4F 4E 3A 20 71 75 69 0D 0D 71 55 49 54 20 4F |ION: qui..qUIT O|
00002F90: 52 20 43 4C 45 41 52 20 53 50 52 45 41 44 53 48 |R CLEAR SPREADSH|
00002FA0: 45 45 54 0D 0D 73 45 4C 45 43 54 49 4E 47 20 54 |EET..sELECTING T|
00002FB0: 48 45 20 51 55 49 54 20 4F 50 54 49 4F 4E 20 54 |HE QUIT OPTION T|
00002FC0: 41 4B 45 53 20 59 4F 55 20 42 41 43 4B 54 4F 20 |AKES YOU BACKTO |
00002FD0: 54 48 45 20 67 6F 6C 64 20 64 69 73 6B 20 4D 45 |THE gold disk ME|
00002FE0: 4E 55 2E 0D 0D 6D 41 4B 45 20 53 55 52 45 20 54 |NU...mAKE SURE T|
00002FF0: 4F 20 53 41 56 45 20 41 20 57 4F 52 4B 53 48 45 |O SAVE A WORKSHE|
00003000: 45 54 20 49 46 20 59 4F 55 0D 57 49 53 48 20 54 |ET IF YOU.WISH T|
00003010: 4F 20 52 45 54 52 49 45 56 45 20 49 54 20 41 54 |O RETRIEVE IT AT|
00003020: 20 41 20 46 55 54 55 52 45 20 44 41 54 45 0D 62 | A FUTURE DATE.b|
00003030: 65 66 6F 72 65 20 43 4C 45 41 52 49 4E 47 20 4F |efore CLEARING O|
00003040: 52 20 51 55 49 54 49 4E 47 20 54 48 45 0D 53 50 |R QUITING THE.SP|
00003050: 52 45 41 44 53 48 45 45 54 2E 0D 5E 61 44 56 41 |READSHEET..^aDVA|
00003060: 4E 43 45 44 20 4E 4F 54 45 53 0D 0D 74 4F 20 73 |NCED NOTES..tO s|
00003070: 50 45 45 44 20 55 50 20 53 50 52 45 41 44 53 48 |PEED UP SPREADSH|
00003080: 45 45 54 20 45 4E 54 52 59 3A 0D 0D 31 29 20 74 |EET ENTRY:..1) t|
00003090: 55 52 4E 20 4F 46 46 20 72 45 2D 63 61 6C 63 55 |URN OFF rE-calcU|
000030A0: 4C 41 54 49 4F 4E 20 4F 50 54 49 4F 4E 0D 0D 32 |LATION OPTION..2|
000030B0: 29 20 69 46 20 59 4F 55 20 48 41 56 45 20 43 49 |) iF YOU HAVE CI|
000030C0: 52 43 55 4C 41 52 20 52 45 46 45 52 45 4E 43 45 |RCULAR REFERENCE|
000030D0: 53 2C 20 49 54 0D 20 20 20 57 49 4C 4C 20 53 4C |S, IT. WILL SL|
000030E0: 4F 57 20 44 4F 57 4E 20 59 4F 55 52 20 53 59 53 |OW DOWN YOUR SYS|
000030F0: 54 45 4D 20 28 45 56 45 4E 20 49 46 0D 20 20 20 |TEM (EVEN IF. |
00003100: 59 4F 55 20 48 41 56 45 20 54 55 52 4E 45 44 20 |YOU HAVE TURNED |
00003110: 54 48 45 20 43 48 45 43 4B 20 4F 46 46 29 2E 0D |THE CHECK OFF)..|
00003120: 0D 20 20 20 74 4F 20 52 45 4D 45 44 59 20 54 48 |. tO REMEDY TH|
00003130: 49 53 2C 20 59 4F 55 20 53 48 4F 55 4C 44 20 54 |IS, YOU SHOULD T|
00003140: 55 52 4E 20 41 55 54 4F 2D 20 20 20 43 41 4C 43 |URN AUTO- CALC|
00003150: 20 4F 46 46 20 57 48 49 4C 45 20 59 4F 55 20 41 | OFF WHILE YOU A|
00003160: 52 45 20 45 4E 54 45 52 49 4E 47 20 44 41 54 41 |RE ENTERING DATA|
00003170: 2E 5E 65 52 52 4F 52 20 41 50 50 45 4E 44 49 58 |.^eRROR APPENDIX|
00003180: 0D 0D 6E 4F 52 4D 41 4C 20 62 61 73 69 63 20 45 |..nORMAL basic E|
00003190: 52 52 4F 52 20 4D 45 53 53 41 47 45 20 41 4E 44 |RROR MESSAGE AND|
000031A0: 20 4D 45 41 4E 49 4E 47 53 20 41 52 45 20 56 41 | MEANINGS ARE VA|
000031B0: 4C 49 44 20 57 49 54 48 49 4E 20 54 48 45 20 53 |LID WITHIN THE S|
000031C0: 50 52 45 41 44 53 48 45 45 54 2E 20 20 74 48 45 |PREADSHEET. tHE|
000031D0: 20 0D 53 50 45 43 49 41 4C 20 45 52 52 4F 52 20 | .SPECIAL ERROR |
000031E0: 4D 45 53 53 41 47 45 53 20 41 52 45 20 41 53 20 |MESSAGES ARE AS |
000031F0: 46 4F 4C 4C 4F 57 53 3A 0D 0D 65 72 72 6F 72 20 |FOLLOWS:..error |
00003200: 46 52 4F 4D 20 43 45 4C 4C 20 72 58 58 58 63 59 |FROM CELL rXXXcY|
00003210: 59 0D 0D 20 20 20 74 48 45 20 46 4F 52 4D 55 4C |Y.. tHE FORMUL|
00003220: 41 20 49 53 20 53 59 4E 54 41 43 54 49 43 41 4C |A IS SYNTACTICAL|
00003230: 4C 59 20 43 4F 52 52 45 43 54 2C 42 55 54 20 41 |LY CORRECT,BUT A|
00003240: 20 43 45 4C 4C 20 52 45 46 45 52 45 4E 43 45 44 | CELL REFERENCED|
00003250: 20 57 49 54 48 49 4E 20 54 48 45 20 46 4F 52 4D | WITHIN THE FORM|
00003260: 55 4C 41 43 4F 4E 54 41 49 4E 53 20 41 4E 20 45 |ULACONTAINS AN E|
00003270: 52 52 4F 52 2E 0D 0D 63 69 72 63 75 6C 61 72 20 |RROR...circular |
00003280: 72 65 66 65 72 65 6E 63 65 0D 0D 20 20 20 74 48 |reference.. tH|
00003290: 45 20 46 4F 52 4D 55 4C 41 20 43 4F 4E 54 41 49 |E FORMULA CONTAI|
000032A0: 4E 53 20 41 20 43 45 4C 4C 20 54 48 41 54 20 4D |NS A CELL THAT M|
000032B0: 41 59 20 44 49 52 45 43 54 4C 59 20 4F 52 20 49 |AY DIRECTLY OR I|
000032C0: 4E 44 49 52 45 43 54 4C 59 20 43 41 55 53 45 20 |NDIRECTLY CAUSE |
000032D0: 41 4E 20 45 4E 44 4C 45 53 53 20 52 45 46 45 52 |AN ENDLESS REFER|
000032E0: 45 4E 43 45 20 53 49 54 55 41 54 49 4F 4E 2E 20 |ENCE SITUATION. |
000032F0: 20 74 48 45 20 4D 4F 53 54 20 4F 42 56 49 4F 55 | tHE MOST OBVIOU|
00003300: 53 20 0D 45 58 41 4D 50 4C 45 20 49 53 20 50 55 |S .EXAMPLE IS PU|
00003310: 54 54 49 4E 47 20 41 20 46 4F 52 4D 55 4C 41 20 |TTING A FORMULA |
00003320: 72 31 63 31 2B 31 20 49 4E 0D 43 45 4C 4C 20 72 |r1c1+1 IN.CELL r|
00003330: 31 63 31 2E 20 20 74 48 49 53 20 45 52 52 4F 52 |1c1. tHIS ERROR|
00003340: 20 4F 4E 4C 59 20 4F 43 43 55 52 53 20 49 46 0D | ONLY OCCURS IF.|
00003350: 54 48 45 20 27 63 49 52 43 55 4C 41 52 20 52 45 |THE 'cIRCULAR RE|
00003360: 46 45 52 45 4E 43 45 27 20 45 52 52 4F 52 20 48 |FERENCE' ERROR H|
00003370: 41 4E 44 4C 49 4E 47 20 49 53 20 4E 4F 54 20 54 |ANDLING IS NOT T|
00003380: 55 52 4E 45 44 20 4F 46 46 2E 0D 0D 5E 75 6E 64 |URNED OFF...^und|
00003390: 65 66 69 6E 65 64 20 63 65 6C 6C 0D 0D 20 20 20 |efined cell.. |
000033A0: 74 48 45 20 46 4F 52 4D 55 4C 41 20 43 4F 4E 54 |tHE FORMULA CONT|
000033B0: 41 49 4E 53 20 41 20 52 45 46 45 52 45 4E 43 45 |AINS A REFERENCE|
000033C0: 20 54 4F 20 41 43 45 4C 4C 20 54 48 41 54 20 48 | TO ACELL THAT H|
000033D0: 41 53 20 4E 4F 54 20 42 45 45 4E 20 44 45 46 49 |AS NOT BEEN DEFI|
000033E0: 4E 45 44 2E 20 20 20 6F 4E 43 45 0D 41 47 41 49 |NED. oNCE.AGAI|
000033F0: 4E 2C 20 54 48 49 53 20 45 52 52 4F 52 20 44 4F |N, THIS ERROR DO|
00003400: 45 53 20 4E 4F 54 20 4F 43 43 55 52 20 49 46 20 |ES NOT OCCUR IF |
00003410: 54 48 45 20 45 52 52 4F 52 20 48 41 4E 44 4C 49 |THE ERROR HANDLI|
00003420: 4E 47 20 4F 50 54 49 4F 4E 20 46 4F 52 20 54 48 |NG OPTION FOR TH|
00003430: 49 53 20 49 53 20 54 55 52 4E 45 44 4F 46 46 2E |IS IS TURNEDOFF.|
00003440: 0D 0D 73 75 62 73 63 72 69 70 74 20 4F 55 54 20 |..subscript OUT |
00003450: 4F 46 20 72 61 6E 67 65 0D 0D 20 20 74 48 49 53 |OF range.. tHIS|
00003460: 20 46 4F 52 4D 55 4C 41 20 43 4F 4E 54 41 49 4E | FORMULA CONTAIN|
00003470: 53 20 41 20 43 45 4C 4C 20 52 45 46 45 52 45 4E |S A CELL REFEREN|
00003480: 43 45 4F 55 54 53 49 44 45 20 54 48 45 20 52 41 |CEOUTSIDE THE RA|
00003490: 4E 47 45 20 4F 46 20 54 48 45 20 53 50 52 45 41 |NGE OF THE SPREA|
000034A0: 44 53 48 45 45 54 2E 20 61 4E 45 58 41 4D 50 4C |DSHEET. aNEXAMPL|
000034B0: 45 20 57 4F 55 4C 44 20 42 45 20 72 31 63 31 30 |E WOULD BE r1c10|
000034C0: 30 2E 0D 5E |0..^ |
*K^ THE GOLD DISK SPREADSHEET HAS BE
EN DESIGNED FOR EASE OF USE. FOR THIS.
REASON, ONCE THE BASICS OF USING THE.SP
READSHEET HAVE DEVELOPED, THE NEED TO RE
FER TO THESE INSTRUCTIONS SHOULD BE.MINI
MAL. HELP LINES WITHIN THE PROGRAM.SHOU
LD BE SUFFICIENT TO GUIDE THE USER.THROU
GH MOST DIFFICULTIES... ONCE YOU'VE RE
AD THESE INSTRUCTIONS,.WE RECOMMEND THAT
YOU EXPERIMENT WITH.THE SPREADSHEET TO
FAMILIARIZE YOURSELF WITH ITS OPERATION.
WE ARE SURE YOU'LL FIND THIS PROGRAM T
O BE A POWERFUL .ADDITION TO YOUR LIBRAR
Y...F1: GETTING STARTED.F2: CELL ENTRIES
.F3: ADDRESSING MODES.F4: FORMULAS.F5: S
PECIAL FUNCTIONS.F6: COMMANDS.F7: ADVANC
ED NOTES.F8: ERROR APPENDIX.^GETTING STA
RTED..THE GOLD DISK SPREADSHEET HAS A SI
ZE OF 63 COLUMNS BY 255 ROWS. USERS CAN
SEE.ANY PART OF THIS WORKSHEET BY MOVIN
G THEWINDOW (THE COMPUTER SCREEN) AROUND
. ..PREPARING DATA DISKS:..DATA DISK ARE
NORMAL COMMODORE FORMATTEDDISKETTES. G
ENERALLY, IT IS RECOMMENDEDTHAT SEPARATE
DISKETTES BE USED TO SAVE.DIFFERENT WOR
KSHEETS. TO FORMAT A DISK,USE:.. OPEN
1,8,15,"N0:DISKNAME,ID":CLOSE1..THIS M
UST BE DONE BEFORE ENTERING THE GOLD DI
SK ENVIRONMENT..^EXPLORING THE DISPLAY:.
.AS MENTIONED BEFORE, THE SCREEN IS A.WI
NDOW THROUGH WHICH YOU CAN VIEW YOUR.WOR
KSHEET. WITH THE EXCEPTION OF THE.FIR
ST FEW LINES, THE REMAINDER OF THE.SCREE
N SHOWS THE CONTENTS OF YOUR WORK- SHEET
. THIS INFORMATION IS SHOWN IN.WHITE.
THE CURRENT CELL IS SHOWN AS.BLACK ON
WHITE. THE BLUE BORDER MARKS.THE ROWS A
ND COLUMNS OF THE WINDOW...THE TOP THRE
E LINES PROVIDE STATUS.INFORMATION AN
D A PLACE FOR ENTERING.DATA INTO THE WOR
KSHEET. LET'S TAKE A.CLOSER LOOK AT THI
S SECTION:..ON THE FIRST LINE, STARTING
FROM THE.LEFT ARE THE CURRENT CELL COORD
INATES.IN RXXXCYY FORM, WHERE THE XXX
IS THE ROW NUMBER AND YY IS THE COLUMN N
UMBER. .^REMEMBER THAT THE ROW NO. RANGE
S FROM 1.TO 255 WHILE THE COLUMN RANGES
FROM 1.TO 63. ..THE NEXT INDICATOR IS N
UM/STR FLAG. THISSPECIFIES WHETHER THE
CURRENT CELL IS NUMERIC OR A STRING. F
ORMULAS YIELD A NUMERIC RESULT AND ARE
THUS CONSIDERED NUMERIC...THE NEXT INDI
CATOR IS THE AUTOCALC FLAG.CALCULATIONS
ARE USUALLY DONE AFTER EACHENTRY, ALL TH
E REQUIRED FORMULAS ARE.EVALUATED AND
THE SCREEN UPDATED WITH.THE NEW VALUES.
HOWEVER, THIS PROCESS.CAN BE TIME CONSU
MING, AND THE USER MAY WISH TO TURN OFF
THIS FEATURE UNTIL ALL THE NECESSARY DAT
A IS ENTERED. THIS.ABILITY IS PROVIDED,
AND THE STATUS IS DISPLAYED. .^FINALL
Y, ON THE FAR RIGHT, IS THE.GENERAL S
TATUS INDICATOR. IT TAKES ON.THE VALUES
'READY', 'CMD', 'WAIT' 'CALC''MEM' AND
'FULL'...READY IS THE NORMAL STATE; THIS
MEANS.THAT THE COMPUTER IS WAITING FOR
YOU TO DO SOMETHING...CMD MEANS THAT YOU
ARE EXECUTING ONE OF.THE COMMANDS (I.E.
COPY, ERASE ETC.)...WAIT INDICATES TH
AT THE COMPUTER IS WORKING...BOTH FULL
AND MEM INDICATE THAT YOU HAVERUN OUT O
F MEMORY. BUT THE CONSEQUENCESARE DIFFE
RENT. FULL INDICATES THAT YOU HAVE USED
UP ALL THE ALLOWABLE CELLS..YOU ARE ALL
OWED TO DEFINE A MAXIMUM OF.1000 CELLS.
IF YOU REACH THIS MAXIMUM.( WOW !! ) TH
E 'FULL' MESSAGE WILL BE.DISPLAYED. IF
THIS HAPPENS, YOU CAN.^STILL DO ALL THE
NORMAL FUNTIONS AS LONGAS THEY DON'T RES
ULT IN THE CREATION OF NEW CELLS...MEM O
N THE OTHER HAND IS A BIT MORE.SEVERE.
THIS INDICATES THAT YOU HAVE.EXHAUSTED T
HE 64'S MEMORY. AT THIS POINTYOU WILL NO
T BE ALLOWED TO CREATE ANY.NEW CELLS OR
USE THE 'COPY' FUNCTION.UNTIL SOME MEM
ORY HAS BEEN FREED UP...THE SECOND AND T
HIRD LINES ARE USED TO DISPLAY THE CONT
ENTS OF THE CURRENT CELLAND FOR DATA ENT
RY. THESE LINES ARE.ALSO USED DURING CO
MMAND MODE...FINALLY, IF INPUT IS NEEDED
, THE CURSOR WILL FLASH AT THE APPROPRIA
TE PLACE..ERROR MESSAGES ARE PRINTED IN
YELLOW..^USING THE KEYBOARD:..TO MOVE TH
E POSITION OF THE CURRENT CELLUSE THE NO
RMAL COMMODORE CRSR KEYS. THECURRENT CE
LL ( HIGHLIGHTED ) WILL MOVE.WITHIN THE
WINDOW. IF YOU MOVE PAST THEEDGES OF TH
E WINDOW THE WINDOW WILL MOVEIN THAT DIR
ECTION. THEREFORE, IF YOU.WISH TO MOVE
THE WINDOW TO THE RIGHT,.JUST KEEP MOVIN
G YOUR CURRENT CELL TO.THE RIGHT. OTHER
MOVEMENT KEYS INCLUDE THE HOME KEY, WHI
CH WILL MOVE TO THE TOPLEFT CORNER OF TH
E WINDOW, AND THE CLR .KEY, WHICH WILL M
OVE TO CELL AT ROW 1.COLUMN 1...ALL INPU
T MUST BE TERMINATED BY THE.RETURN KEY..
.F7 IS A GENERAL ABORT KEY; IT WILL TAKE
YOU BACK ONE STEP AS A RULE OF THUMB...
^TO TOGGLE AUTOMATIC RECALCULATION OPTIO
NON AND OFF, USE THE F3 KEY. ONCE TURNE
DOFF, YOU CAN FORCE A RECALCULATION BY.H
ITTING THE F5 KEY...F1 WILL PUT YOU IN C
OMMAND MODE - MORE .ON THIS LATER....^CE
LL ENTRIES..THREE TYPE OF ENTRIES ARE AV
AILABLE FOR EACH CELL:..1) STRINGS.2) CO
NSTANTS.3) FORMULAS..STRINGS MUST BEGIN
WITH A QUOTATION MARK ("). THESE ENTRIE
S HAVE NO EFFECT ON FORMULAS IN THE SPR
EADSHEET AND ARE USEDONLY TO DOCUMENT TH
E SPREADSHEET. TITLESARE A GOOD EXAMPLE
OF THIS. KEEP IN MINDTHAT STRINGS ARE TR
UNCATED BEFORE BEING DISPLAYED TO THE CE
LL SIZE, SO THAT THEYDON'T OVERLAP OTHER
CELLS...A CONSTANT IS ANY EXPRESSION TH
AT DOES.NOT INVOLVE ANY OTHER CELL WITHI
N THE.SPREADSHEET. THESE ARE EVALUATED
AND.REPRESENTED INTERNALLY AS CONSTANTS.
..^FORMULAS ARE EXPRESSIONS THAT DO INVO
LVEOTHER CELLS WITHIN THE SPREADSHEET AN
D.ARE STORED WITHIN THE SPREADSHEET IN.S
OURCE FORM. IF THE RECALC OPTION IS ON,F
ORMULAS ARE AUTOMATICALLY RE-EVALUATED I
F ANY OF THE CELLS REFERENCED BY THE.FOR
MULA HAVE CHANGED..^ADDRESSING MODES..TH
ERE ARE TWO WAYS OF SPECIFYING A CELL WI
THIN A FORMULA:..1) ABSOLUTE ADDRESSING.
2) RELATIVE ADDRESSING..ABSOLUTE ADDRESS
ING IS VERY STRAIGHT.FORWARD. CELLS USI
NG THIS REFERENCE.TECHNIQUE WILL ALWAYS
TAKE ON THE VALUE OF THE CELL AT THAT LO
CATION. FOR.EXAMPLE, R1C1 WILL ALWAYS RE
FER TO THE.VALUE AT ROW 1 COLUMN 1..THER
E ARE TWO VARIATIONS OF RELATIVE.ADDRESS
ING. YOU CAN LEAVE OFF ONE OF.THE CO-OR
DINATES AND LET THAT CO-ORD.DEFAULT TO T
HAT OF THE REFERENCING CELL.FOR EXAMPLE,
IF THE CELL AT R10 C20 HAS THE FORMULA
R1+R2, THE EXPRESSION IS.INTERPRETED AS
R1C20 + R2C20 WHILE THE.SAME FORMULA AT
R10C30 WILL BE EVALUATEDAS R1C30+R2C30.
THIS TECHNIQUE APPLIES ^FOR SPECIFYING
THE COLUMNS ONLY AS WELL.THE FINAL VARIA
TION IS TO USE A FULLY.RELATIVE NOTATION
OF [OFFROW,OFFCOL],.WHERE 'OFFROW' IS T
HE ROW OFFSET AND .'OFFCOL' IS THE COLUM
N OFFSET. FOR.EXAMPLE, [-1,0] REFERS
TO THE CELL.DIRECTLY ABOVE THE SPECIFYIN
G CELL..^FORMULAS..FORMULAS CONSIST OF A
COMBINATION OF .OPERATORS AND OPERANDS
JUST LIKE A BASICEXPRESSION WITH ONE EXC
EPTION, THE ONLY ALLOWED VARIABLES ARE O
THER CELLS...ALL OF BASIC'S NUMERIC FUNC
TIONS ARE.OPERATIONAL AND THE ORDER OF O
PERATION.IS IDENTICAL TO THAT OF BASIC.
KEEP IN MIND THAT IF A CELL REFERENCE I
S NOT.PRESENT, THE SPREADSHEET ASSUMES T
HIS TOBE A CONSTANT AND EVALUATES IT TO
A.SINGLE CONSTANT. FOR EXAMPLE, TO HAVE
ARANDOM NUMBER BETWEEN 0 AND 9 APPEAR I
N CELL R1C1 AT EVERY RECALC, USE THE.FOR
MULA:.. R1C2+INT(RND(0)*10)..WHER
E THE CELL R1C2 CONTAINS A 0..^AS IN BAS
IC, LOGICAL EXPRESSIONS CAN BE INCLUDED
IN THE FORMULA. THE CONVENTION IS THAT A
TRUE RESULT YIELDS A -1 WHILE A FALSE R
ESULT YIELDS A 0...FOR EXAMPLE, THE FORM
ULA:.. -(R1C1 > R1C2)*100..WILL
RETURN 100 IF R1C1 > R1C2 AND 0.OTHERWIS
E. PROPER USE OF THIS TECHNIQUEALLOWS C
OMPLEX CONDITIONAL CELLS..^SPECIAL FUNCT
IONS..THE FOLLOWING SPECIAL SPREADSHE
ET.FUNCTIONS ARE AVAILABLE:..COUNT (CELL
1,CELL2).MIN (CELL1,CELL2).MAX (CELL1,CE
LL2).SUM (CELL1,CELL2)..(CELL1, CELL2) D
EFINES A RANGE OR BLOCK OF DATA WITHIN A
SPREADSHEET. CELL1 IS DEFINES THE TOP-
LEFT CORNER OF THE RANGEAND CELL2 THE BO
TTOM-RIGHT CORNER OF THERANGE. FOR EXAM
PLE THE SPECIFICATION.. ( R1C1,
R10C10 )..REFERS TO ALL CELLS BETWEEN R
1 AND R10 AND C1 AND C10 INCLUSIVE. THE
RANGE.. ( R5C1,R5C63 )..^REFERS
TO ALL CELLS ON ROW 5 WHILE THE.RANGE .
. ( C1,C63 )..REFERS TO ALL CEL
LS ON THE ROW OF THE .CELL CONTAINING TH
IS FORMULA...YOU MAY ALSO USE RELATIVE A
DDRESSING IN SPECIFYING CELL1 AND CELL2.
.FOR EXAMPLE:.. (R1C1,[-1,0]).
.REFERS TO ALL CELLS BETWEEN THE CELL R1
.C1 AND THE CELL DIRECTLY ABOVE THE ONE.
CONTAINING THIS FORMULA..COUNT: RETURNS
THE NUMBER OF DEFINED .NUMERIC CELLS WIT
HIN THE RANGE. NOTE.THAT CELLS CONTAINI
NG STRINGS ARE NOT.COUNTED...^MIN: RETUR
NS THE SMALLEST VALUE OF ALL.CELLS IN TH
E RANGE...MAX: RETURNS THE LARGEST VALUE
OF ALL .CELLS IN THE RANGE...SUM: RETUR
NS THE SUM OF ALL CELLS WITHINTHE RANGE.
UNDEFINED CELLS AS WELL AS.CELLS CONTA
INING STRINGS ARE COUNTED AS HAVING THE
VALUE 0...FOR EXAMPLE, THE FORMULA:..
SUM(R1C1,R10C10)/COUNT(R1C1,R10C10) .WI
LL RETURN THE AVERAGE VALUE OF ALL THEDE
FINED, NUMERIC CELLS IN THAT RANGE...^CO
MMANDS..TO ENTER COMMAND MODE, HIT F1 AN
D THE .MODE INDICATOR ON THE TOP-RIG
HT OF SCREEN WILL SWITCH TO CMD. USE T
HE CRSRKEYS TO HIGHLIGHT THE DESIRED OPT
ION ANDTHE RETURN KEY TO SELECT. THE F7
KEY.WILL TAKE THE OPTION BACK ONE STEP
AND.CAN BE USED TO ABORT THE OPTION. HE
LP.LINES ARE PROVIDED ON THE THIRD LINE
AS A CONVENIENCE...THE AVAILABLE COMMAND
S ARE:..COL: SET COLUMN CHARACTERISTICS.
.CPY: COPIES A RANGE OF CELLS WITHIN THE
SPEADSHEET TO ANOTHER LOCATION..DE
L: DELETES A ROW OR COLUMN..ERA: ERASES
A ROW, COLUMN OR RANGE.^ERR: SET ERROR H
ANDLING OPTION..FIL: FILE OPERATIONS..IN
S: INSERTS A ROW OR COLUMN..JMP: JUMPS T
O A SPECIFIC CELL..PRT: PRINTS A RANGE O
F THE SPREADSHEET..QUI: QUIT OR CLEAR SP
READSHEET.^OPTION: COL..SET COLUMN CHARA
CTERISTICS FOR A RANGE .OF COLUMNS...TWO
CHARACTERICS MAY BE CHANGED:..1) COLUMN
WIDTH: A WIDTH OF 1 TO 31. MAY BE SPE
CIFIED..2) THE WAY NUMERIC DATA IS DISPL
AY:.. A) AS BAR-GRAPH: THE VALUE OF TH
E. CELL INDICATES THE NUMBER OF '*'
. TO BE DISPLAYED. A VALUE OUTSIDE
. THE RANGE (1 TO COL. WIDTH) WILL.
RESULT IN A 'WIDTH' ERROR... B)
AS $ TYPE DATA: ALL NUMBERS ARE. SP
ECIFIED AS 2 DECIMAL PLACES. PRECED
ED BY A $ SIGN..^ C) AS FREE-FORMAT: T
HE VALUE OF THE. CELL IS DISPLAYED
AS BASIC WOULD. PRINT IT... D) AS
FIX-DECIMAL: THE USER MUST. SPECIF
Y THE NUMBER OF DECIMAL. PLACES TO
USE. 0-7 IS VALID..^OPTION: CPY..COPIES
RANGES WITHIN THE SPEADSHEET..THREE COP
Y OPTIONS ARE PROVIDED:..1) COPY DOWN WI
LL COPY A SECTION OF A. ROW DOWN A SPE
CIFIED NUMBER OF ROWS.. THIS IS PARTIC
ULARLY USEFUL IF YOU. ARE COPYING A RO
W OF FORMULAS WHICH. OPERATES (USING R
ELATIVE ADDRESSING). ON THE PRECEDING
ROW...2) COPY RIGHT WILL COPY A SECTION
OF A. COLUMN TO THE RIGHT A SPECIFIED.
NUMBER OF COLUMNS...3) COPY RANGE WIL
L COPY A RANGE OF THE. SPREADSHEET TO
ANOTHER PART OF THE. SPREADSHEET..^OPT
ION: DEL..DELETES A ROW OR COLUMN..A ENT
IRE ROW OR COLUMN CAN BE REMOVED.FROM TH
E SPREADSHEET BY USING THIS.OPTION. THE
OTHER ROWS/COLUMNS WILL BE.SHIFTED TO R
EFLECT THIS CHANGE. FOR.EXAMPLE, IF ROW
5 IS DELETED, ROW 6.BECOMES ROW 5, ROW
7 BECOMES ROW 6, ETC.^OPTION: ERA..ERASE
S A ROW, COLUMN OR RANGE..ERASE WILL ERA
SE CELL CONTENTS (STRINGS,CONSTANTS AND
FORMULAS) OF THE SPECIFIEDAREA. CELLS O
UTSIDE THIS SPECIFIED AREAREMAIN UNTOUCH
ED..^OPTION: ERR..SET ERROR HANDLING OPT
ION..ALLOWS THE SETTING AND UNSETTING OF
THE.CIRCULAR REFERENCE AND UNDEFINED CE
LL.ERROR HANDLING..^OPTION: FIL..FILE OP
ERATIONS..FILE OPERATIONS INCLUDE THE LO
ADING AND.SAVING OF SPREADSHEETS. FILEN
AMES ARE .REQUESTED FOR BOTH OPTIONS. W
ARNING:.A SCRATCH IS DONE BEFORE A SAVE
IS.ATTEMPTED - BE SURE NOT TO SPECIFY A.
WILD CHARACTER: '*' OR '?' IN YOUR.FILEN
AME...A DIRECTORY OPTION IS ALSO PROVIDE
D..HOLD THE SPACE BAR IF YOU WISH TO PAU
SE.THE LISTING..^OPTION: INS..INSERTS A
ROW OR COLUMN..A ROW OR COLUMN CAN INSER
TED JUST PRIOR.TO A SPECIFIED ROW/COL.
CELLS TO THE.RIGHT OR BELOW ARE ADJUSTED
TO REFLECT.THIS CHANGE. THE INSERT OPT
ION IS THE.REVERSE OT THE DELETE OPTION.
.^OPTION: JMP..JUMPS TO A SPECIFIC CELL.
.ALLOW YOU TO SPECIFY THE CURRENT CELL.D
IRECTLY WITHOUT USING THE CURSOR KEYS.TO
MOVE THE WINDOW TO IT. THIS IS.HIGHLY
RECOMMENDED IF THE CELL IS.OUTSIDE THE W
INDOW..^OPTION: PRT..PRINTS A RANGE OF T
HE SPREADSHEET..THIS OPTION ALLOWS YOU T
O PRINT A RANGE.OF THE SPREADSHEET TO TH
E PRINTER OR A.FILE ON DISK TO BE USED B
Y YOUR OWN.PROGRAMS. A PRINTER STRING C
AN BE.ENTERED BY SPECIFYING ASCII VALUES
..THIS STRING WILL ALSO BE WRITTEN TO.YO
UR FILE IF DISK FILE WAS REQUESTED..^OPT
ION: QUI..QUIT OR CLEAR SPREADSHEET..SEL
ECTING THE QUIT OPTION TAKES YOU BACKTO
THE GOLD DISK MENU...MAKE SURE TO SAVE A
WORKSHEET IF YOU.WISH TO RETRIEVE IT AT
A FUTURE DATE.BEFORE CLEARING OR QUITIN
G THE.SPREADSHEET..^ADVANCED NOTES..TO S
PEED UP SPREADSHEET ENTRY:..1) TURN OFF
RE-CALCULATION OPTION..2) IF YOU HAVE CI
RCULAR REFERENCES, IT. WILL SLOW DOWN
YOUR SYSTEM (EVEN IF. YOU HAVE TURNED
THE CHECK OFF)... TO REMEDY THIS, YOU
SHOULD TURN AUTO- CALC OFF WHILE YOU A
RE ENTERING DATA.^ERROR APPENDIX..NORMAL
BASIC ERROR MESSAGE AND MEANINGS ARE VA
LID WITHIN THE SPREADSHEET. THE .SPECIA
L ERROR MESSAGES ARE AS FOLLOWS:..ERROR
FROM CELL RXXXCYY.. THE FORMULA IS SYN
TACTICALLY CORRECT,BUT A CELL REFERENCED
WITHIN THE FORMULACONTAINS AN ERROR...C
IRCULAR REFERENCE.. THE FORMULA CONTAI
NS A CELL THAT MAY DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTL
Y CAUSE AN ENDLESS REFERENCE SITUATION.
THE MOST OBVIOUS .EXAMPLE IS PUTTING A
FORMULA R1C1+1 IN.CELL R1C1. THIS ERROR
ONLY OCCURS IF.THE 'CIRCULAR REFERENCE'
ERROR HANDLING IS NOT TURNED OFF...^UND
EFINED CELL.. THE FORMULA CONTAINS A R
EFERENCE TO ACELL THAT HAS NOT BEEN DEFI
NED. ONCE.AGAIN, THIS ERROR DOES NOT O
CCUR IF THE ERROR HANDLING OPTION FOR TH
IS IS TURNEDOFF...SUBSCRIPT OUT OF RANGE
.. THIS FORMULA CONTAINS A CELL REFEREN
CEOUTSIDE THE RANGE OF THE SPREADSHEET.
ANEXAMPLE WOULD BE R1C100..^
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