PARAMETERS LEFT
FILE INFORMATION
FILENAME(S): PARAMETERS LEFT
FILE TYPE(S): SEQ
FILE SIZE: 17.6K
FIRST SEEN: 2025-10-19 22:35:32
APPEARS ON: 2 disk(s)
FILE HASH
ed5b550b8b9b3ca3cf0b17b9b56913f787369b937b1a7f6c322e8bdcf40c9bc9
FOUND ON DISKS (2 DISKS)
| DISK TITLE | FILENAME | FILE TYPE | COLLECTION | TRACK | SECTOR | ACTIONS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HOSEHEAD | PARAMETERS LEFT | SEQ | Radd Maxx | 24 | 1 | DOWNLOAD FILE |
| NOVATERM 9 5 DOX | PARAMETERS LEFT | SEQ | High Voltage Complete C64 Collection | 24 | 1 | DOWNLOAD FILE |
FILE CONTENT & ANALYSIS
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00003B00: 45 20 49 53 20 4F 4E 20 49 54 53 20 57 41 59 2E |E IS ON ITS WAY.|
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00003B20: 4E 54 0D 4F 46 20 54 49 4D 45 20 28 4F 4E 20 54 |NT.OF TIME (ON T|
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00003B70: 41 43 48 20 42 49 54 20 4F 46 20 4F 46 20 54 48 |ACH BIT OF OF TH|
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00003BA0: 52 54 41 49 4E 0D 41 4D 4F 55 4E 54 20 4F 46 20 |RTAIN.AMOUNT OF |
00003BB0: 54 49 4D 45 20 54 4F 20 42 45 20 53 45 4E 54 20 |TIME TO BE SENT |
00003BC0: 41 53 20 57 45 4C 4C 2E 20 D4 48 45 20 53 54 41 |AS WELL. .HE STA|
00003BD0: 52 54 2D 42 49 54 20 54 49 4D 45 20 49 53 20 41 |RT-BIT TIME IS A|
00003BE0: 20 4C 49 54 54 4C 45 0D 4C 4F 4E 47 45 52 20 54 | LITTLE.LONGER T|
00003BF0: 48 41 4E 20 54 48 45 20 46 55 4C 4C 2D 42 49 54 |HAN THE FULL-BIT|
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00003C10: 20 52 41 54 45 20 54 49 4D 45 52 53 20 4D 45 4E | RATE TIMERS MEN|
00003C20: 55 20 41 4C 4C 4F 57 53 20 59 4F 55 20 54 4F 20 |U ALLOWS YOU TO |
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00003C40: 52 54 2D 42 49 54 20 41 4E 44 0D 46 55 4C 4C 2D |RT-BIT AND.FULL-|
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00003C90: 0D 52 41 54 45 2E 20 20 D9 4F 55 20 43 41 4E 20 |.RATE. .OU CAN |
00003CA0: 43 41 4C 43 55 4C 41 54 45 20 54 52 41 4E 53 4D |CALCULATE TRANSM|
00003CB0: 49 54 20 54 49 4D 45 52 20 56 41 4C 55 45 53 20 |IT TIMER VALUES |
00003CC0: 46 4F 52 20 41 4E 59 20 4E 4F 4E 2D 20 53 54 41 |FOR ANY NON- STA|
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00003CE0: 42 59 20 44 49 56 49 44 49 4E 47 20 54 48 45 20 |BY DIVIDING THE |
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00003D00: 20 28 39 38 35 2C 32 35 30 20 46 4F 52 20 D0 C1 | (985,250 FOR ..|
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00003D40: 44 49 4E 47 2C 20 41 4E 44 20 53 55 42 52 54 52 |DING, AND SUBRTR|
00003D50: 41 43 54 49 4E 47 20 4F 4E 45 2E 0D D2 45 43 45 |ACTING ONE...ECE|
00003D60: 49 56 45 20 54 49 4D 45 52 20 56 41 4C 55 45 53 |IVE TIMER VALUES|
00003D70: 20 28 53 54 41 52 54 2D 42 49 54 20 54 49 4D 45 | (START-BIT TIME|
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00003DF0: 54 45 20 43 41 4C 43 55 4C 41 54 49 4F 4E 20 46 |TE CALCULATION F|
00003E00: 49 52 53 54 20 28 54 4F 20 49 4E 43 52 45 41 53 |IRST (TO INCREAS|
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00003E50: 55 53 54 49 4E 47 20 54 48 45 20 56 41 4C 55 45 |USTING THE VALUE|
00003E60: 20 55 4E 54 49 4C 20 59 4F 55 20 47 45 54 0D 43 | UNTIL YOU GET.C|
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00003E90: 41 54 45 2E 0D 0D D4 48 45 20 4D 4F 53 54 20 43 |ATE....HE MOST C|
00003EA0: 4F 4D 4D 4F 4E 20 55 53 45 20 46 4F 52 20 54 48 |OMMON USE FOR TH|
00003EB0: 49 53 20 46 45 41 54 55 52 45 20 49 53 20 54 4F |IS FEATURE IS TO|
00003EC0: 20 41 43 48 49 45 56 45 20 54 48 45 20 31 32 30 | ACHIEVE THE 120|
00003ED0: 30 2F 37 35 20 42 41 55 44 0D 52 41 54 45 20 55 |0/75 BAUD.RATE U|
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00003F20: 44 4F 20 4E 4F 54 20 4E 45 45 44 20 54 4F 20 41 |DO NOT NEED TO A|
00003F30: 44 4A 55 53 54 20 54 48 45 20 53 54 41 52 54 2D |DJUST THE START-|
00003F40: 20 41 4E 44 20 46 55 4C 4C 2D 42 49 54 20 54 49 | AND FULL-BIT TI|
00003F50: 4D 45 53 2E 20 20 D4 4F 20 46 49 4E 44 20 54 48 |MES. .O FIND TH|
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00003F70: 49 4D 45 2C 20 44 49 56 49 44 45 20 39 38 35 2C |IME, DIVIDE 985,|
00003F80: 32 35 30 20 42 59 20 37 35 2C 20 52 4F 55 4E 44 |250 BY 75, ROUND|
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00003FB0: 20 56 41 4C 55 45 20 31 33 31 33 36 2E 20 C5 4E | VALUE 13136. .N|
00003FC0: 54 45 52 20 54 48 49 53 20 56 41 4C 55 45 20 46 |TER THIS VALUE F|
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00003FE0: 54 49 4D 45 20 55 4E 44 45 52 20 54 48 45 20 31 |TIME UNDER THE 1|
00003FF0: 32 30 30 0D 42 41 55 44 20 43 4F 4C 55 4D 4E 20 |200.BAUD COLUMN |
00004000: 41 4E 44 20 53 41 56 45 20 59 4F 55 52 20 43 4F |AND SAVE YOUR CO|
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00004040: 59 4F 55 27 4C 4C 20 41 43 54 55 41 4C 4C 59 20 |YOU'LL ACTUALLY |
00004050: 42 45 20 4F 50 45 52 41 54 49 4E 47 20 41 54 20 |BE OPERATING AT |
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000040A0: 44 45 20 39 38 35 2C 32 35 30 20 42 59 20 31 32 |DE 985,250 BY 12|
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000040D0: 45 54 20 38 32 30 2E 29 0D 0D CE CF D4 C5 3A 20 |ET 820.)......: |
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00004100: 49 53 20 50 52 45 53 45 4E 54 2C 20 54 48 45 53 |IS PRESENT, THES|
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00004130: 52 45 20 4E 4F 54 20 55 53 45 44 2E 0D 0D 33 2E |RE NOT USED...3.|
00004140: 35 2E 31 30 20 20 34 30 20 43 4F 4C 55 4D 4E 20 |5.10 40 COLUMN |
00004150: 43 4F 4C 4F 52 53 2E 20 20 D3 45 45 20 53 45 43 |COLORS. .EE SEC|
00004160: 54 49 4F 4E 20 32 2E 33 2E 36 2E 0D 0D 33 2E 35 |TION 2.3.6...3.5|
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00004180: 4F 4C 4F 52 53 2E 0D 0D D3 45 4C 45 43 54 49 4E |OLORS....ELECTIN|
00004190: 47 20 22 38 30 20 43 4F 4C 55 4D 4E 20 43 4F 4C |G "80 COLUMN COL|
000041A0: 4F 52 22 20 50 52 45 53 45 4E 54 53 20 59 4F 55 |OR" PRESENTS YOU|
000041B0: 20 57 49 54 48 20 41 20 4D 45 4E 55 20 46 4F 52 | WITH A MENU FOR|
000041C0: 20 43 48 41 4E 47 49 4E 47 0D 54 45 58 54 2C 20 | CHANGING.TEXT, |
000041D0: 42 41 43 4B 47 52 4F 55 4E 44 2C 20 41 4E 44 20 |BACKGROUND, AND |
000041E0: 42 4F 52 44 45 52 20 43 4F 4C 4F 52 53 2E 20 20 |BORDER COLORS. |
000041F0: D4 48 45 53 45 20 41 52 45 20 54 48 45 20 43 4F |.HESE ARE THE CO|
00004200: 4C 4F 52 53 20 54 48 41 54 20 41 52 45 0D 55 53 |LORS THAT ARE.US|
00004210: 45 44 20 49 4E 20 38 30 20 43 4F 4C 55 4D 4E 20 |ED IN 80 COLUMN |
00004220: 4D 4F 44 45 2E 20 20 C3 48 4F 4F 53 45 20 54 48 |MODE. .HOOSE TH|
00004230: 45 20 44 45 53 49 52 45 44 20 43 4F 4C 4F 52 20 |E DESIRED COLOR |
00004240: 43 4F 4D 42 49 4E 41 54 49 4F 4E 20 54 48 45 20 |COMBINATION THE |
00004250: 53 41 4D 45 0D 57 41 59 20 59 4F 55 20 44 49 44 |SAME.WAY YOU DID|
00004260: 20 46 4F 52 20 54 48 45 20 4E 4F 52 4D 41 4C 20 | FOR THE NORMAL |
00004270: 53 43 52 45 45 4E 20 44 49 53 50 4C 41 59 20 41 |SCREEN DISPLAY A|
00004280: 42 4F 56 45 2E 20 20 D9 4F 55 20 4D 41 59 20 41 |BOVE. .OU MAY A|
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000042A0: 45 58 54 20 41 4E 44 20 42 41 43 4B 47 52 4F 55 |EXT AND BACKGROU|
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000042C0: 45 20 38 30 20 43 4F 4C 55 4D 4E 20 53 54 41 54 |E 80 COLUMN STAT|
000042D0: 55 53 20 4C 49 4E 45 2E 20 20 D7 48 45 4E 0D 46 |US LINE. .HEN.F|
000042E0: 49 4E 49 53 48 45 44 2C 20 53 45 4C 45 43 54 20 |INISHED, SELECT |
000042F0: 22 D1 55 49 54 22 20 54 4F 20 52 45 54 55 52 4E |".UIT" TO RETURN|
00004300: 20 54 4F 20 54 48 45 20 54 45 52 4D 49 4E 41 4C | TO THE TERMINAL|
00004310: 20 53 45 54 55 50 20 4D 45 4E 55 2E 20 20 D4 48 | SETUP MENU. .H|
00004320: 45 0D 53 43 52 45 45 4E 20 43 48 41 4E 47 45 53 |E.SCREEN CHANGES|
00004330: 20 42 41 43 4B 20 54 4F 20 49 54 53 20 4E 4F 52 | BACK TO ITS NOR|
00004340: 4D 41 4C 20 43 4F 4C 4F 52 53 2E 20 20 C9 4E 20 |MAL COLORS. .N |
00004350: 54 45 52 4D 49 4E 41 4C 20 4D 4F 44 45 2C 20 59 |TERMINAL MODE, Y|
00004360: 4F 55 20 4D 55 53 54 0D 50 52 45 53 53 20 C3 3D |OU MUST.PRESS .=|
00004370: 20 D9 20 49 4E 20 4F 52 44 45 52 20 54 4F 20 43 | . IN ORDER TO C|
00004380: 48 41 4E 47 45 20 54 48 45 20 43 4F 4C 4F 52 53 |HANGE THE COLORS|
00004390: 20 54 4F 20 54 48 45 20 44 45 46 41 55 4C 54 53 | TO THE DEFAULTS|
000043A0: 20 59 4F 55 20 48 41 56 45 20 53 45 54 2E 0D 0D | YOU HAVE SET...|
000043B0: 33 2E 35 2E 31 32 20 20 CC 4F 41 44 20 43 4F 4E |3.5.12 .OAD CON|
000043C0: 46 49 47 20 46 49 4C 45 2E 0D 0D CC 4F 41 44 49 |FIG FILE....OADI|
000043D0: 4E 47 20 54 48 45 20 43 4F 4E 46 49 47 55 52 41 |NG THE CONFIGURA|
000043E0: 54 49 4F 4E 20 46 49 4C 45 20 52 45 53 45 54 53 |TION FILE RESETS|
000043F0: 20 CE 4F 56 41 54 45 52 4D 20 54 4F 20 54 48 45 | .OVATERM TO THE|
00004400: 20 4F 50 54 49 4F 4E 53 20 59 4F 55 0D 53 45 4C | OPTIONS YOU.SEL|
00004410: 45 43 54 45 44 20 42 45 46 4F 52 45 20 4C 41 53 |ECTED BEFORE LAS|
00004420: 54 20 53 41 56 49 4E 47 20 54 48 45 20 46 49 4C |T SAVING THE FIL|
00004430: 45 2E 20 20 C9 46 20 59 4F 55 20 48 41 56 45 20 |E. .F YOU HAVE |
00004440: 43 48 41 4E 47 45 44 20 53 45 56 45 52 41 4C 20 |CHANGED SEVERAL |
00004450: 4F 46 0D 54 48 45 20 43 4F 4E 46 49 47 55 52 41 |OF.THE CONFIGURA|
00004460: 54 49 4F 4E 20 4F 50 54 49 4F 4E 53 2C 20 54 48 |TION OPTIONS, TH|
00004470: 49 53 20 49 53 20 41 20 51 55 49 43 4B 20 57 41 |IS IS A QUICK WA|
00004480: 59 20 54 4F 20 52 45 53 54 4F 52 45 20 54 48 45 |Y TO RESTORE THE|
00004490: 0D 44 45 46 41 55 4C 54 53 2E 0D 0D 33 2E 35 2E |.DEFAULTS...3.5.|
000044A0: 31 33 20 20 D3 41 56 45 20 43 4F 4E 46 49 47 20 |13 .AVE CONFIG |
000044B0: 46 49 4C 45 2E 0D 0D D7 48 45 4E 20 59 4F 55 20 |FILE....HEN YOU |
000044C0: 53 41 56 45 20 54 48 45 20 43 4F 4E 46 49 47 55 |SAVE THE CONFIGU|
000044D0: 52 41 54 49 4F 4E 20 46 49 4C 45 2C 20 54 48 45 |RATION FILE, THE|
000044E0: 20 46 4F 4C 4C 4F 57 49 4E 47 20 49 4E 46 4F 52 | FOLLOWING INFOR|
000044F0: 4D 41 54 49 4F 4E 20 49 53 0D 53 54 4F 52 45 44 |MATION IS.STORED|
00004500: 3A 20 20 CD 4F 44 45 4D 20 54 59 50 45 2C 20 54 |: .ODEM TYPE, T|
00004510: 45 52 4D 49 4E 41 4C 20 45 4D 55 4C 41 54 4F 52 |ERMINAL EMULATOR|
00004520: 2C 20 50 52 4F 54 4F 43 4F 4C 2C 20 C1 D3 C3 C9 |, PROTOCOL, ....|
00004530: C9 20 54 41 42 4C 45 2C 20 4E 4F 52 4D 41 4C 0D |. TABLE, NORMAL.|
00004540: 46 4F 4E 54 2C 20 38 30 20 43 4F 4C 55 4D 4E 20 |FONT, 80 COLUMN |
00004550: 46 4F 4E 54 2C 20 42 41 55 44 20 52 41 54 45 20 |FONT, BAUD RATE |
00004560: 54 49 4D 45 52 53 2C 20 46 55 4E 43 54 49 4F 4E |TIMERS, FUNCTION|
00004570: 20 4B 45 59 20 44 45 46 49 4E 49 54 49 4F 4E 53 | KEY DEFINITIONS|
00004580: 2C 0D 44 45 56 49 43 45 20 53 45 54 54 49 4E 47 |,.DEVICE SETTING|
00004590: 53 2C 20 53 43 52 45 45 4E 20 43 4F 4C 4F 52 53 |S, SCREEN COLORS|
000045A0: 2C 20 38 30 20 43 4F 4C 55 4D 4E 20 43 4F 4C 4F |, 80 COLUMN COLO|
000045B0: 52 53 2C 20 42 41 55 44 20 52 41 54 45 2C 20 4D |RS, BAUD RATE, M|
000045C0: 4F 44 45 4D 0D 49 4E 49 54 49 41 4C 49 5A 41 54 |ODEM.INITIALIZAT|
000045D0: 49 4F 4E 20 53 54 52 49 4E 47 2C 20 44 49 41 4C |ION STRING, DIAL|
000045E0: 20 4D 45 54 48 4F 44 2C 20 52 45 44 49 41 4C 20 | METHOD, REDIAL |
000045F0: 44 45 4C 41 59 2C 20 D8 CF CE 20 41 4E 44 20 D8 |DELAY, ... AND .|
00004600: CF C6 C6 0D 43 48 41 52 41 43 54 45 52 53 2C 20 |....CHARACTERS, |
00004610: 46 4C 4F 57 20 43 4F 4E 54 52 4F 4C 20 54 4F 4C |FLOW CONTROL TOL|
00004620: 45 52 41 4E 43 45 2C 20 43 4F 4D 4D 55 4E 49 43 |ERANCE, COMMUNIC|
00004630: 41 54 49 4F 4E 20 50 41 52 41 4D 45 54 45 52 53 |ATION PARAMETERS|
00004640: 2C 0D D3 57 49 46 54 CC 49 4E 4B 20 53 45 54 54 |,..WIFT.INK SETT|
00004650: 49 4E 47 2C 20 50 48 4F 4E 45 20 42 4F 4F 4B 20 |ING, PHONE BOOK |
00004660: 46 49 4C 45 2C 20 46 55 4E 43 54 49 4F 4E 20 4B |FILE, FUNCTION K|
00004670: 45 59 20 46 49 4C 45 2C 20 38 30 20 43 4F 4C 55 |EY FILE, 80 COLU|
00004680: 4D 4E 0D 53 43 52 4F 4C 4C 20 41 44 4A 55 53 54 |MN.SCROLL ADJUST|
00004690: 2E 0D 0D |... |
3.5 TERMINAL PARAMETERS MENU..THE TERMI
NAL PARAMETERS MENU ALLOWS YOU TO MODIFY
A NUMBER OF.CONFIGURATION OPTIONS FOR N
OVATERM. MOST OF THESE OPTIONS MAY BE.S
AVED IN A CONFIGURATION FILE (SEE 3.5.13
, SAVE CONFIG FILE)...3.5.1 MODEM TYPE.
..SELECTING "MODEM TYPE" BRINGS UP A MEN
U OF AVAILABLE MODEM DRIVERS..WHEN YOU S
ELECT A MODEM DRIVER, THE FILE IS LOADED
INTO THE COMPUTER'S.MEMORY, AND ALL MOD
EM OPERATIONS SUCH AS DIALING, HANG-UP,
AND CARRIER.DETECTION ARE DONE THROUGH T
HE MODEM DRIVER. EACH MODEM DRIVER ALSO
.CONTAINS A MAXIMUM BAUD RATE WHICH MAY
NOT BE EXCEEDED WHEN SETTING.THE BAUD RA
TE...3.5.2 PROTOCOLS...IN ORDER TO TRAN
SFER A FILE FROM ONE COMPUTER TO ANOTHER
, THE.COMPUTERS NEED A SYSTEM OF "TALKIN
G" TO EACH OTHER AND A METHOD OF.CHECKIN
G TO MAKE SURE THE FILE DATA IS TRANSFER
RED ACCURATELY. SUCH A.SYSTEM IS CALLED
A PROTOCOL. EACH PROTOCOL HAS ITS OWN
UNIQUE WAY OF.COMMUNICATING (ALSO CALLED
"HANDSHAKING") AND CHECKING FOR.TRANSMI
SSION ERRORS...THE BEST PROTOCOL TO USE
DEPENDS ON THE CONDITION OF THE DATA.CON
NECTION. (IS DATA TRANSMITTED CLEAN OR
IS THERE A LOT OF LINE.NOISE? IS THERE
A SIGNIFICANT DELAY BETWEEN THE TIME ONE
SIDE SENDS.DATA AND THE OTHER SIDE RECE
IVES IT?) NOVATERM SUPPORTS SEVERAL.PRO
TOCOLS, WHICH ARE DESCRIBED BELOW:..XMOD
EM: THIS PROTOCOL IS A PERENNIAL FAVORI
TE. XMODEM SENDS FILE.DATA IN BLOCKS OF
128 BYTES AND USES EITHER AN ADDITION C
HECKSUM OR A.CRC (CYCLIC REDUNDANCY) CHE
CKSUM, DEPENDING ON HOW THE REMOTE COMPU
TER.INITIATES THE TRANSFER. WHEN DOWNLO
ADING DATA, NOVATERM'S XMODEM.FIRST TRIE
S TO USE THE CRC CHECKSUM, BUT DEFAULTS
TO THE ADDITION.CHECKSUM IF THE REMOTE D
OES NOT SUPPORT CRC. XMODEM (AS WELL AS
.XMODEM-1K AND YMODEM BATCH) "PADS" THE
FINAL BLOCK WITH THE CTRL- Z.CHARACTER I
F THE FILE BEING TRANSFERRED DOES NOT EN
D IN EXACTLY 128.BYTES...XMODEM-1K: THI
S IS IDENTICAL TO XMODEM EXCEPT THAT IT
SENDS DATA IN.BLOCKS OF 1024 BYTES...YMO
DEM BATCH: THIS PROTOCOL IS SIMILAR TO
XMODEM-1K, BUT IT MAY BE.USED TO SEND A
NUMBER OF FILES IN ONE TRANSFER...ZMODEM
: ZMODEM IS BY FAR THE MOST WIDELY USED
PROTOCOL TODAY. IT IS.A BATCH PROTOCOL
(ALLOWING YOU TO DOWNLOAD SEVERAL FILES
AT ONCE) AND.OFFERS FEATURES LIKE CRASH
RECOVERY AND AUTO-DOWNLOAD. NOVATERM'S.
IMPLEMENTATION OF ZMODEM IS RECEIVE-ONLY
(YOU CAN'T SEND FILES),.SUPPORTS AUTO-
DOWNLOADING (BUT NOT THE OTHER FEATURES)
, AND ALLOWS A.MAXIMUM BLOCK SIZE OF 512
BYTES. MEMORY CONSTRAINTS PREVENT LARG
ER.BLOCK SIZES AND OTHER FEATURES. HOWE
VER, NOVATERM'S ZMODEM IS A.POWERFUL, FA
ST PROTOCOL THAT OUTPERFORMS OTHER PROTO
COLS EVEN WITHIN.THE LIMITATIONS OF THE
COMMODORE 64...WXMODEM: THIS IS A SLIDI
NG-WINDOWS VERSION OF XMODEM INTENDED FO
R USE.ON PACKET SWITCHING NETWORKS LIKE
PC PURSUIT. IT WORKS BY SENDING.FOUR XM
ODEM BLOCKS AT A TIME BEFORE REQUIRING T
HE RECEIVER TO.ACKNOWLEDGE THEM. NOVATE
RM'S WXMODEM PROTOCOL IS RECEIVE-ONLY...
KERMIT: THIS IS A PROTOCOL USED PRIMARI
LY ON MAINFRAME SYSTEMS. IT.IS DESIGNED
TO ALLOW FILE TRANSFERS TO TAKE PLACE I
N ENVIRONMENTS.WHICH CAUSE PROBLEMS FOR
A PROTOCOL LIKE XMODEM. IT IS SLOW AND.
INEFFICIENT COMPARED TO THE OTHERS SUPPO
RTED BY NOVATERM, BUT IF YOU.ARE USING A
MAINFRAME SYSTEM, KERMIT MAY BE THE ONL
Y PROTOCOL YOU CAN.USE...PUNTER: THIS P
ROTOCOL WAS DESIGNED SPECIFICALLY FOR US
E ON COMMODORE.COMPUTERS, ALTHOUGH IT IS
NOW SUPPORTED ON OTHERS. IT SENDS DATA
IN.VARIABLE BLOCK SIZES, SO THAT THERE
IS NO PADDING AT THE END OF THE.TRANSFER
(THE FILE IS SENT WITHOUT ANY EXTRANEOU
S DATA). YOU MAY ALSO.VARY THE BLOCK SI
ZE MANUALLY (SEE SECTION 3.5.22, PROTOCO
L BLOCK.SIZE). THIS IS USEFUL ON CONNEC
TIONS WHICH HAVE A LOT OF LINE NOISE;.A
SMALLER BLOCK SIZE MAY REDUCE THE NUMBER
OF BLOCKS WHICH MUST BE.RE-SENT...MULTI
-PUNTER: THIS IS A VARIATION OF PUNTER
WHICH ALLOWS A NUMBER OF.FILES TO BE SEN
T IN ONE TRANSFER. THIS PROTOCOL IS USU
ALLY FOUND ONLY.ON COMMODORE BULLETIN BO
ARDS...SEE SECTION 3.8 FOR MORE INFORMAT
ION ABOUT HOW TO TRANSFER FILES...3.5.3
TERMINAL EMULATORS...NOVATERM HAS THE A
BILITY TO DISPLAY INCOMING INFORMATION I
N THE SAME.WAY AS VARIOUS TYPES OF "DUMB
" TERMINALS. FOR MOST OF THESE DUMB.TER
MINALS, A SYSTEM OF CONTROL CODES IS USE
D TO PERFORM CERTAIN.OPERATIONS ON THE V
IDEO DISPLAY. THESE CODES INCLUDE CURSO
R MOVEMENT.AND POSITIONING, SCREEN CLEAR
ING, AND THE LIKE. SOME SYSTEMS MAY EVE
N.DRAW IN HIGH-RESOLUTION GRAPHICS WITH
THE USE OF CONTROL CODES. THERE.ARE A N
UMBER OF CONTROL CODE STANDARDS THAT ARE
IN WIDE USE. THOSE.SUPPORTED BY NOVATE
RM ARE LISTED BELOW..."STANDARD": THE S
TANDARD TERMINAL IS THE SIMPLEST. IT DI
SPLAYS WHAT.IT RECEIVES AND SENDS WHAT Y
OU TYPE. ONLY CHARACTERS SUCH AS CARRIA
GE.RETURNS AND SCREEN CLEARING CODES ARE
PROCESSED DIFFERENTLY. THIS.TERMINAL T
YPE IS SUITABLE FOR MANY BBS'S. THE STA
NDARD TERMINAL MAY.BE USED IN EITHER 40
OR 80 COLUMNS...PRESSING C= Q WILL TURN
THE STANDARD TERMINAL INTO A CONFERENCE
CHAT.MODE. IN THIS MODE, NOVATERM STORE
S EVERYTHING YOU TYPE IN A LINE.BUFFER A
T THE TOP OF THE SCREEN INSTEAD OF BEING
SENT TO THE MODEM..WHEN YOU PRESS RETUR
N, THE ENTIRE LINE IS SENT ALL AT ONCE,
INCLUDING.A CARRIAGE RETURN AT THE END.
RECEIVED DATA IS DISPLAYED NORMALLY..AN
Y CONTROL CHARACTERS THAT YOU TYPE ARE I
MMEDIATELY SENT TO THE MODEM.RATHER THAN
STORED IN THE LINE BUFFER. PRESSING C=
Q AGAIN RETURNS.THE TERMINAL TO STANDAR
D MODE. THIS MODULE MAY BE USED IN EITH
ER 40.OR 80 COLUMNS..."VT102": THE VT10
2 TERMINAL, DESIGNED BY DIGITAL EQUIPMEN
T.CORPORATION (DEC), IS WIDELY USED IN M
AINFRAME COMMUNICATIONS..NOVATERM SUPPOR
TS ALL OF THE FUNCTIONS OF THE VT102 TER
MINAL WITH THE.FOLLOWING EXCEPTIONS, WHI
CH WERE LEFT OUT FOR MEMORY CONSIDERATIO
NS OR.OTHER INFEASIBILITIES: DOUBLE HEI
GHT, DOUBLE WIDTH, TEST PATTERN.GENERATI
ON, 132 COLUMN MODE, SMOOTH SCROLLING, I
NTERLACE MODE,.ANSI/VT52 TOGGLE, SELF-TE
STS...IN ORDER TO USE VT102, YOU MUST AL
SO LOAD "ASC.ANSI/VT" AND."FONT80.VT102/
52". THESE OTHER TWO MODULES ARE NECESS
ARY TO PROVIDE.THE CORRECT ASCII TRANSLA
TION AND GRAPHICS CHARACTERS TO GET THE
FULL.EFFECT OF THE EMULATION. IF YOU HA
VEN'T LOADED THESE MODULES, YOU MAY.NOTI
CE PROBLEMS SUCH AS TEXT BEING REPRINTED
OVER ITSELF ON THE SAME.LINE OR STREAMS
OF THE SAME LETTER THAT ARE SUPPOSED TO
BE GRAPHICS.CHARACTERS. THESE MODULES
MAY BE LOADED QUICKLY BY EXECUTING THE.I
NCLUDED SCRIPT FILE "VT102.SC"...IN VT10
2 MODE, FUNCTION KEYS F9 THROUGH F12 HAV
E BEEN REDEFINED TO.SEND THE CONTROL COD
ES WHICH REPRESENT THE PF1 THROUGH PF4 K
EYS ON A.STANDARD DEC TERMINAL. THE RES
T OF THE MACRO KEYS PERFORM NORMALLY,.BU
T MACRO KEY DEFINITIONS FOR F9 THROUGH F
12 ARE INACCESSIBLE...VT102 MAY ONLY BE
USED IN 80 COLUMN MODE. THIS MEANS THAT
PRESSING C=.C IN TERMINAL MODE WILL HAV
E NO EFFECT...ON UNIX SYSTEMS, THE FILE
".TERMCAP" INCLUDED ON THE DISK SHOULD B
E.USED SHOULD BE USED FOR MAXIMUM COMPAT
IBILITY WITH NOVATERM. SIMPLY.UPLOAD TH
E FILE TO YOUR UNIX ACCOUNT AND GIVE IT
THE FILE NAME.".TERMCAP" IN ORDER TO USE
IT..."VT52": VT52 IS A MORE PRIMITIVE
TYPE OF EMULATION ALSO DEVELOPED BY.DEC.
MOST MAINFRAMES STILL SUPPORT VT52. L
IKE VT102, VT52 MAY ONLY.BE USED IN 80 C
OLUMNS. YOU MUST ALSO LOAD "ASC.ANSI/VT
" AND."FONT80.VT102/52" FOR VT52 MODE...
"ANSI": ANSI IS AN ALTERED VERSION OF V
T102 WHICH IS USED ON MANY IBM.BULLETIN
BOARDS. IT IS GEARED MORE TOWARD THE DI
SPLAY OF COLOR AND.GRAPHICS. NOVATERM'S
ANSI EMULATION PROVIDES THIS ANSI GRAPH
ICS AND.COLOR CAPABILITY. ANSI IS RESTR
ICTED TO 80 COLUMNS AS WELL...FOR 80 COL
UMN ANSI, YOU MUST LOAD "ASC.ANSI/VT" AN
D "FONT80.ANSI"..THESE MODULES MAY BE LO
ADED QUICKLY BY EXECUTING THE SCRIPT FIL
E."ANSI.SC". THE ASCII TRANSLATION FOR
80 COLUMN ANSI IS IDENTICAL TO.THAT USED
FOR VT52 AND VT102, SO THE SAME MODULES
ARE USED FOR BOTH...3.5.4 ASCII TRANSL
ATION TABLES...SINCE COMMODORE DECIDED T
O COME UP WITH A STANDARD FOR ENCODING.C
HARACTERS THAT WAS DIFFERENT FROM OTHER
COMPUTERS, MOST COMMUNICATION.WITH OTHER
COMPUTERS REQUIRES THAT INCOMING AND OU
TGOING DATA BE.TRANSLATED TO STANDARD AS
CII VALUES. THE MAIN DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
.COMMODORE'S CHARACTER ENCODING (CALLED
PETSCII) AND STANDARD ASCII IS.THAT THE
NUMERIC VALUES FOR THE UPPERCASE CHARACT
ERS AND THE LOWERCASE.CHARACTERS ARE REV
ERSED. WITHOUT ANY TRANSLATION, IF SOME
ONE ON AN.IBM SENT A LOWERCASE LETTER "A
", IT WOULD SHOW UP AS A CAPITAL "A" ON.
A COMMODORE...THIS ASCII ANOMALY MUST BE
TAKEN CARE OF USING ASCII TRANSLATION.T
ABLES. THE EASIEST WAY TO EXPLAIN A TRA
NSLATION TABLE IS TO DESCRIBE.WHAT HAPPE
NS WHEN IT IS USED. FOR EXAMPLE, SAY TH
AT NOVATERM WANTS TO.SEND THE STRING "HE
LLO" TO THE MODEM, CHANGING IT TO STANDA
RD ASCII.BEFORE IT IS SENT. IT FIRST TA
KES THE "H" AND LOOKS UP ITS LOCATION.IN
THE TRANSMIT TABLE. THE PETSCII VALUE
FOR "H" HAPPENS TO BE 72. IN.THE TRANSMI
T TABLE, NOVATERM LOOKS AT POSITION 72 A
ND FINDS THE VALUE.104, WHICH IS THE STA
NDARD ASCII VALUE FOR "H". IT IS THIS B
YTE VALUE.OF 104 WHICH IS ACTUALLY SENT
TO THE MODEM. EACH CHARACTER OF THE.STR
ING IS SENT IN SUCCESSION USING THE SAME
TRANSLATION PROCESS...TRANSLATION OF IN
COMING BYTES IS DONE IN THE SAME WAY. I
F NOVATERM.RECEIVES, SAY, A BYTE WITH A
VALUE OF 122, IT WOULD LOOK UP POSITION.
122 IN THE RECEIVE TABLE AND FIND THE VA
LUE 90, WHICH IS A LOWERCASE."Z". THE C
HARACTER WITH A VALUE OF 90 ("Z") RATHER
THAN 122 WOULD.ACTUALLY BE PRINTED ON T
HE SCREEN. NOTE THAT THERE IS A DIFFERE
NCE.BETWEEN THE TRANSMIT TABLE AND THE R
ECEIVE TABLE. ONE IS USED TO.TRANSLATE
OUTGOING DATA, AND THE OTHER IS USED TO
TRANSLATE INCOMING.DATA. MANY OF THE TR
ANSLATIONS ARE THE SAME, BUT USING TWO S
EPARATE.TABLES ALLOWS YOU TO "FILTER OUT
" UNDESIRED CHARACTERS BY CHANGING.THEIR
TRANSLATION IN THE RECEIVE TABLE...THE
PROGRAM MODULE "NOVA.ASCII EDIT" IS A TR
ANSLATION TABLE EDITOR..YOU MAY WANT TO
CHANGE OTHER CHARACTERS, SUCH AS ALTERIN
G INCOMING.FOREIGN GRAPHICS CHARACTERS T
O MATCH UP WITH A FONT YOU HAVE ALREADY.
CREATED (THIS IS WHAT WAS DONE FOR ANSI
GRAPHICS). SEE SECTION 3.4.2.FOR MORE I
NFORMATION ABOUT THE ASCII TABLE EDITOR.
..3.5.5 FONTS...LOADING A DIFFERENT FON
T WILL CHANGE THE WAY CHARACTERS ARE DIS
PLAYED.ON THE SCREEN. THE APPEARANCE OF
EACH CHARACTER (LETTERS, NUMBERS,.AND G
RAPHICS) MAY BE ALTERED BY USING THE FON
T EDITOR PROGRAM (SEE.SECTION 3.4.4). F
ONTS ARE USEFUL FOR SUPPORTING DIFFERENT
GRAPHICS.CHARACTERS, OR FOR SIMPLY READ
ING TEXT IN A MORE ELEGANT FORM...3.5.6
80 COLUMN FONTS...THESE FONTS CHANGE TH
E WAY CHARACTERS APPEAR IN 80 COLUMN MOD
E. THESE.MAY ALSO BE EDITED USING THE F
ONT EDITOR PROGRAM. SEVERAL 80 COLUMN.F
ONTS ARE INCLUDED WITH NOVATERM IN ORDER
TO SUPPORT THE DIFFERENT.GRAPHICS CHARA
CTERS THAT ARE USED ON AN IBM (FOR ANSI
TERMINAL MODE).AND THE DEC TERMINALS (VT
52 AND VT102). SEE SECTION 3.5.3 FOR MO
RE.INFORMATION ON HOW THESE FONTS ARE US
ED IN CONJUCTION WITH THE.TERMINAL EMULA
TORS...3.5.7 DEVICE SETTINGS...IN ADDIT
ION TO THE CURRENT DISK DEVICE, NOVATERM
ALLOWS YOU TO SPECIFY.WHAT DISK DRIVE T
O USE FOR VARIOUS OPERATIONS. THE DEVIC
E SETTINGS.MENU IS AVAILABLE ON THE DISK
FUNCTIONS MENU AND BUFFER MENU AS WELL.
.TO SET THE DISK DEVICE NUMBER OF ONE OF
THE FIRST FOUR OPTIONS ON THE.MENU, ENT
ER THE DEVICE NUMBER, FOLLOWED BY A COMM
A, FOLLOWED BY THE.DRIVE NUMBER. THE DR
IVE NUMBER (DISTINCT FROM THE DEVICE NUM
BER) IS.USED WHEN YOU HAVE A SINGLE DISK
DEVICE CONTAINING TWO OR MORE DRIVES..S
OME DISK DRIVES LIKE THIS INCLUDE THE OL
D COMMODORE DUAL DRIVES.(4040, 8050, ETC
.) AND THE MSD-II. THE DRIVE NUMBER IS
0 FOR THE.DRIVE ON THE LEFT OF A DUAL DR
IVE SYSTEM OR A 1 FOR THE DRIVE ON THE.R
IGHT. SOME HARD DRIVES MADE FOR THE COM
MODORE ALSO USE THE DRIVE.NUMBER TO SPEC
IFY MULTIPLE PARTITIONS. THE HIGHEST DR
IVE NUMBER THAT.MAY BE SPECIFIED IN NOVA
TERM IS 19. IF YOU ARE USING ONLY SINGL
E DISK.DRIVES, THE DRIVE NUMBER SHOULD A
LWAYS BE 0; OTHERWISE, YOU WILL GET."DRI
VE NOT READY" ERRORS...PROGRAM DEVICE :
THIS IS THE DRIVE USED WHEN NOVATERM LOO
KS FOR MODULE. FILES. T
HIS SHOULD ALSO BE THE DISK FROM WHICH T
HE. PROGRAM WAS ORIGINAL
LY LOADED..UPLOAD DEVICE : THIS IS THE
DRIVE USED WHEN A FILE IS UPLOADED..DOWN
LOAD DEVICE: THIS IS THE DEVICE TO WHICH
FILES ARE DOWNLOADED..BUFFER DEVICE :
THIS DEVICE IS USED TO LOAD OR SAVE FILE
S TO DISK. FROM THE BUFF
ER. THE AUTOMATIC BUFFER DUMP ALSO USES
. THIS DEVICE...NOVATERM
ACCEPTS VALUES BETWEEN 8 AND 16 FOR DIS
K DEVICE NUMBERS. WHEN.YOU ENTER A DEVIC
E NUMBER FOR ANY OF THE ABOVE OPTIONS, N
OVATERM.CHECKS TO SEE IF THAT DEVICE IS
ACTUALLY CONNECTED. IF IT IS NOT, THE.DE
VICE NUMBER IS NOT CHANGED. IF YOU HAVE
A RAM EXPANDER CONNECTED,.THE DEVICE NU
MBER OF THE RAMDISK IS DISPLAYED BELOW T
HE MENU. YOU.CANNOT CHANGE THIS NUMBER,
BUT IT IS DISPLAYED SO THAT YOU MAY CHA
NGE.ANY OF THE DISK DEVICE NUMBERS TO TH
E RAM EXPANDER...FOR THE UPLOAD AND DOWN
LOAD DEVICES, SPECIFYING 0 (ZERO) FOR TH
E.DEVICE NUMBER DIRECTS THESE DRIVES TO
NOVATERM'S BUFFER...PRINTER DEVICE: THI
S DEVICE NUMBER IS USUALLY A 4. IF TWO
PRINTERS.ARE CONNECTED, THIS MAY ALSO BE
A 5. VALUES BETWEEN 4 AND 7 ARE.VALID.
THE SECOND NUMBER IS THE SECONDARY ADD
RESS OF THE PRINTER..MOST SERIAL PRINTER
S REQUIRE A SECONDARY ADDRESS OF 7. IF
YOU HAVE.PROBLEMS GETTING YOUR PRINTOUTS
TO LOOK RIGHT, CHECK YOUR PRINTER.MANUA
L TO SEE WHAT SECONDARY ADDRESS IS RECOM
MENDED...3.5.8 FUNCTION KEYS...THERE AR
E 16 FUNCTION KEYS AVAILABLE. F1 THROUG
H F8 ARE ACCESSED AS.SHOWN ON THE KEYBOA
RD. THE REMAINING FUNCTION KEYS ARE ACC
ESSED BY.PRESSING EITHER CTRL OR THE COM
MODORE LOGO KEY WITH THE FUNCTION KEYS..
THE F1 KEY IS RESERVED FOR BBS PASSWORD
DEFINITIONS, AND DOES NOT.APPEAR ON THIS
MENU (SEE 3.2.1, AUTODIAL COMMANDS). T
HESE FUNCTION.KEYS ARE ONLY EFFECTIVE IN
TERMINAL MODE...AT THE FUNCTION KEY MEN
U, EITHER PRESS A FUNCTION KEY OR SELECT
IT ON.THE MENU TO EDIT THE KEY'S DEFINI
TION. THEN TYPE IN A STRING. EVERY.TIM
E YOU PRESS THAT FUNCTION KEY IN TERMINA
L MODE, THE STRING YOU HAVE.DEFINED WILL
BE SENT TO THE MODEM...CONTROL KEYS MAY
BE IMBEDDED WITHIN A FUNCTION KEY STRIN
G BY INCLUDING.A CARET SYMBOL ^ FOLLOWED
BY THE CONTROL KEY LETTER. FOR EXAMPLE
, TO.INCLUDE THE CONTROL-B IN THE STRING
"HELLO [CTRL- B]THERE", YOU WOULD.TYPE
"HELLO ^BTHERE". A CARRIAGE RETURN (WHI
CH IS CONTROL-M) COULD BE.PLACED AT THE
END OF A STRING BY ENTERING "HI THERE^M"
...A 1/2 SECOND PAUSE IN A STRING IS REP
RESENTED BY A CONTROL-P. FOR.EXAMPLE, T
O DEFINE A FUNCTION KEY TO SEND TWO STRI
NGS DELIMITED BY.CARRAIGE RETURNS WITH A
FULL SECOND PAUSE IN BETWEEN, THE STRIN
G MIGHT.LOOK LIKE: "SEND ME^M^P^PTO THE
MOON^M". PRESSING THE FUNCTION KEY.CONT
AINING THIS STRING WILL DISPLAY "SEND ME
" WITH A RETURN, WAIT ONE.SECOND, AND DI
SPLAY "TO THE MOON" FOLLOWED BY ANOTHER
RETURN...FUNCTION KEY DEFINITIONS MAY BE
SAVED IN INDIVIDUAL FILES BY SELECTING.
"SAVE FUNCTION KEYS" ON THE SAME MENU.
IN ORDER TO TELL NOVATERM TO.RELOAD THE
SAME FUNCTION KEY DEFINITION FILE EACH T
IME YOU BOOT THE.PROGRAM, YOU MUST SAVE
THE CONFIGURATION FILE (SEE 3.5.13), WHI
CH WILL.RECORD THE CURRENT FUNCTION KEY
FILE NAME...3.5.9 BAUD RATE TIMERS...WH
EN THE COMPUTER SENDS A BYTE OF DATA, IT
FIRST SENDS A STARTING BIT.TO LET THE O
THER COMPUTER KNOW A BYTE IS ON ITS WAY.
A CERTAIN AMOUNT.OF TIME (ON THE ORDER
OF MILLISECONDS) IS TAKEN TO SEND THIS
BIT..LIKEWISE, EACH BIT OF OF THE ACTUAL
BYTE OF DATA TAKES A CERTAIN.AMOUNT OF
TIME TO BE SENT AS WELL. THE START-BIT T
IME IS A LITTLE.LONGER THAN THE FULL-BIT
TIME...THE BAUD RATE TIMERS MENU ALLOWS
YOU TO MODIFY THESE START-BIT AND.FULL-
BIT TIMES. BY ADJUSTING THESE TIMERS, Y
OU ALTER THE ACTUAL BAUD.RATE. YOU CAN
CALCULATE TRANSMIT TIMER VALUES FOR ANY
NON- STANDARD.BAUD RATE BY DIVIDING THE
NUMBER 1,022,730 (985,250 FOR PAL SYSTEM
S).BY YOUR NON- STANDARD BAUD RATE, ROUN
DING, AND SUBRTRACTING ONE..RECEIVE TIME
R VALUES (START-BIT TIME AND FULL- BIT T
IME) ARE NOT.EASILY CALCULATED, BUT YOU
CAN DETERMINE THEM EXPERIMENTALLY BY MAK
ING.AN APPROXIMATE CALCULATION FIRST (TO
INCREASE THE BAUD RATE, DECREASE.THE TI
ME PROPORTIONATELY) AND THEN ADJUSTING T
HE VALUE UNTIL YOU GET.CLEAR TRANSMISSIO
N AT THAT BAUD RATE...THE MOST COMMON US
E FOR THIS FEATURE IS TO ACHIEVE THE 120
0/75 BAUD.RATE USED IN AUSTRALIA. SINCE
THIS SCHEME RECEIVES AT 1200 BAUD, YOU.
DO NOT NEED TO ADJUST THE START- AND FUL
L-BIT TIMES. TO FIND THE NEW.TRANSMIT T
IME, DIVIDE 985,250 BY 75, ROUND UP, AND
SUBTRACT ONE TO GET.THE VALUE 13136. EN
TER THIS VALUE FOR THE TRANSMIT TIME UND
ER THE 1200.BAUD COLUMN AND SAVE YOUR CO
NFIGURATION. NOW, EVERY TIME YOU USE 120
0.BAUD, YOU'LL ACTUALLY BE OPERATING AT
THE 1200/75 SPEED. (TO CHANGE.BACK TO R
EAL 1200 BAUD, JUST DIVIDE 985,250 BY 12
00, ROUND, AND.SUBTRACT ONE TO GET 820.)
..NOTE: IF THE SWIFTLINK(TM) CARTRIDGE
IS PRESENT, THESE START-BIT AND.FULL-BIT
TIMES ARE NOT USED...3.5.10 40 COLUMN
COLORS. SEE SECTION 2.3.6...3.5.11 80
COLUMN COLORS...SELECTING "80 COLUMN COL
OR" PRESENTS YOU WITH A MENU FOR CHANGIN
G.TEXT, BACKGROUND, AND BORDER COLORS.
THESE ARE THE COLORS THAT ARE.USED IN 80
COLUMN MODE. CHOOSE THE DESIRED COLOR
COMBINATION THE SAME.WAY YOU DID FOR THE
NORMAL SCREEN DISPLAY ABOVE. YOU MAY A
LSO CHOOSE.THE TEXT AND BACKGROUND COLOR
S FOR THE 80 COLUMN STATUS LINE. WHEN.F
INISHED, SELECT "QUIT" TO RETURN TO THE
TERMINAL SETUP MENU. THE.SCREEN CHANGES
BACK TO ITS NORMAL COLORS. IN TERMINAL
MODE, YOU MUST.PRESS C= Y IN ORDER TO C
HANGE THE COLORS TO THE DEFAULTS YOU HAV
E SET...3.5.12 LOAD CONFIG FILE...LOADI
NG THE CONFIGURATION FILE RESETS NOVATER
M TO THE OPTIONS YOU.SELECTED BEFORE LAS
T SAVING THE FILE. IF YOU HAVE CHANGED
SEVERAL OF.THE CONFIGURATION OPTIONS, TH
IS IS A QUICK WAY TO RESTORE THE.DEFAULT
S...3.5.13 SAVE CONFIG FILE...WHEN YOU
SAVE THE CONFIGURATION FILE, THE FOLLOWI
NG INFORMATION IS.STORED: MODEM TYPE, T
ERMINAL EMULATOR, PROTOCOL, ASCII TABLE,
NORMAL.FONT, 80 COLUMN FONT, BAUD RATE
TIMERS, FUNCTION KEY DEFINITIONS,.DEVICE
SETTINGS, SCREEN COLORS, 80 COLUMN COLO
RS, BAUD RATE, MODEM.INITIALIZATION STRI
NG, DIAL METHOD, REDIAL DELAY, XON AND X
OFF.CHARACTERS, FLOW CONTROL TOLERANCE,
COMMUNICATION PARAMETERS,.SWIFTLINK SETT
ING, PHONE BOOK FILE, FUNCTION KEY FILE,
80 COLUMN.SCROLL ADJUST...
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